凡纳滨对虾胚胎发育进程及诱导染色体加倍时间确定

[目的]了解凡纳滨对虾胚胎发育的时序及特征,为其雌核发育诱导中染色体加倍最佳操作窗口的确定及人工苗种生产提供参考依据.[方法]以人工培育成熟凡纳滨对虾“桂海1号”的受精卵为研究对象,观察并描述不同水温下卵子从产出受精至幼体孵化出膜的整个胚胎发育过程.[结果]根据凡纳滨对虾胚胎发育的形态特征变化,可分为7个阶段：受精卵期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、肢芽期、膜内无节幼体期和出膜幼体期.凡纳滨对虾受精卵在水温30.5℃、盐度28.6‰的条件下,整个胚胎发育过程需11.5～11.8 h.水温变化对凡纳滨对虾受精卵极体的排出和孵化时间有明显影响,水温每下降1℃,孵化时间需增加0.6h;在28.0～30.5...

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Published in南方农业学报 Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 664 - 670
Main Author 张彬 韦嫔媛 熊建华 谢达祥 赵永贞 陈晓汉
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 广西水产科学研究院/广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁,530021 2014
Subjects
凡纳滨对虾
受精卵
染色体加倍
水温
胚胎发育
chromosome doubling
染色体加倍
受精卵
胚胎发育
oosperm
embryonic development
水温
temperature
凡纳滨对虾
Ltiopenaeus vannamei
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2095-1191
DOI10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2014.4.664

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Summary:[目的]了解凡纳滨对虾胚胎发育的时序及特征,为其雌核发育诱导中染色体加倍最佳操作窗口的确定及人工苗种生产提供参考依据.[方法]以人工培育成熟凡纳滨对虾“桂海1号”的受精卵为研究对象,观察并描述不同水温下卵子从产出受精至幼体孵化出膜的整个胚胎发育过程.[结果]根据凡纳滨对虾胚胎发育的形态特征变化,可分为7个阶段：受精卵期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、肢芽期、膜内无节幼体期和出膜幼体期.凡纳滨对虾受精卵在水温30.5℃、盐度28.6‰的条件下,整个胚胎发育过程需11.5～11.8 h.水温变化对凡纳滨对虾受精卵极体的排出和孵化时间有明显影响,水温每下降1℃,孵化时间需增加0.6h;在28.0～30.5℃的水温范围内,受精卵第一极体释放时间为7～13 min,第二极体释放时间为8～14 min,整个胚胎发育过程需11.5～13.0 h.其中,在30.5℃的水温条件下,第一极体释放的时间为7～9 min,第二极体释放的时间为8～10 min,即在水温30.5℃、盐度28.6‰的条件下,凡纳滨对虾受精卵染色体加倍诱导的最佳时间在卵子受精后8～10 min.[结论]在确保凡纳滨对虾受精卵正常发育的前提下,适当调低培育水温能延迟胚胎发育速度,为人工诱导受精卵染色体加倍创造较充足的操作窗口期.此外,受精卵是否均等分裂是判断凡纳滨对虾卵子受精与否的重要标准.
Bibliography:ZHANG Bin, WEI Pin-yuan, XIONG Jian-hua, XIE Da-xiang, ZHAO Yong-zhen, CHEN Xiao-han （Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Nanning 530021, China）
45-1381/S
Ltiopenaeus vannamei; oosperm; embryonic development; chromosome doubling; temperature
[Objective]The timing and characteristics of embryonic development of Litopenaeus vannamei were studied to provide references for suitable operating time of artificial chromosome doubling in subsequent gynogenetic induction and artifi- cial seed production. [Method]Oosperms from mature artificial cultivated Litopenaeus vannamei Guihai 1 was used as the research objects. The whole process of embryonic development, from egg laying up to larva hatching, was observed and de- scribed at different temperature. [Result] According to the morphological changes, the embryonic development of Ltiopenaeus vannamei could be divided into the following seven stages： germinal stage, cleavage stage, blastula stage,
ISSN:2095-1191
DOI:10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2014.4.664