The disablement process
Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research. The Disablement Process: (1) describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific...
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| Published in | Social science & medicine (1982) Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 1 - 14 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
1994
Elsevier Pergamon Press Inc |
| Series | Social Science & Medicine |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research. The Disablement Process: (1) describes how chronic and acute conditions affect
functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and activities of daily life, and (2) describes the
personal and environmental factors that speed or slow disablement, namely, risk factors, interventions, and exacerbators. A main pathway that links Pathology, Impairments, Functional Limitations, and Disability is explicated. Disability is defined as difficulty doing activities in any domain of life (from hygiene to hobbies, errands to sleep) due to a health or physical problem. Feedback effects are included in the model to cover dysfunction spirals (pernicious loops of dysfunction) and secondary conditions (new pathology launched by a given disablement process). We distinguish intrinsic disability (without personal or equipment assistance) and actual disability (with such assistance), noting the scientific and political importance of measuring both. Disability is not a personal characteristic, but is instead a gap between personal capability and environmental demand. Survey researchers and clinicans tend to focus on personal capability, overlooking the efforts people commonly make to reduce demand by activity accommodations, environmental modifications, psychological coping, and external supports. We compare the disablement experiences of people who acquire chronic conditions early in life (lifelong disability) and those who acquire them in mid or late life (late-life disability). The Disablement Process can help inform research (the epidemiology of disability) and public health (prevention of disability) activities. |
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| AbstractList | A sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research is presented. The model can be implemented with respect to public health activities. Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research. The Disablement Process: (1) describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and activities of daily life, and (2) describes the personal and environmental factors that speed or slow disablement, namely, risk factors, interventions, and exacerbators. A main pathway that links Pathology, Impairments, Functional Limitations, and Disability is explicated. Disability is defined as difficulty doing activities in any domain of life (from hygiene to hobbies, errands to sleep) due to a health or physical problem. Feedback effects are included in the model to cover dysfunction spirals (pernicious loops of dysfunction) and secondary conditions (new pathology launched by a given disablement process). We distinguish intrinsic disability (without personal or equipment assistance) and actual disability (with such assistance), noting the scientific and political importance of measuring both. Disability is not a personal characteristic, but is instead a gap between personal capability and environmental demand. Survey researchers and clinicians tend to focus on personal capability, overlooking the efforts people commonly make to reduce demand by activity accommodations, environmental modifications, psychological coping, and external supports. We compare the disablement experiences of people who acquire chronic conditions early in life (lifelong disability) and those who acquire them in mid or late life (late-life disability). The Disablement Process can help inform research (the epidemiology of disability) and public health (prevention of disability) activities. The Disablement Process: describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and activities of daily life, and describes the personal and environmental factors that speed or slow disablement, namely, risk factors, interventions, and exacerbators. A main pathway that links Pathology, Impairments, Functional Limitations, and Disability is explicated. (Original abstract-amended) Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research. The Disablement Process: (1) describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and activities of daily life, and (2) describes the personal and environmental factors that speed or slow disablement, namely, risk factors, interventions, and exacerbators. A main pathway that links Pathology, Impairments, Functional Limitations, and Disability is explicated. Disability is defined as difficulty doing activities in any domain of life (from hygiene to hobbies, errands to sleep) due to a health or physical problem. Feedback effects are included in the model to cover dysfunction spirals (pernicious loops of dysfunction) and secondary conditions (new pathology launched by a given disablement process). We distinguish intrinsic disability (without personal or equipment assistance) and actual disability (with such assistance), noting the scientific and political importance of measuring both. Disability is not a personal characteristic, but is instead a gap between personal capability and environmental demand. Survey researchers and clinicans tend to focus on personal capability, overlooking the efforts people commonly make to reduce demand by activity accommodations, environmental modifications, psychological coping, and external supports. We compare the disablement experiences of people who acquire chronic conditions early in life (lifelong disability) and those who acquire them in mid or late life (late-life disability). The Disablement Process can help inform research (the epidemiology of disability) and public health (prevention of disability) activities. Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research. The Disablement Process: (1) describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and activities of daily life, and (2) describes the personal and environmental factors that speed or slow disablement, namely, risk factors, interventions, and exacerbators. A main pathway that links Pathology, Impairments, Functional Limitations, and Disability is explicated. Disability is defined as difficulty doing activities in any domain of life (from hygiene to hobbies, errands to sleep) due to a health or physical problem. Feedback effects are included in the model to cover dysfunction spirals (pernicious loops of dysfunction) and secondary conditions (new pathology launched by a given disablement process). We distinguish intrinsic disability (without personal or equipment assistance) and actual disability (with such assistance), noting the scientific and political importance of measuring both. Disability is not a personal characteristic, but is instead a gap between personal capability and environmental demand. Survey researchers and clinicans tend to focus on personal capability, overlooking the efforts people commonly make to reduce demand by activity accommodations, environmental modifications, psychological coping, and external supports. We compare the disablement experiences of people who acquire chronic conditions early in life (lifelong disability) and those who acquire them in mid or late life (late-life disability). The Disablement Process can help inform research (the epidemiology of disability) and public health (prevention of disability) activities. How disablement affects specific body systems and factors speeding or slowing the process. [(BNI unique abstract)] 55 references |
| Author | Verbrugge, Lois M. Jette, Alan M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lois M. surname: Verbrugge fullname: Verbrugge, Lois M. organization: Institute of Gerontology, 300 North Ingalls, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2007, U.S.A – sequence: 2 givenname: Alan M. surname: Jette fullname: Jette, Alan M. organization: New England Research Institute, 9 Galen Street, Watertown, MA 02172, U.S.A |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3811130$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8146699$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeesocmed/v_3a38_3ay_3a1994_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a1-14.htm$$DView record in RePEc |
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Sci. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.5.M141 contributor: fullname: Guralnik – volume: 14 start-page: 61 year: 1965 ident: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90294-1_BIB24 article-title: Functional evaluation: the Barthel index publication-title: Maryland State Med. J. contributor: fullname: Mahoney |
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| Snippet | Building on prior conceptual schemes, this article presents a sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for... A sociomedical model of disability, called The Disablement Process, that is especially useful for epidemiological and clinical research is presented. The model... The Disablement Process: describes how chronic and acute conditions affect functioning in specific body systems, generic physical and mental actions, and... How disablement affects specific body systems and factors speeding or slowing the process. [(BNI unique abstract)] 55 references |
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| SubjectTerms | Activities of Daily Living age Biological and medical sciences Disability Disabled Persons - psychology Disabled Persons - rehabilitation disablement disablement disability function age Female function Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Handicap Humans Male Medico-Social models Models, Theoretical People with disabilities Processes Psychology and medicine Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Public health Sociology |
| Title | The disablement process |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)90294-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8146699 http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeesocmed/v_3a38_3ay_3a1994_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a1-14.htm https://www.proquest.com/docview/230461581 https://search.proquest.com/docview/57849183 https://search.proquest.com/docview/763942951 https://search.proquest.com/docview/76415062 |
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