Recruitment of Beneficial M2 Macrophages to Injured Spinal Cord Is Orchestrated by Remote Brain Choroid Plexus

• Published in: Immunity (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 38; no. 3; pp. 555 - 569
• Main Authors: Shechter, Ravid, Miller, Omer, Yovel, Gili, Rosenzweig, Neta, London, Anat, Ruckh, Julia, Kim, Ki-Wook, Klein, Eugenia, Kalchenko, Vyacheslav, Bendel, Peter, Lira, Sergio A., Jung, Steffen, Schwartz, Michal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 21.03.2013; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: 5'-Nucleotidase - antagonists & inhibitors; 5'-Nucleotidase - genetics; 5'-Nucleotidase - immunology; Adenosine Diphosphate - analogs & derivatives; Adenosine Diphosphate - pharmacology; Animals; Antigens, Ly - immunology; Antigens, Ly - metabolism; Blood-Brain Barrier - immunology; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Cell Movement - genetics; Cell Movement - immunology; Choroid Plexus - immunology; Choroid Plexus - metabolism; CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression - immunology; Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics; Green Fluorescent Proteins - metabolism; Integrin alpha4beta1 - genetics; Integrin alpha4beta1 - immunology; Leukocyte Common Antigens - immunology; Leukocyte Common Antigens - metabolism; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - immunology; Macrophages - metabolism; Meninges - immunology; Meninges - metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Confocal; Monocytes - drug effects; Monocytes - immunology; Monocytes - metabolism; Receptors, Chemokine - genetics; Receptors, Chemokine - immunology; Recruitment; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rodents; Spinal Cord - immunology; Spinal Cord - metabolism; Spinal Cord Injuries - cerebrospinal fluid; Spinal Cord Injuries - genetics; Spinal Cord Injuries - immunology; Statistical analysis; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - immunology

Monocyte-derived macrophages are essential for recovery after spinal cord injury, but their homing mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that although of common origin, the homing of proinflammatory (M1) and the “alternatively activated” anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages to traumatized spin...