Influence of gender, menstrual phase, and oral contraceptive use on immunological changes in response to prolonged cycling

• Published in: Journal of applied physiology (1985) Vol. 99; no. 3; pp. 979 - 985
• Main Authors: Timmons, Brian W, Hamadeh, Mazen J, Devries, Michaela C, Tarnopolsky, Mark A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Am Physiological Soc 01.09.2005; American Physiological Society
• Subjects: Adult; Bicycling; Bicycling - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Birth control; Changes; Contraceptives, Oral - administration & dosage; Exercise Test; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Gender; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hormonal contraception; Humans; Immunobiology; Immunology; Influence; Male; Medical sciences; Menstrual Cycle - drug effects; Menstrual Cycle - immunology; Menstruation; Modulation of the immune response (stimulation, suppression); Physical Endurance - drug effects; Physical Endurance - immunology; Sex Factors; Physical exercise; Human; lymphocytes; Cyclism; Immunomodulation; Cytokine; Sex; Oral administration; interleukin-6; Interleukin 6; Sport; Female; Contraceptive; Lymphocyte; Prolonged; Immune system

1 Children's Exercise and Nutrition Centre and 2 Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Submitted 10 February 2005 ; accepted in final form 4 May 2005 This study determined the influence of gender, menstrual phase (MP), and oral contraceptive (OC)...