The crucial role of metal ions in neurodegeneration: the basis for a promising therapeutic strategy

The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inBritish journal of pharmacology Vol. 146; no. 8; pp. 1041 - 1059
Main Authors Gaeta, Alessandra, Hider, Robert C
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2005
Nature Publishing
Subjects
alpha-Synuclein - metabolism
Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy
Alzheimer Disease - metabolism
Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology
Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism
Animals
Aβ‐amyloid
Biological and medical sciences
Chelating Agents - pharmacology
chelation therapy
copper
Copper - metabolism
Humans
Ions
iron
Iron - metabolism
Manganese - metabolism
Medical sciences
Metals - metabolism
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - physiopathology
Oxidative Stress
Parkinson Disease - drug therapy
Parkinson Disease - metabolism
Parkinson Disease - physiopathology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prion Diseases - drug therapy
Prion Diseases - metabolism
Prion Diseases - physiopathology
prion protein
Prions - metabolism
protein aggregation
Proteins - metabolism
Review
α‐synuclein
Oxidative stress
Metal ion
chelation therapy
Iron
Aggregation
Treatment
Neurodegeneration
protein aggregation
Amyloid
Degeneration
Aβ-amyloid
Copper
Prion protein
α-synuclein
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which are associated with the involvement of metal ions. In this review, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and prion disease are discussed, with the aim of identifying common trends underlying these devastating neurological conditions. Chelation therapy could be a valuable therapeutic approach, since metals are considered to be a pharmacological target for the rationale design of new therapeutic agents directed towards the treatment of neurodegeneration. British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146, 1041–1059. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706416
AbstractList The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which are associated with the involvement of metal ions. In this review, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and prion disease are discussed, with the aim of identifying common trends underlying these devastating neurological conditions. Chelation therapy could be a valuable therapeutic approach, since metals are considered to be a pharmacological target for the rationale design of new therapeutic agents directed towards the treatment of neurodegeneration.
The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which are associated with the involvement of metal ions. In this review, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and prion disease are discussed, with the aim of identifying common trends underlying these devastating neurological conditions. Chelation therapy could be a valuable therapeutic approach, since metals are considered to be a pharmacological target for the rationale design of new therapeutic agents directed towards the treatment of neurodegeneration. British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146, 1041–1059. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706416
The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which are associated with the involvement of metal ions. In this review, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and prion disease are discussed, with the aim of identifying common trends underlying these devastating neurological conditions. Chelation therapy could be a valuable therapeutic approach, since metals are considered to be a pharmacological target for the rationale design of new therapeutic agents directed towards the treatment of neurodegeneration. British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146 , 1041–1059. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706416
Author Gaeta, Alessandra
Hider, Robert C
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Pharmacy, King's College, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Pharmacy, King's College, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Alessandra
  surname: Gaeta
  fullname: Gaeta, Alessandra
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Robert C
  surname: Hider
  fullname: Hider, Robert C
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17345976$$DView record in Pascal Francis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16205720$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqFkc1v1DAQxS1URLeFK0dkIcEtiz9jhwMSVECRKsGhnC3HO946ytqLnYD2v8erjShw6cmy32_ezPhdoLOYIiD0nJI1JVy_KcO6H_ZrokgraPsIrahQbSO5pmdoRQhRDaVan6OLUgZCqqjkE3ROW0akYmSF3O0dYJdnF-yIcxoBJ493MNVbSLHgEHGEOacNbCFCtlN9fYunWtTbEgr2KWOL9zntQglxe1Sy3cM8BYfLVHnYHp6ix96OBZ4t5yX6_unj7dV1c_P185er9zeNk7pVjfAdU9710BPmrRSaeC5I28uu31hJre060XaOeQGt2FhKPFHOe0J7kMz6nl-idyff_dzvYOMg1gFGs89hZ_PBJBvMv0oMd2abfhqqJGWCVIPXi0FOP2Yok6lbORhHGyHNxbRaa66IehCkikrOlK7gy__AIc051l8wrEKdkJRXaH2CXE6lZPB_RqbEHFM2ZTA1ZbOkXAte_L3oPb7EWoFXC2CLs6PPNrpQ7jnFhezU0YifuF9hhMMDbc2Hb9dMMsV_A1HHxL8
CODEN BJPCBM
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1007_s12035_015_9650_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_expneurol_2020_113314
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jphotochem_2017_10_043
crossref_primary_10_1039_D0MA00760A
crossref_primary_10_1080_13506120802006013
crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_200906670
crossref_primary_10_1002_biof_1121
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2016_12_045
crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_201705560
crossref_primary_10_1111_cbdd_12586
crossref_primary_10_1021_acssuschemeng_2c05263
crossref_primary_10_1021_acschemneuro_9b00295
crossref_primary_10_1369_jhc_6A7052_2007
crossref_primary_10_1002_jnr_21461
crossref_primary_10_1038_nchembio_107
crossref_primary_10_1039_b705199a
crossref_primary_10_1038_nchembio0909_609
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11164_022_04905_4
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1753_4887_2012_00521_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abb_2017_03_003
crossref_primary_10_1002_ajh_21101
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmgm_2017_10_022
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2014_03_026
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbiotec_2012_09_019
crossref_primary_10_1093_mtomcs_mfae019
crossref_primary_10_3390_antiox11010007
crossref_primary_10_1089_ars_2009_2628
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfluchem_2015_02_005
crossref_primary_10_1124_jpet_106_112987
crossref_primary_10_1002_marc_202000179
crossref_primary_10_1039_C8CS00034D
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00339_023_06901_w
crossref_primary_10_1089_ars_2012_4931
crossref_primary_10_1039_c3py00680h
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abb_2023_109618
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tins_2006_06_010
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10534_014_9790_z
crossref_primary_10_1039_c0mt00064g
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2017_06_002
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1863_2378_2009_01230_x
crossref_primary_10_3109_14756366_2010_529806
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00204_022_03287_1
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnmol_2019_00025
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm701225u
crossref_primary_10_1586_14787210_7_1_83
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40242_019_8244_0
crossref_primary_10_1093_mtomcs_mfac098
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_200800511
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2010_11_027
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22158022
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2007_01_078
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_poly_2013_04_007
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2011_08_008
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2009_12_062
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11011_019_00469_2
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11030_018_9878_4
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_cgd_9b01492
crossref_primary_10_3233_JAD_170601
crossref_primary_10_1002_VIW_20220064
crossref_primary_10_1021_ic902467h
crossref_primary_10_1039_c1mt00085c
crossref_primary_10_1080_10715760802270334
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma9090740
crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202208835
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2010_01_017
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2012_09_001
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12017_008_8046_x
crossref_primary_10_1039_c0dt00453g
crossref_primary_10_1002_fsn3_1978
crossref_primary_10_1002_med_21631
crossref_primary_10_1039_C4AN01528B
crossref_primary_10_1074_jbc_M709634200
crossref_primary_10_1096_fj_07_8386com
crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_8b09867
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1582_4934_2008_00595_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2007_10_019
crossref_primary_10_3390_md13063531
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2015_09_034
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2016_05_012
crossref_primary_10_1042_BJ20070579
crossref_primary_10_1021_ja803494v
crossref_primary_10_1111_acel_13119
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pscychresns_2022_111496
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2009_07_026
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2010_07036_x
crossref_primary_10_1021_acschemneuro_3c00679
crossref_primary_10_1002_syn_20683
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2009_11_005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2017_06_008
crossref_primary_10_1002_zaac_201100137
crossref_primary_10_1080_10715760600693422
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_6b02558
crossref_primary_10_1155_2012_983245
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2012_11_022
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10534_006_9033_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bmc_2010_12_007
crossref_primary_10_1186_1755_8794_2_2
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2006_03989_x
crossref_primary_10_3390_md8072117
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pnpbp_2006_07_010
crossref_primary_10_1080_10408398_2024_2357701
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_algal_2020_101980
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40846_024_00865_9
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11064_007_9346_5
crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_200906670
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ab_2015_12_014
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pscychresns_2024_111807
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm8001247
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_78008_8
crossref_primary_10_1002_jcb_22617
crossref_primary_10_1248_bpb_33_1938
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbapap_2009_11_012
crossref_primary_10_2174_2452271606666221117163317
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm070800l
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00249_022_01605_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mam_2012_09_001
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0217801
crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm9040966
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10571_012_9815_5
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mcn_2014_08_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2012_01_059
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21165735
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuint_2012_04_018
crossref_primary_10_1039_b802242a
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2022_863901
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10811_014_0369_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2017_05_048
crossref_primary_10_2217_14796708_3_4_447
crossref_primary_10_1039_c2dt12159j
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bcp_2017_12_001
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12017_009_8088_8
crossref_primary_10_2478_v10007_011_0006_6
crossref_primary_10_3390_nano9020279
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2011_09_006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tetlet_2018_09_028
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiolchem_2016_12_012
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2008_05332_x
crossref_primary_10_1128_mBio_02350_20
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dyepig_2022_110304
crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_neuro_30_051606_094232
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2011_05_021
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2008_12_005
crossref_primary_10_1097_01_rmr_0000245455_59912_40
crossref_primary_10_1038_cdd_2009_203
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_12_082
crossref_primary_10_1051_medsci_20072389741
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2008_01_033
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2023_112159
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molstruc_2016_08_042
crossref_primary_10_1586_ern_11_170
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_inorgchem_1c01175
crossref_primary_10_1089_ars_2009_2574
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jrras_2013_10_007
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2022_114242
crossref_primary_10_1089_ars_2016_6848
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_analchem_6b03039
crossref_primary_10_1080_21553769_2015_1044129
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejpb_2006_11_019
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1552_6569_2011_00622_x
crossref_primary_10_1515_ijfe_2013_0045
crossref_primary_10_33462_jotaf_1095631
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm7009364
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2017_02_020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_permed_2011_08_001
crossref_primary_10_1039_D3SD00346A
crossref_primary_10_3390_md15040089
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2014_04_012
crossref_primary_10_1039_C6DT00628K
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sajb_2017_03_036
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ica_2017_07_028
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_indcrop_2015_08_061
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtemb_2018_01_005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2016_04_013
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10811_013_0098_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2019_110929
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00216_012_6425_5
crossref_primary_10_1039_B919237A
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biocel_2007_01_012
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nurt_2007_05_006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ibneur_2023_11_003
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm9007938
crossref_primary_10_1097_00008877_200609000_00008
crossref_primary_10_1002_tox_22009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11011_021_00892_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ica_2013_12_026
crossref_primary_10_1517_14728214_13_2_255
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2018_01017
crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_201103605
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2017_00657
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11094_022_02676_1
crossref_primary_10_1039_b926659c
crossref_primary_10_1021_jm901618d
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0012030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bcab_2024_103059
crossref_primary_10_1021_cr9000176
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molstruc_2009_09_047
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_201402718
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2019_110716
crossref_primary_10_1179_135100008X259213
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_spen_2006_08_008
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_inorgchem_6b00641
crossref_primary_10_1080_19336896_2015_1019194
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2006_11_008
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21218285
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_202400356
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_poly_2013_02_010
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_str_2023_01_011
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tox_2013_05_011
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12640_010_9235_6
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0031024
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms222111584
crossref_primary_10_1002_cmdc_201100140
crossref_primary_10_1107_S0108270112051372
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12030_006_0002_y
crossref_primary_10_1196_annals_1404_008
crossref_primary_10_4137_IJTR_S4321
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2008_07_001
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12011_018_1380_4
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_201200198
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_analchem_8b01982
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00775_019_01700_2
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10534_016_9988_3
crossref_primary_10_1021_acschemneuro_7b00478
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cbi_2010_04_010
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsomega_0c02627
crossref_primary_10_3923_rjb_2017_23_31
crossref_primary_10_1002_med_20148
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11064_008_9602_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dyepig_2019_107696
crossref_primary_10_1039_c1pp05204g
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cbpa_2007_01_678
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1471_4159_2010_06771_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2008_09_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtemb_2011_08_144
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00216_008_1866_6
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40495_022_00307_7
crossref_primary_10_1517_21678707_2015_1067137
crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202004303
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms20081829
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainresrev_2008_01_001
crossref_primary_10_1096_fj_09_130047
crossref_primary_10_1111_jnc_15978
crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules25215044
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0000925
crossref_primary_10_1002_jps_21583
crossref_primary_10_1021_ic1016752
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiolchem_2020_107267
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2020_06_274
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2018_02_084
crossref_primary_10_1080_15287394_2011_618979
crossref_primary_10_1039_C4DT03151B
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1000336
crossref_primary_10_1002_jbio_202000479
crossref_primary_10_1002_pmic_200700895
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tox_2009_09_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2007_09_001
crossref_primary_10_3109_13880209_2015_1123278
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuro_2011_07_008
crossref_primary_10_1021_am506262u
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2023_215328
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodchem_2011_08_047
crossref_primary_10_1089_ars_2013_5754
crossref_primary_10_3233_ADR_170027
crossref_primary_10_1586_14737175_6_5_711
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_202300061
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuint_2009_12_002
crossref_primary_10_1042_BJ20070823
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11678_009_0044_6
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0011252
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4985921
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2019_00331
crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics12121246
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2022_114216
crossref_primary_10_1021_cr100186d
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12035_016_9879_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2011_07_004
crossref_primary_10_1002_med_20174
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_6b00065
crossref_primary_10_1080_14786419_2015_1107555
crossref_primary_10_1051_fruits_2014006
crossref_primary_10_3390_antiox3020288
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10895_024_03646_4
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10822_020_00322_0
Cites_doi 10.1021/jm010817i
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-08-03090.2002
10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01621.x
10.1126/science.276.5319.1709
10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00100-3
10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01419-7
10.1007/BF01244786
10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00317-8
10.1002/1531-8249(199912)46:6<860::AID-ANA8>3.0.CO;2-M
10.1073/pnas.90.23.10962
10.1056/NEJM200105173442006
10.1126/science.1072994
10.1002/mds.870110305
10.1111/j.1750-3639.1996.tb00796.x
10.1038/nrd1013
10.1016/0163-7258(94)90055-8
10.1016/0378-4274(95)03606-7
10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00050-4
10.1007/BF01860662
10.1016/S1471-4914(01)02173-6
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10990.x
10.1016/S0361-9230(03)00179-5
10.1006/jmbi.1999.2990
10.1016/0921-8734(92)90042-N
10.2174/1389450033346957
10.1042/bj3620253
10.1006/jsbi.2000.4285
10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00295-8
10.1006/exnr.1997.6505
10.1016/j.abb.2003.08.015
10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02907-3
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69031326.x
10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00513-5
10.1016/S0959-440X(99)00049-4
10.1001/jama.225.4.395
10.1073/pnas.97.9.4897
10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00453-1
10.1016/0092-8674(87)90150-4
10.1074/jbc.271.34.20291
10.1093/brain/112.1.133
10.1016/0140-6736(91)92978-B
10.1016/0092-8674(83)90168-X
10.1038/416535a
10.1016/0197-4580(95)00013-5
10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00019-2
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-20-08876.1999
10.1038/ng0298-106
10.1074/jbc.M205659200
10.1007/3-540-13099-3_2
10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X
10.1016/j.tins.2003.08.009
10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00031-3
10.1016/j.sbi.2003.12.002
10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00120-3
10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00092-6
10.1093/hmg/9.2.275
10.1073/pnas.95.23.13363
10.1073/pnas.90.23.11282
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb09841.x
10.1016/S0892-0362(02)00218-0
10.1016/S0304-3940(02)01254-5
10.1016/S0140-6736(00)05110-2
10.1038/416507a
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09133.x
10.1002/med.1027
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08350.x
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65020717.x
10.1126/science.271.5254.1423
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb11759.x
10.1001/archneur.1972.00490080015001
10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70363-1
10.1002/ana.410300410
10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01001-7
10.1073/pnas.95.11.6448
10.1042/cs0710071
10.1016/0140-6736(90)92962-H
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.01.005
10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00149-7
10.1016/0006-291X(89)91141-8
10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77755-0
10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30064-1
10.1016/j.brainres.2003.09.014
10.1111/j.1600-0749.2004.00165_1.x
10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00551-7
10.1016/S0165-0173(03)00174-7
10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02338-4
10.1001/archneur.59.11.1737
10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03893-3
10.1074/jbc.M010907200
10.2165/00002512-199914020-00004
10.1093/brain/103.2.281
10.1021/bi990438f
10.1056/NEJM199403033300901
10.1038/230115a0
10.1146/annurev.med.53.082901.103909
10.1093/emboj/19.6.1180
10.1016/S0065-3233(01)57023-0
10.1007/978-3-7091-7094-6_9
10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2003.09.006
10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00186.x
10.1517/13543784.11.10.1407
10.1007/BF01277665
10.1016/0092-8674(93)90360-3
10.1016/S0301-0082(00)00015-0
10.1038/nature02261
10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00126-0
10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0752583.x
10.1021/bi0204185
10.1016/S0197-0186(02)00196-1
10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00959-0
10.1016/S0028-3908(01)00019-3
10.1074/jbc.271.34.20631
10.1016/B978-012525445-8/50006-0
10.1126/science.292.5521.1552
10.1002/mds.10305
10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00249-4
10.1136/bmj.299.6698.527-a
10.1038/3311
10.1126/science.276.5321.2045
10.1097/00005072-196507000-00003
10.1016/S0140-6736(71)92699-7
10.1038/37783
10.1054/jocn.2000.0766
10.1126/science.6801762
10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65184-X
10.1126/science.274.5284.99
10.1016/S0014-5793(01)03269-0
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06358.x
10.1096/fj.02-0314fje
10.1016/0304-4165(73)90019-6
10.1016/0304-3940(92)90355-B
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.09.005
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08170.x
10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-140.x
10.1016/0042-6822(88)90569-7
10.1042/bj3400821
10.1056/NEJMoa013128
10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51368.x
10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01749-5
10.1212/WNL.38.8.1285
10.1212/WNL.56.2.239
10.1002/bit.10347
10.1016/S0006-2952(03)00293-4
10.1038/nm0602-600
10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30218-4
10.1126/science.1675487
10.1016/S0887-8994(03)00004-3
10.1074/jbc.274.36.25945
10.1074/jbc.271.14.7965
10.2174/1381612033391649
10.1006/nbdi.2000.0290
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09150.x
10.1007/BF00691333
10.1023/A:1021832302524
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38923.x
10.3181/00379727-147-38444
10.1196/annals.1306.026
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2005 British Pharmacological Society
2006 INIST-CNRS
Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2005
Copyright 2005, Nature Publishing Group 2005 Nature Publishing Group
Copyright_xml – notice: 2005 British Pharmacological Society
– notice: 2006 INIST-CNRS
– notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2005
– notice: Copyright 2005, Nature Publishing Group 2005 Nature Publishing Group
DBID IQODW
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7QP
7RV
7TK
7X7
7XB
88E
8AO
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M7P
NAPCQ
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706416
DatabaseName Pascal-Francis
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals
Neurosciences Abstracts
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database
Biological Science Database
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
CrossRef
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Neurosciences Abstracts
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE - Academic
Neurosciences Abstracts
MEDLINE


ProQuest Central Student
CrossRef
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology
EISSN 1476-5381
EndPage 1059
ExternalDocumentID 958874221
10_1038_sj_bjp_0706416
16205720
17345976
BPH2527
Genre reviewArticle
Journal Article
Review
GroupedDBID ---
.3N
.55
.GJ
05W
0R~
1OC
23N
24P
2WC
31~
33P
36B
3O-
3SF
3V.
4.4
52U
52V
53G
5GY
6J9
7RV
7X7
8-0
8-1
88E
8AO
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8R4
8R5
8UM
A00
AAESR
AAEVG
AAHHS
AANLZ
AAONW
AASGY
AAXRX
AAZKR
ABCUV
ABDBF
ABPVW
ABQWH
ABUWG
ABXGK
ACAHQ
ACCFJ
ACCZN
ACFBH
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACGOF
ACMXC
ACPOU
ACPRK
ACXBN
ACXQS
ADBBV
ADBTR
ADEOM
ADIZJ
ADKYN
ADMGS
ADOZA
ADXAS
ADZMN
ADZOD
AEEZP
AEGXH
AEIGN
AEIMD
AENEX
AEQDE
AEUQT
AEUYR
AFBPY
AFFPM
AFGKR
AFKRA
AFPWT
AFRAH
AFZJQ
AHBTC
AHMBA
AIACR
AIAGR
AITYG
AIURR
AIWBW
AJBDE
ALAGY
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALUQN
AMBMR
AMYDB
AOIJS
ATUGU
AZBYB
AZVAB
B0M
BAFTC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BENPR
BFHJK
BHBCM
BHPHI
BKEYQ
BMXJE
BPHCQ
BRXPI
BVXVI
C45
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
DCZOG
DIK
DRFUL
DRMAN
DRSTM
DU5
E3Z
EAD
EAP
EAS
EBC
EBD
EBS
ECV
EJD
EMB
EMK
EMOBN
ENC
ESX
EX3
F5P
FUBAC
FYUFA
G-S
GODZA
GX1
H.X
HCIFZ
HGLYW
HMCUK
HYE
HZ~
J5H
KBYEO
LATKE
LEEKS
LH4
LITHE
LK8
LOXES
LSO
LUTES
LW6
LYRES
M1P
M7P
MEWTI
MK0
MRFUL
MRMAN
MRSTM
MSFUL
MSMAN
MSSTM
MXFUL
MXMAN
MXSTM
MY~
N9A
NAPCQ
NF~
O66
O9-
OIG
OK1
OVD
P2P
P2W
P4E
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
Q.N
Q2X
QB0
RIG
ROL
RPM
RWI
SJN
SUPJJ
SV3
TEORI
TR2
TUS
UKHRP
UPT
WBKPD
WH7
WHWMO
WIH
WIJ
WIK
WIN
WOHZO
WOW
WVDHM
WXSBR
X7M
XV2
Y6R
YHG
ZGI
ZXP
ZZTAW
~8M
~S-
08R
AAJUZ
AAPBV
AAUGY
AAVGM
ABCVL
ABHUG
ABPTK
ABWRO
ACXME
ADAWD
ADDAD
AFVGU
AGJLS
IQODW
ZA5
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7QP
7TK
7XB
8FK
AZQEC
DWQXO
GNUQQ
K9.
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c5867-4f927fcbeb02fa5480f3406b59bda51aa99469c2f4e64da10f07cff01be52afb3
IEDL.DBID RPM
ISSN 0007-1188
IngestDate Tue Sep 17 21:21:19 EDT 2024
Sat Aug 17 05:28:46 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 16 23:50:29 EDT 2024
Fri Sep 13 06:01:11 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 00:36:09 EDT 2024
Tue Aug 27 13:47:21 EDT 2024
Sun Oct 22 16:07:50 EDT 2023
Sat Aug 24 00:40:49 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 8
Keywords Oxidative stress
Metal ion
chelation therapy
Iron
Aggregation
Treatment
Neurodegeneration
protein aggregation
Amyloid
Degeneration
Aβ-amyloid
Copper
Prion protein
α-synuclein
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c5867-4f927fcbeb02fa5480f3406b59bda51aa99469c2f4e64da10f07cff01be52afb3
Notes ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
OpenAccessLink https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc1751240?pdf=render
PMID 16205720
PQID 217194513
PQPubID 42104
PageCount 19
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_1751240
proquest_miscellaneous_68883707
proquest_miscellaneous_17153278
proquest_journals_217194513
crossref_primary_10_1038_sj_bjp_0706416
pubmed_primary_16205720
pascalfrancis_primary_17345976
wiley_primary_10_1038_sj_bjp_0706416_BPH2527
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate December 2005
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2005-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2005
  text: December 2005
PublicationDecade 2000
PublicationPlace Oxford, UK
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Oxford, UK
– name: Basingstoke
– name: England
– name: London
PublicationTitle British journal of pharmacology
PublicationTitleAlternate Br J Pharmacol
PublicationYear 2005
Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Nature Publishing
Publisher_xml – name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
– name: Nature Publishing
References 1973; 225
1986; 71
1989; 112
2004; 25
1999; 293
1997; 276
2002; 11
2002; 277
1999; 46
1973
2000; 130
1998; 158
1992; 59
1988; 74
2003; 51
1994; 63
2001; 40
1998; 18
2001; 61
1990; 336
2000; 19
1965; 24
1984; 58
2000; 884
2000; 10
1995; 23
2000; 97
1999; 57
1986
1984
1982
2004; 1012
2001; 55
1998; 440
1998; 95
2001; 56
2003; 961
1971; 1
2001; 57
1999; 457
2003; 43
2003b; 426
1932; 199
1987; 51
2003; 336
1992; 142
2002; 6
2004; 46
2002; 8
1999; 340
2003; 37
1996
1999; 20
1988; 164
2002; 416
1999; 222
2002; 80
1991; 337
2001; 24
1996; 11
2001; 276
1989; 52
1995; 82–83
2003; 348
1989; 53
2002; 362
1999; 38
2000; 75
2003; 26
2003; 28
1971; 230
2001b; 54
1998; 4
1994; 724
1998; 75
2001; 30
1994; 330
2001; 344
2002; 59
19741989
1991; 56
1991; 57
2002; 53
1993; 61
2000; 9
2002; 510
2000; 41
2000; 7
2002; 359
2003; 13
2002; 514
1997a; 390
1992; 13
2003; 17
2003; 18
1974; 147
1992; 10
2003; 993
2003; 11
1997; 104
2002; 41
1993; 73
2000
2001; 292
1992; 275
1999; 19
1982; 216
2002b; 232
2002; 45
1995; 65
2003; 9
1999; 14
1999; 12
2000; 62
1977; 615
2003; 4
2001a; 76
2001; 14
1996; 6
1980; 103
2001; 122
1991; 252
2003; 418
1984; 80
2003a; 2
1974; 31
1989; 299
1995; 16
2002; 297
1991; 30
1995; 13
1997; 69
2002; 33
1993; 90
1973; 329
1997b; 146
1983; 35
1994; 43
1972; 26
2004; 98
1988; 2
1998; 38
2002a; 22
1991; 28
2001; 7
2004; 17
2002; 23
1989; 163
2004; 14
2002; 24
2002; 22
1999; 274
1996; 271
1996; 274
1999; 155
2003; 61
1994; 3
2001; 357
1981; 54
2003; 66
e_1_2_7_108_1
BONILLA E. (e_1_2_7_14_1) 2000; 41
e_1_2_7_127_1
e_1_2_7_7_1
e_1_2_7_19_1
e_1_2_7_60_1
e_1_2_7_83_1
e_1_2_7_100_1
e_1_2_7_123_1
e_1_2_7_15_1
e_1_2_7_41_1
e_1_2_7_64_1
e_1_2_7_87_1
e_1_2_7_11_1
e_1_2_7_45_1
e_1_2_7_68_1
e_1_2_7_161_1
e_1_2_7_26_1
e_1_2_7_49_1
e_1_2_7_142_1
e_1_2_7_165_1
e_1_2_7_146_1
e_1_2_7_169_1
YOKEL R.A. (e_1_2_7_170_1) 1995; 23
ROSE F.C. (e_1_2_7_136_1) 1984; 80
e_1_2_7_116_1
e_1_2_7_90_1
e_1_2_7_112_1
e_1_2_7_94_1
e_1_2_7_71_1
e_1_2_7_52_1
e_1_2_7_98_1
e_1_2_7_23_1
e_1_2_7_33_1
e_1_2_7_75_1
e_1_2_7_56_1
e_1_2_7_150_1
e_1_2_7_37_1
e_1_2_7_79_1
e_1_2_7_173_1
ZECCA L. (e_1_2_7_174_1) 2001; 54
e_1_2_7_131_1
OLANOW C.W. (e_1_2_7_114_1) 1992; 10
e_1_2_7_154_1
e_1_2_7_135_1
e_1_2_7_158_1
e_1_2_7_139_1
e_1_2_7_109_1
e_1_2_7_4_1
e_1_2_7_128_1
e_1_2_7_105_1
e_1_2_7_8_1
e_1_2_7_124_1
e_1_2_7_16_1
e_1_2_7_40_1
e_1_2_7_82_1
e_1_2_7_120_1
e_1_2_7_63_1
e_1_2_7_12_1
e_1_2_7_44_1
e_1_2_7_86_1
e_1_2_7_67_1
e_1_2_7_48_1
e_1_2_7_143_1
e_1_2_7_29_1
e_1_2_7_166_1
e_1_2_7_147_1
e_1_2_7_117_1
CHETLEY A. (e_1_2_7_35_1) 1986
e_1_2_7_113_1
e_1_2_7_51_1
e_1_2_7_70_1
e_1_2_7_93_1
WARSHAWSKY B. (e_1_2_7_162_1) 2000
e_1_2_7_24_1
e_1_2_7_32_1
e_1_2_7_55_1
e_1_2_7_74_1
e_1_2_7_97_1
e_1_2_7_20_1
e_1_2_7_36_1
e_1_2_7_59_1
e_1_2_7_78_1
e_1_2_7_151_1
e_1_2_7_132_1
e_1_2_7_155_1
e_1_2_7_159_1
e_1_2_7_5_1
e_1_2_7_106_1
e_1_2_7_129_1
e_1_2_7_9_1
e_1_2_7_102_1
e_1_2_7_125_1
YOUDIM M.B.H. (e_1_2_7_171_1) 1994; 43
e_1_2_7_62_1
e_1_2_7_81_1
e_1_2_7_121_1
e_1_2_7_13_1
e_1_2_7_43_1
e_1_2_7_66_1
e_1_2_7_85_1
e_1_2_7_47_1
e_1_2_7_89_1
e_1_2_7_140_1
e_1_2_7_163_1
e_1_2_7_144_1
e_1_2_7_167_1
e_1_2_7_148_1
e_1_2_7_118_1
e_1_2_7_73_1
MACCHI G. (e_1_2_7_101_1) 1992; 13
e_1_2_7_110_1
e_1_2_7_50_1
e_1_2_7_92_1
BRION S. (e_1_2_7_17_1) 1973
e_1_2_7_25_1
e_1_2_7_31_1
e_1_2_7_77_1
e_1_2_7_96_1
e_1_2_7_21_1
e_1_2_7_58_1
e_1_2_7_152_1
e_1_2_7_39_1
e_1_2_7_175_1
e_1_2_7_133_1
e_1_2_7_156_1
e_1_2_7_137_1
e_1_2_7_6_1
BUSH A.I. (e_1_2_7_28_1) 1999; 20
e_1_2_7_107_1
e_1_2_7_80_1
e_1_2_7_126_1
e_1_2_7_103_1
SANCHEZ‐RAMOS J. (e_1_2_7_138_1) 1994; 3
e_1_2_7_18_1
e_1_2_7_84_1
e_1_2_7_122_1
COHEN A.S. (e_1_2_7_38_1) 1982
e_1_2_7_61_1
HOLANDER D. (e_1_2_7_76_1) 1988; 2
e_1_2_7_2_1
ADAMS J.H. (e_1_2_7_3_1) 1984
e_1_2_7_42_1
e_1_2_7_88_1
e_1_2_7_65_1
e_1_2_7_10_1
e_1_2_7_46_1
MARTELL A.E. (e_1_2_7_104_1) 1974
e_1_2_7_160_1
e_1_2_7_69_1
e_1_2_7_141_1
e_1_2_7_27_1
e_1_2_7_164_1
e_1_2_7_145_1
e_1_2_7_168_1
e_1_2_7_149_1
e_1_2_7_119_1
e_1_2_7_91_1
e_1_2_7_115_1
e_1_2_7_72_1
e_1_2_7_95_1
e_1_2_7_111_1
e_1_2_7_30_1
e_1_2_7_53_1
e_1_2_7_99_1
e_1_2_7_22_1
e_1_2_7_34_1
e_1_2_7_57_1
e_1_2_7_172_1
e_1_2_7_130_1
e_1_2_7_153_1
e_1_2_7_134_1
DOUBLE K.L. (e_1_2_7_54_1) 1999; 12
e_1_2_7_157_1
References_xml – volume: 90
  start-page: 11282
  year: 1993
  end-page: 11286
  article-title: Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding an unrecognised component of amyloid in Alzheimer disease
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 548
  year: 2001
  end-page: 554
  article-title: Evidence of oxidative damage in Alzheimer's disease brain: central role for amyloid ‐peptide
  publication-title: Trends Mol. Med.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 959
  year: 2001
  end-page: 975
  article-title: Oxidative stress induced‐neurodegenerative diseases: the need for antioxidants that penetrate the blood brain barrier
  publication-title: Neuropharmacology
– volume: 26
  start-page: 97
  year: 1972
  end-page: 108
  article-title: Pick's disease. A clinical and ultrastructural study
  publication-title: Arch. Neurol.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 446
  year: 1991
  end-page: 451
  article-title: Iron and aluminium increase in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease: an X‐ray microanalysis
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 961
  start-page: 139
  year: 2003
  end-page: 146
  article-title: A novel trivalent cation chelator Feralex dissociates binding of aluminum and iron associated with hyperphosphorylated of Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Br. Res.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 414
  year: 2001b
  end-page: 418
  article-title: Substantia nigra neuromelanin: structure, synthesis, and molecular behaviour
  publication-title: J. Clin. Pathol: Mol. Pathol.
– volume: 63
  start-page: 37
  year: 1994
  end-page: 122
  article-title: Oxidative stress: free radical production in neural degeneration
  publication-title: Pharmacol. Ther.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 63
  year: 1981
  end-page: 74
  article-title: Abnormal fibrils from scrapie‐infected brain
  publication-title: Acta Neuropathol. (Berlin)
– volume: 277
  start-page: 40810
  year: 2002
  end-page: 40815
  article-title: Structural and dynamic features of Alzheimer's A peptide in amyloid fibrils studied by site‐directed spin labelling
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1315
  year: 2004
  end-page: 1321
  article-title: The lipophilic metal chelator DP‐109 reduces amyloid pathology in brains of human ‐amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Aging
– volume: 2
  start-page: 154
  year: 2003a
  end-page: 160
  article-title: Protein folding and disease: a view from the first Horizon Symposium
  publication-title: Nat. Drug Disc.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 578
  year: 2003
  end-page: 580
  article-title: Neuromelanin of the substantia nigra: a neuronal black hole with protective and toxic characteristics
  publication-title: Trends Neurosc.
– volume: 514
  start-page: 159
  year: 2002
  end-page: 162
  article-title: PrP‐dependent cell adhesion in N2a neuroblastoma cells
  publication-title: FEBS Lett.
– volume: 69
  start-page: 1326
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1329
  article-title: A generalised increase in protein carbonyls in the brain of Parkinson's but not incidental Lewy body disease
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 28
  start-page: 335
  year: 2003
  end-page: 341
  article-title: Friedreich's ataxia
  publication-title: Ped. Neurol.
– volume: 232
  start-page: 151
  year: 2002b
  end-page: 171
  article-title: Design of iron chelators with therapeutic application
  publication-title: Coord. Chem. Rev.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1285
  year: 1998
  end-page: 1291
  article-title: Reactive microglia are positive for HLA‐DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease brains
  publication-title: Neurology
– volume: 3
  start-page: 197
  year: 1994
  end-page: 204
  article-title: A marker of oxyradical‐mediated DNA damage (8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxy‐guanoxine) is increased in nigro‐striatum of Parkinson's disease brain
  publication-title: Neurodegeneration
– volume: 329
  start-page: 156
  year: 1973
  end-page: 158
  article-title: Facilitation of Fe(II) autoxidation by Fe(III) complexing agents
  publication-title: Biochim. Biophys. Acta
– volume: 71
  start-page: 71
  year: 1986
  end-page: 80
  article-title: Lactulose, 51Cr‐labelled ethylenediaminetetra‐acetate, L‐rhamnose and polyethyleneglycol 400 [corrected] as probe markers for assessment of human intestinal permeability
  publication-title: Clin. Sci.
– volume: 230
  start-page: 115
  year: 1971
  end-page: 117
  article-title: Histopathological similarities between scrapie and cuprizone toxicity in mice
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 9
  start-page: 427
  year: 2003
  end-page: 447
  article-title: Emerging ‐amyloid therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Curr. Pharm. Des.
– volume: 440
  start-page: 67
  year: 1998
  end-page: 70
  article-title: Effects of the mutations Ala to Pro and Ala to Thr on the physical and morphological properties of ‐synuclein protein implicated in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: FEBS Lett.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1737
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1746
  article-title: Dementia and Alzheimer disease incidence: a prospective cohort study
  publication-title: Arch. Neurol.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 1318
  year: 1998
  end-page: 1320
  article-title: Accelerated fibril formation by mutant ‐synuclein linked to early‐onset Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1180
  year: 2000
  end-page: 1186
  article-title: Consequences of manganese replacement of copper for prion protein function and proteinase resistance
  publication-title: EMBO J.
– year: 1986
– volume: 276
  start-page: 1709
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1712
  article-title: Regulation of mitochondrial iron accumulation by Yfh1p, a putative homologue of frataxin
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 7
  start-page: 270
  year: 2000
  end-page: 273
  article-title: Evidence for oxidative stress in experimental prion disease
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Dis.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1163
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1170
  article-title: ‐Synuclein implicated in Parkinson's disease catalyses the formation of hydrogen peroxide
  publication-title: Free Radic. Biol. Med.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 127
  year: 1996
  end-page: 145
  article-title: Prion protein amyloidosis
  publication-title: Brain Pathol.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1609
  year: 1992
  end-page: 1623
  article-title: Reactive oxygen species and the central nervous system
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 285
  year: 2002
  end-page: 302
  article-title: Multiple sclerosis
  publication-title: Ann. Rev. Med.
– volume: 271
  start-page: 1423
  year: 1996
  end-page: 1427
  article-title: Friedreich's ataxia: autosomal recessive disease caused by an intronic GAA triplet repeat expansion
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1407
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1435
  article-title: Antioxidants as treatment for neurodegenerative disorders
  publication-title: Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs
– volume: 18
  start-page: 19
  year: 2003
  end-page: 31
  article-title: Systematic review of incidence studies of Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Mov. Disord.
– volume: 122
  start-page: 945
  year: 2001
  end-page: 962
  article-title: Brain oxidation in age‐related neurodegenerative disorders that are associated with aggregated proteins
  publication-title: Mech. Ageing Dev.
– volume: 348
  start-page: 1333
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1341
  article-title: Memantine in moderate‐to‐severe Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 97
  year: 2003
  end-page: 112
  article-title: A critical analysis of new molecular targets and strategies for drug developments in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Curr. Drug Targets
– volume: 993
  start-page: 192
  year: 2003
  end-page: 200
  article-title: Copper binding to PrP may inhibit prion disease propagation
  publication-title: Br. Res.
– volume: 271
  start-page: 20631
  year: 1996
  end-page: 20635
  article-title: Morphology and toxicity of A ‐(1‐42) dimmer derived from neuritic and vascular amyloid deposits of Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: J.Biol. Chem.
– volume: 340
  start-page: 821
  year: 1999
  end-page: 828
  article-title: Copper(II)‐induced self‐oligomerisation of ‐synuclein
  publication-title: Biochem. J.
– volume: 95
  start-page: 13363
  year: 1998
  end-page: 13383
  article-title: Prions
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
– volume: 58
  start-page: 49
  year: 1984
  end-page: 102
  article-title: Complexation of iron by siderophores: a review of their solution and structural chemistry and biological function
  publication-title: Top Curr. Chem.
– volume: 103
  start-page: 281
  year: 1980
  end-page: 300
  article-title: Course and prognosis of multiple sclerosis assessed by the computerized data processing of 349 patients
  publication-title: Brain
– volume: 344
  start-page: 1516
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1526
  article-title: Neurodegenerative diseases and prions
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
– volume: 76
  start-page: 1766
  year: 2001a
  end-page: 1773
  article-title: Iron, neuromelanin and ferritin content in the substantia nigra of normal subjects at different ages: consequences for iron storage and neurodegenerative processes
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 199
  start-page: 176
  year: 1932
  end-page: 185
  article-title: Untersuchung in des chinolin reihe
  publication-title: Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmacol.
– volume: 274
  start-page: 99
  year: 1996
  end-page: 102
  article-title: Correlative memory deficits, A elevation, and amyloid plaques in transgenic mice
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 95
  start-page: 6448
  year: 1998
  end-page: 6453
  article-title: Diffusible, nonfibrillar ligands derived from A are potent central nervous system neurotoxins
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
– volume: 73
  start-page: 1339
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1347
  article-title: Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 330
  start-page: 585
  year: 1994
  end-page: 591
  article-title: A controlled trial of riluzole in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS/Riluzole study group
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 860
  year: 1999
  end-page: 866
  article-title: Soluble pool of A amyloid as a determinant of severity of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Ann. Neurol.
– volume: 112
  start-page: 133
  year: 1989
  end-page: 146
  article-title: The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability
  publication-title: Brain
– volume: 252
  start-page: 1515
  year: 1991
  end-page: 1522
  article-title: Molecular biology of prion disease
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1
  year: 2004
  end-page: 8
  article-title: Progress towards a molecular‐level structural understanding of amyloid fibrils
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol.
– volume: 884
  start-page: 98
  year: 2000
  end-page: 103
  article-title: Increased ferric iron content and iron‐induced oxidative stress in the brains of scrapie‐infected mice
  publication-title: Br. Res.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 254
  year: 2004
  end-page: 263
  article-title: Neuroprotection by a novel brain permeable iron chelator, VK‐28, against 6‐hydroxydopamine lesion in rats
  publication-title: Neuropharmacology
– volume: 33
  start-page: 611
  year: 2002
  end-page: 619
  article-title: Lipofuscin: mechanisms of age‐related accumulation and influence on cell function
  publication-title: Free Rad. Biol. Med.
– volume: 615
  start-page: 1
  year: 1977
  end-page: 36
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1305
  year: 1999
  end-page: 1310
  article-title: Investigation into the correlation between the structure of hydroxypyridinones and blood–brain barrier permeability
  publication-title: Biochem. Pharmacol.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 106
  year: 1998
  end-page: 108
  article-title: AlaSOPro mutation in the gene encoding ‐synuclein in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Nat. Genet.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 484
  year: 2000
  end-page: 494
  article-title: Treatment of Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: J. Clin. Neurosci.
– volume: 276
  start-page: 10737
  year: 2001
  end-page: 10744
  article-title: Metal‐triggered structural transformations, aggregation and fibrillation of human ‐synuclein
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 216
  start-page: 136
  year: 1982
  end-page: 144
  article-title: Novel proteinaceous infectious particles cause scrapie
  publication-title: Science
– start-page: 165
  year: 1982
  end-page: 205
– volume: 24
  start-page: 398
  year: 1965
  end-page: 414
  article-title: Phase and electron microscopic observations of Lewy bodies and melanin granules in the substantia nigra and Locus caeruleus in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol.
– volume: 276
  start-page: 2045
  year: 1997
  end-page: 2047
  article-title: Mutation in the ‐synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 359
  start-page: 1221
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1231
  article-title: Multiple sclerosis
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 52
  start-page: 515
  year: 1989
  end-page: 520
  article-title: Transition metals, ferritin, glutathione and ascorbic acid in Parkinsonian brains
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 692
  year: 1989
  end-page: 697
  article-title: A selective increase in a particular superoxide dismutase activity in Parkinsonian substantia nigra
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 219
  year: 2001
  end-page: 224
  article-title: Targeting small A oligomers: the solution to an Alzheimer's disease conundrum
  publication-title: Trends Neurosci.
– volume: 97
  start-page: 4897
  year: 2000
  end-page: 4902
  article-title: Fiber diffraction of synthetic ‐synuclein filaments shows amyloid‐like cross ‐conformation
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
– volume: 416
  start-page: 535
  year: 2002
  end-page: 539
  article-title: Naturally secreted oligomers of amyloid protein potently inhibit hippocampal long‐term potentiation
  publication-title: Nature
– year: 1984
– volume: 1012
  start-page: 326
  year: 2004
  end-page: 341
  article-title: Novel chelators for central nervous system disorders that involve alterations in the metabolism of iron and other metal ions
  publication-title: Ann. NY Acad. Sci.
– volume: 28
  start-page: 41
  year: 1991
  end-page: 173
  article-title: Clinically useful chelators of tripositive elements
  publication-title: Prog. Med. Chem.
– volume: 52
  start-page: 381
  year: 1989
  end-page: 389
  article-title: Increased nigral iron content and alterations in other metal ions occurring in brain in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 457
  start-page: 18
  year: 1999
  end-page: 22
  article-title: The structure of neuromelanin and its iron binding site studied by infrared spectroscopy
  publication-title: FEBS Lett.
– start-page: 55
  year: 1996
  end-page: 69
– volume: 274
  start-page: 25945
  year: 1999
  end-page: 25952
  article-title: Amyloid protein fibrillogenesis: structure and biological activity of protofibrillar intermediates
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1
  year: 2003
  end-page: 16
  article-title: Amyloid‐ : a chameleon walking in two worlds: a review of the trophic and toxic properties of amyloid‐
  publication-title: Brain Res. Rev.
– volume: 225
  start-page: 395
  year: 1973
  end-page: 397
  article-title: The neurotoxicity of the halogenated hydroxyquinolines
  publication-title: JAMA
– volume: 14
  start-page: 115
  year: 1999
  end-page: 140
  article-title: The role of iron in neurodegeneration: prospects for pharmacology of Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Drugs Aging
– volume: 17
  start-page: 500
  year: 2003
  end-page: 502
  article-title: Activation of microglia by human neuromelanin is NF‐ B‐dependent and involves p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase: implications for Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: FASEB J.
– volume: 75
  start-page: 2583
  year: 2000
  end-page: 2589
  article-title: Structural characteristics of human substantia nigra neuromelanin and synthetic dopamine melanins
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 299
  start-page: 527
  year: 1989
  end-page: 528
  article-title: Ridding the world of hydroxyquinolines
  publication-title: Br. Med. J.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 119
  year: 1995
  end-page: 146
  article-title: The natural history of multiple sclerosis
  publication-title: Neurol. Clin.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 621
  year: 2002
  end-page: 628
  article-title: Influence of neuromelanin on oxidative pathways within the human substantia nigra
  publication-title: Neurotox. Teratol.
– volume: 336
  start-page: 159
  year: 2003
  end-page: 162
  article-title: Copper‐dependent generation of hydrogen peroxide from the toxic prion protein fragment PrP106‐126
  publication-title: Neurosci. Lett.
– volume: 271
  start-page: 7965
  year: 1996
  end-page: 7972
  article-title: The environment of the lipoxygenase iron binding site explored with novel hydroxypyridinone iron chelators
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 90
  start-page: 10962
  year: 1993
  end-page: 10966
  article-title: Conversion of ‐helices ‐sheets features in the formation of the scrapie prion proteins
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
– volume: 22
  start-page: 3090
  year: 2002
  end-page: 3099
  article-title: A role for ‐synuclein in the regulation of dopamine synthesis
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1
  year: 2003
  end-page: 7
  article-title: Neurodegenerative disorders of protein aggregation
  publication-title: Neurochem. Internat.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 600
  year: 2002
  end-page: 606
  article-title: Dopamine‐dependent neurotoxicity of ‐synuclein: a mechanism for selective neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 62
  start-page: 633
  year: 2000
  end-page: 648
  article-title: The role of oxidative stress in the toxicity induced by amyloid ‐peptide in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Prog. Neurobiol.
– start-page: 421
  year: 1973
  end-page: 452
– volume: 158
  start-page: 47
  year: 1998
  end-page: 52
  article-title: Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer's disease senile plaques
  publication-title: J. Neurol. Sci.
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1609
  year: 1991
  end-page: 1614
  article-title: Iron melanin interaction and lipid peroxidation: implications for Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 130
  start-page: 209
  year: 2000
  end-page: 216
  article-title: Chelation and intercalation: complementary properties in a compound for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: J. Struct. Biol.
– volume: 271
  start-page: 20291
  year: 1996
  end-page: 20299
  article-title: The relationship of intracellular iron chelation to the inhibition and regeneration of human ribonucleotide reductase
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 416
  start-page: 501
  year: 2002
  end-page: 511
  article-title: Inherent toxicity of aggregates implies a common mechanism for protein misfolding diseases
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 418
  start-page: 169
  year: 2003
  end-page: 178
  article-title: Challenges and complexities of ‐synuclein toxicity: new postulates in unfolding the mystery associated with Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 35A
  year: 1988
  end-page: 38A
  article-title: Importance of probe molecular geometry in determining intestinal permeability
  publication-title: Can. J. Gastroenterol.
– volume: 37
  start-page: 899
  year: 2003
  end-page: 909
  article-title: Genetic or pharmacological iron chelation prevents MPTP‐induced neurotoxicity : a novel therapy for Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 337
  start-page: 1304
  year: 1991
  end-page: 1308
  article-title: Effect of desferrioxamine on the clinical progress of Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1080
  year: 1992
  end-page: 1089
  article-title: Is the vulnerability of neurons in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease related to their neuromelanin content
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 275
  start-page: 395
  year: 1992
  end-page: 403
  article-title: A novel hypothesis of lipofuscinogenesis and cellular aging based on interactions between oxidative stress and autophagocytosis
  publication-title: Mut. Res.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 113
  issue: (Suppl.)
  year: 1994
  end-page: 122
  article-title: The enigma of neuromelanin in Parkinsonian substantia nigra
  publication-title: J. Neural. Transm.
– volume: 41
  start-page: 15436
  year: 2002
  end-page: 15450
  article-title: Sopramolecular structural constraints on Alzheimer's ‐amyloid fibrils from electron microscopy and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance
  publication-title: Biochemistry
– volume: 61
  start-page: 285
  year: 2001
  end-page: 290
  article-title: Structure–activity investigation of the inhibition of 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐ones on mammalian tyrosine hydroxylase
  publication-title: Biochem. Pharmacol.
– volume: 22
  start-page: 545
  year: 2002
  end-page: 563
  article-title: ‐Amyloid production, aggregation and clearance as targets for therapy in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Cell. Mol. Neurobiol.
– volume: 80
  start-page: 137
  issue: (Suppl. 100)
  year: 1984
  end-page: 145
  article-title: Clioquinol neurotoxicity: an overview
  publication-title: Acta Neurol. Scand.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 275
  year: 2000
  end-page: 282
  article-title: Clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic correlations in Friedreich's ataxia
  publication-title: Hum. Mol. Gen.
– volume: 74
  start-page: 199
  year: 1988
  end-page: 205
  article-title: Increased iron(III) and total iron content in post mortem, substantia nigra of parkinsonian brain
  publication-title: J. Neural Trans.
– volume: 292
  start-page: 1552
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1555
  article-title: Impairment of the ubiquitin‐proteosome system by protein aggregation
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 16
  start-page: 285
  year: 1995
  end-page: 298
  article-title: Correlations of synaptic and pathological markers with cognition of the elderly
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Aging
– volume: 82–83
  start-page: 961
  year: 1995
  end-page: 967
  article-title: Potential protection from toxicity by oral iron chelators
  publication-title: Toxicol. Lett.
– volume: 31
  start-page: 521
  year: 1974
  end-page: 582
  article-title: Structure, chemistry and biosynthesis of the melanins
  publication-title: Fortschr. Chem.Org. Naturst
– volume: 17
  start-page: 422
  year: 2004
  end-page: 424
  article-title: The chemical structure of melanin
  publication-title: Pigm. Cell Res.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 489
  year: 2003
  end-page: 494
  article-title: Iron‐binding characteristics of neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra
  publication-title: Biochem. Pharmacol.
– volume: 80
  start-page: 50
  year: 2002
  end-page: 59
  article-title: Development of a novel diffusion‐based method to estimate the size of the aggregated A species responsible for neurotoxicity
  publication-title: Biotechnol. Bioeng.
– volume: 357
  start-page: 2026
  year: 2001
  end-page: 2028
  article-title: Plasminogen binds to disease‐associated prion protein of multiple species
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 1
  start-page: 696
  year: 1971
  end-page: 697
  article-title: Neurological syndrome associated with clioquinol
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 142
  start-page: 128
  year: 1992
  end-page: 130
  article-title: Reduced and oxidized glutathione in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Neurosci. Lett.
– volume: 57
  start-page: 203
  year: 2001
  end-page: 228
  article-title: Biosynthesis and cellular processing of the prion protein
  publication-title: Advan. Protein Chem.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 97
  year: 1992
  end-page: 103
  article-title: An and post mortem MRI study in multiple sclerosis with pathological correlation
  publication-title: Ital. J. Neurol. Sci.
– volume: 163
  start-page: 1450
  year: 1989
  end-page: 1455
  article-title: Deficiencies in Complex I subunits of the respiratory chain in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
– volume: 336
  start-page: 1275
  year: 1990
  end-page: 1279
  article-title: Comparison of oral iron chelator L1 and desferrioxamine in iron‐loaded patients
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 426
  start-page: 884
  year: 2003b
  end-page: 890
  article-title: Protein folding and misfolding
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 20
  start-page: 335
  year: 1999
  end-page: 337
  article-title: The possible origin of free radicals from amyloid ‐peptides in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Ageing
– volume: 98
  start-page: 133
  year: 2004
  end-page: 143
  article-title: Copper(II) complexes of peptide fragments of the prion protein. Conformation changes induced by copper(II) and the binding motif in C‐terminal protein region
  publication-title: J. Inorg. Biochem.
– volume: 41
  start-page: 117
  year: 2000
  end-page: 141
  article-title: Huntington disease. A review
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 47
  year: 2001
  end-page: 56
  article-title: Cellular and subcellular morphological localization of normal prion protein in rodent cerebellum
  publication-title: Eur. J. Neurosci.
– volume: 724
  start-page: 327
  year: 1994
  end-page: 330
  article-title: Infection‐specific prion protein (PrP) accumulates on neuronal plasmalemma in scrapie‐infected mice
  publication-title: Ann. NY Acad. Sci.
– volume: 65
  start-page: 717
  year: 1995
  end-page: 724
  article-title: A quantitative analysis of isoferritins in select regions of aged, parkinsonian and Alzheimer's diseased brains
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 222
  start-page: 236
  year: 1999
  end-page: 245
  article-title: Antioxidants, oxidative stress, and degenerative neurological disorders
  publication-title: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
– volume: 362
  start-page: 253
  year: 2002
  end-page: 258
  article-title: Metal imbalance and compromised antioxidant function are early changes in prion disease
  publication-title: Biochem. J.
– volume: 164
  start-page: 537
  year: 1988
  end-page: 541
  article-title: Scrapie prion liposomes and rods exhibit target sizes of 55,000 Da
  publication-title: Virology
– volume: 10
  start-page: 405
  year: 1992
  end-page: 420
  article-title: Magnetic resonance imaging in parkinsonism
  publication-title: Neurol. Clin. North Am.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 239
  year: 2001
  end-page: 244
  article-title: Incidence of ALS in Italy. Evidence for a uniform frequency in Western countries
  publication-title: Neurology
– volume: 510
  start-page: 216
  year: 2002
  end-page: 220
  article-title: The absolute concentration of nigral neuromelanin, assayed by a new sensitive method, increases throughout the life and is dramatically decreased in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: FEBS Lett.
– volume: 35
  start-page: 349
  year: 1983
  end-page: 358
  article-title: Scrapie prions aggregate to form amyloid‐like birefringent rods
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 61
  start-page: 365
  year: 2003
  end-page: 374
  article-title: Neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the role of oxidative stress and altered homeostasis of metals
  publication-title: Br. Res. Bull.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 665
  year: 2001
  end-page: 676
  article-title: Treatment with a copper‐zinc chelator markedly and rapidly inhibits b‐amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 297
  start-page: 353
  year: 2002
  end-page: 356
  article-title: The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 147
  start-page: 813
  year: 1974
  end-page: 816
  article-title: Lipid solubility and drug penetration of the blood‐brain barrier
  publication-title: Proc. Soc. Expt. Bio. Med.
– volume: 10
  start-page: 60
  year: 2000
  end-page: 80
  article-title: Amyloid fibrillogenesis: themes and variations
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol.
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1965
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1968
  article-title: Characterisation of amyloid peptide from human cerebrospinal fluid
  publication-title: J. Neurochem.
– volume: 55
  start-page: 165
  year: 2001
  end-page: 173
  article-title: Copper and prion disease
  publication-title: Br. Res. Bull.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 333
  year: 1999
  end-page: 340
  article-title: Significance of neuromelanin for neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Drug News Dev.
– volume: 390
  start-page: 684
  year: 1997a
  end-page: 687
  article-title: The cellular prion protein binds copper
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 11
  start-page: 243
  year: 1996
  end-page: 249
  article-title: Basal ganglia iron content in Parkinson's disease measured with magnetic resonance
  publication-title: Mov. Disord.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 229
  year: 1987
  end-page: 240
  article-title: Scrapie prion protein contains a phosphatidylinositol glycolipid
  publication-title: Cell
– volume: 146
  start-page: 104
  year: 1997b
  end-page: 112
  article-title: Prion protein‐deficient cells show altered response to oxidative stress due to decreases SOD‐1 activity
  publication-title: Exp. Neurol.
– year: 19741989
– volume: 293
  start-page: 313
  year: 1999
  end-page: 320
  article-title: Protein misfolding and prion diseases
  publication-title: J. Mol. Biol.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 795
  year: 2002
  end-page: 807
  article-title: Oxidative stress in brain aging. Implications for therapeutics of neurodegenerative diseases
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Aging
– volume: 13
  start-page: 526
  year: 2003
  end-page: 532
  article-title: Design strategies for anti‐amyloid agents
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Struc. Biol.
– volume: 104
  start-page: 469
  year: 1997
  end-page: 481
  article-title: Desferrioxamine and vitamin E protect against iron and MPTP‐induced neurodegeneration in mice
  publication-title: J. Neural Transm.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 1031
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1038
  article-title: Metal complexing agents as therapies for Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Ageing
– volume: 75
  start-page: 3135
  year: 1998
  end-page: 3142
  article-title: X‐ray absorption fine‐structure spectroscopy studies of Fe sites in natural human neuromelanin and synthetic analogues
  publication-title: Biophys. J.
– volume: 22
  start-page: 26
  year: 2002a
  end-page: 64
  article-title: Design of clinically useful iron(III)‐selective chelators
  publication-title: Med. Res. Rev.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 7609
  year: 1999
  end-page: 7616
  article-title: The A peptide of Alzheimer's disease directly produces hydrogen peroxide through metal ion reduction
  publication-title: Biochemistry
– volume: 155
  start-page: 853
  year: 1999
  end-page: 862
  article-title: Soluble amyloid ‐peptide concentration as a predictor of synaptic change in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Am. J. Pathol.
– year: 2000
  article-title: Pharmaceutical compositions compromising iron chelators for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and some novel iron chelators
  publication-title: International Publication number WO 00/74664A2
– volume: 30
  start-page: 572
  year: 1991
  end-page: 580
  article-title: Physical basis of cognitive alterations in Alzheimer's disease: synapse loss is the major correlate of cognitive impairment
  publication-title: Ann. Neurol.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 187
  year: 2002
  end-page: 192
  article-title: Metal ions and prion disease
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol.
– volume: 45
  start-page: 631
  year: 2002
  end-page: 639
  article-title: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel 2‐substituted 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐ones: structure–activity investigation of metalloenzyme inhibition by iron chelators
  publication-title: J. Med. Chem.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 8876
  year: 1999
  end-page: 8884
  article-title: Protofibrillar intermediates of amyloid b‐protein induce acute electrophysiological changes and progressive neurotoxicity in cortical neurones
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1143
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1148
  article-title: Current status of metals as therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 1178
  year: 1995
  end-page: 1180
  article-title: Influence of lipophilicity on the bioavailability and disposition of orally active 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐one metal chelators
  publication-title: Drug Metab. Dispos.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 915
  year: 2003
  end-page: 926
  article-title: Structure and texture of fibrous crystals formed by Alzheimer's A (11–25) peptide fragment
  publication-title: Structure
– ident: e_1_2_7_97_1
  doi: 10.1021/jm010817i
– volume-title: Critical Stability Constant
  year: 1974
  ident: e_1_2_7_104_1
  contributor:
    fullname: MARTELL A.E.
– ident: e_1_2_7_122_1
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-08-03090.2002
– ident: e_1_2_7_90_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01621.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_8_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.276.5319.1709
– ident: e_1_2_7_105_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00100-3
– volume: 23
  start-page: 1178
  year: 1995
  ident: e_1_2_7_170_1
  article-title: Influence of lipophilicity on the bioavailability and disposition of orally active 3‐hydroxypyridin‐4‐one metal chelators
  publication-title: Drug Metab. Dispos.
  contributor:
    fullname: YOKEL R.A.
– ident: e_1_2_7_57_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01419-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_145_1
  doi: 10.1007/BF01244786
– ident: e_1_2_7_33_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00317-8
– ident: e_1_2_7_108_1
  doi: 10.1002/1531-8249(199912)46:6<860::AID-ANA8>3.0.CO;2-M
– ident: e_1_2_7_120_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.23.10962
– ident: e_1_2_7_128_1
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105173442006
– ident: e_1_2_7_66_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.1072994
– ident: e_1_2_7_169_1
  doi: 10.1002/mds.870110305
– ident: e_1_2_7_61_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.1996.tb00796.x
– volume: 80
  start-page: 137
  issue: 100
  year: 1984
  ident: e_1_2_7_136_1
  article-title: Clioquinol neurotoxicity: an overview
  publication-title: Acta Neurol. Scand.
  contributor:
    fullname: ROSE F.C.
– ident: e_1_2_7_50_1
  doi: 10.1038/nrd1013
– ident: e_1_2_7_62_1
  doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(94)90055-8
– ident: e_1_2_7_72_1
  doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03606-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_96_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00050-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_119_1
  doi: 10.1007/BF01860662
– ident: e_1_2_7_29_1
  doi: 10.1016/S1471-4914(01)02173-6
– ident: e_1_2_7_65_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10990.x
– volume: 41
  start-page: 117
  year: 2000
  ident: e_1_2_7_14_1
  article-title: Huntington disease. A review
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  contributor:
    fullname: BONILLA E.
– ident: e_1_2_7_32_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0361-9230(03)00179-5
– ident: e_1_2_7_39_1
  doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2990
– volume-title: Health Action International
  year: 1986
  ident: e_1_2_7_35_1
  contributor:
    fullname: CHETLEY A.
– ident: e_1_2_7_23_1
  doi: 10.1016/0921-8734(92)90042-N
– ident: e_1_2_7_89_1
  doi: 10.2174/1389450033346957
– ident: e_1_2_7_149_1
  doi: 10.1042/bj3620253
– ident: e_1_2_7_34_1
  doi: 10.1006/jsbi.2000.4285
– ident: e_1_2_7_94_1
  doi: 10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00295-8
– ident: e_1_2_7_22_1
  doi: 10.1006/exnr.1997.6505
– year: 2000
  ident: e_1_2_7_162_1
  article-title: Pharmaceutical compositions compromising iron chelators for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and some novel iron chelators
  publication-title: International Publication number WO 00/74664A2
  contributor:
    fullname: WARSHAWSKY B.
– ident: e_1_2_7_70_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2003.08.015
– ident: e_1_2_7_84_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02907-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_4_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69031326.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_153_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00513-5
– ident: e_1_2_7_134_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0959-440X(99)00049-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_113_1
  doi: 10.1001/jama.225.4.395
– ident: e_1_2_7_139_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.9.4897
– ident: e_1_2_7_18_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00453-1
– ident: e_1_2_7_146_1
  doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90150-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_45_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.34.20291
– ident: e_1_2_7_164_1
  doi: 10.1093/brain/112.1.133
– ident: e_1_2_7_46_1
  doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)92978-B
– ident: e_1_2_7_129_1
  doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90168-X
– ident: e_1_2_7_160_1
  doi: 10.1038/416535a
– ident: e_1_2_7_49_1
  doi: 10.1016/0197-4580(95)00013-5
– ident: e_1_2_7_60_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00019-2
– ident: e_1_2_7_69_1
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-20-08876.1999
– ident: e_1_2_7_87_1
  doi: 10.1038/ng0298-106
– ident: e_1_2_7_150_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205659200
– ident: e_1_2_7_130_1
  doi: 10.1007/3-540-13099-3_2
– ident: e_1_2_7_40_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X
– ident: e_1_2_7_175_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2003.08.009
– ident: e_1_2_7_64_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00031-3
– start-page: 165
  volume-title: Electron Microscopy of Proteins
  year: 1982
  ident: e_1_2_7_38_1
  contributor:
    fullname: COHEN A.S.
– ident: e_1_2_7_155_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2003.12.002
– ident: e_1_2_7_27_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00120-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_99_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00092-6
– ident: e_1_2_7_15_1
  doi: 10.1093/hmg/9.2.275
– ident: e_1_2_7_127_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.23.13363
– ident: e_1_2_7_156_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11282
– ident: e_1_2_7_158_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb09841.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_52_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0892-0362(02)00218-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_152_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)01254-5
– ident: e_1_2_7_102_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)05110-2
– ident: e_1_2_7_25_1
  doi: 10.1038/416507a
– ident: e_1_2_7_48_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09133.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_95_1
  doi: 10.1002/med.1027
– ident: e_1_2_7_81_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08350.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_42_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65020717.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_31_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.271.5254.1423
– ident: e_1_2_7_137_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb11759.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_166_1
  doi: 10.1001/archneur.1972.00490080015001
– ident: e_1_2_7_73_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70363-1
– ident: e_1_2_7_148_1
  doi: 10.1002/ana.410300410
– ident: e_1_2_7_16_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01001-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_91_1
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.11.6448
– ident: e_1_2_7_106_1
  doi: 10.1042/cs0710071
– ident: e_1_2_7_117_1
  doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92962-H
– ident: e_1_2_7_93_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.01.005
– ident: e_1_2_7_143_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00149-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_111_1
  doi: 10.1016/0006-291X(89)91141-8
– ident: e_1_2_7_86_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77755-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_163_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30064-1
– ident: e_1_2_7_74_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.09.014
– ident: e_1_2_7_36_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2004.00165_1.x
– volume: 2
  start-page: 35A
  year: 1988
  ident: e_1_2_7_76_1
  article-title: Importance of probe molecular geometry in determining intestinal permeability
  publication-title: Can. J. Gastroenterol.
  contributor:
    fullname: HOLANDER D.
– ident: e_1_2_7_98_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00551-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_7_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0173(03)00174-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_103_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02338-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_88_1
  doi: 10.1001/archneur.59.11.1737
– ident: e_1_2_7_142_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03893-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_157_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.M010907200
– ident: e_1_2_7_80_1
  doi: 10.2165/00002512-199914020-00004
– ident: e_1_2_7_41_1
  doi: 10.1093/brain/103.2.281
– ident: e_1_2_7_78_1
  doi: 10.1021/bi990438f
– ident: e_1_2_7_13_1
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199403033300901
– volume: 54
  start-page: 414
  year: 2001
  ident: e_1_2_7_174_1
  article-title: Substantia nigra neuromelanin: structure, synthesis, and molecular behaviour
  publication-title: J. Clin. Pathol: Mol. Pathol.
  contributor:
    fullname: ZECCA L.
– ident: e_1_2_7_121_1
  doi: 10.1038/230115a0
– ident: e_1_2_7_83_1
  doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.53.082901.103909
– ident: e_1_2_7_167_1
– volume: 12
  start-page: 333
  year: 1999
  ident: e_1_2_7_54_1
  article-title: Significance of neuromelanin for neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease
  publication-title: Drug News Dev.
  contributor:
    fullname: DOUBLE K.L.
– ident: e_1_2_7_20_1
  doi: 10.1093/emboj/19.6.1180
– ident: e_1_2_7_67_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0065-3233(01)57023-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_147_1
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-7094-6_9
– ident: e_1_2_7_19_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2003.09.006
– ident: e_1_2_7_173_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00186.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_112_1
  doi: 10.1517/13543784.11.10.1407
– ident: e_1_2_7_92_1
  doi: 10.1007/BF01277665
– ident: e_1_2_7_26_1
  doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90360-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_110_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0301-0082(00)00015-0
– volume: 3
  start-page: 197
  year: 1994
  ident: e_1_2_7_138_1
  article-title: A marker of oxyradical‐mediated DNA damage (8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxy‐guanoxine) is increased in nigro‐striatum of Parkinson's disease brain
  publication-title: Neurodegeneration
  contributor:
    fullname: SANCHEZ‐RAMOS J.
– ident: e_1_2_7_51_1
  doi: 10.1038/nature02261
– ident: e_1_2_7_82_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00126-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_55_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0752583.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_6_1
  doi: 10.1021/bi0204185
– ident: e_1_2_7_140_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0197-0186(02)00196-1
– ident: e_1_2_7_24_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00959-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_141_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0028-3908(01)00019-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_135_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.34.20631
– ident: e_1_2_7_115_1
  doi: 10.1016/B978-012525445-8/50006-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_10_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.292.5521.1552
– ident: e_1_2_7_154_1
  doi: 10.1002/mds.10305
– ident: e_1_2_7_30_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00249-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_37_1
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.299.6698.527-a
– ident: e_1_2_7_44_1
  doi: 10.1038/3311
– ident: e_1_2_7_124_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.276.5321.2045
– ident: e_1_2_7_56_1
  doi: 10.1097/00005072-196507000-00003
– volume: 43
  start-page: 113
  year: 1994
  ident: e_1_2_7_171_1
  article-title: The enigma of neuromelanin in Parkinsonian substantia nigra
  publication-title: J. Neural. Transm.
  contributor:
    fullname: YOUDIM M.B.H.
– ident: e_1_2_7_151_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(71)92699-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_21_1
  doi: 10.1038/37783
– ident: e_1_2_7_71_1
  doi: 10.1054/jocn.2000.0766
– volume-title: Greenfield's Neuropathology
  year: 1984
  ident: e_1_2_7_3_1
  contributor:
    fullname: ADAMS J.H.
– ident: e_1_2_7_125_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.6801762
– ident: e_1_2_7_100_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65184-X
– ident: e_1_2_7_77_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.274.5284.99
– ident: e_1_2_7_172_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)03269-0
– ident: e_1_2_7_12_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06358.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_165_1
  doi: 10.1096/fj.02-0314fje
– ident: e_1_2_7_68_1
  doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(73)90019-6
– ident: e_1_2_7_144_1
  doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90355-B
– volume: 13
  start-page: 97
  year: 1992
  ident: e_1_2_7_101_1
  article-title: An in vivo and post mortem MRI study in multiple sclerosis with pathological correlation
  publication-title: Ital. J. Neurol. Sci.
  contributor:
    fullname: MACCHI G.
– ident: e_1_2_7_11_1
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.09.005
– ident: e_1_2_7_75_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08170.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_59_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-140.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_9_1
  doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(88)90569-7
– ident: e_1_2_7_118_1
  doi: 10.1042/bj3400821
– ident: e_1_2_7_131_1
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa013128
– ident: e_1_2_7_58_1
  doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51368.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_85_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01749-5
– start-page: 421
  volume-title: Progress in Neuropathology
  year: 1973
  ident: e_1_2_7_17_1
  contributor:
    fullname: BRION S.
– ident: e_1_2_7_107_1
  doi: 10.1212/WNL.38.8.1285
– ident: e_1_2_7_123_1
  doi: 10.1212/WNL.56.2.239
– ident: e_1_2_7_161_1
  doi: 10.1002/bit.10347
– ident: e_1_2_7_53_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0006-2952(03)00293-4
– ident: e_1_2_7_168_1
  doi: 10.1038/nm0602-600
– volume: 10
  start-page: 405
  year: 1992
  ident: e_1_2_7_114_1
  article-title: Magnetic resonance imaging in parkinsonism
  publication-title: Neurol. Clin. North Am.
  doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30218-4
  contributor:
    fullname: OLANOW C.W.
– ident: e_1_2_7_126_1
  doi: 10.1126/science.1675487
– ident: e_1_2_7_5_1
  doi: 10.1016/S0887-8994(03)00004-3
– ident: e_1_2_7_159_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.36.25945
– ident: e_1_2_7_2_1
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.14.7965
– volume: 20
  start-page: 335
  year: 1999
  ident: e_1_2_7_28_1
  article-title: The possible origin of free radicals from amyloid β‐peptides in Alzheimer's disease
  publication-title: Neurobiol. Ageing
  contributor:
    fullname: BUSH A.I.
– ident: e_1_2_7_43_1
  doi: 10.2174/1381612033391649
– ident: e_1_2_7_63_1
  doi: 10.1006/nbdi.2000.0290
– ident: e_1_2_7_133_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09150.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_109_1
  doi: 10.1007/BF00691333
– ident: e_1_2_7_47_1
  doi: 10.1023/A:1021832302524
– ident: e_1_2_7_79_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38923.x
– ident: e_1_2_7_116_1
  doi: 10.3181/00379727-147-38444
– ident: e_1_2_7_132_1
  doi: 10.1196/annals.1306.026
SSID ssj0014775
Score 2.4036503
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
pubmed
pascalfrancis
wiley
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 1041
SubjectTerms alpha-Synuclein - metabolism
Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy
Alzheimer Disease - metabolism
Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology
Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism
Animals
Aβ‐amyloid
Biological and medical sciences
Chelating Agents - pharmacology
chelation therapy
copper
Copper - metabolism
Humans
Ions
iron
Iron - metabolism
Manganese - metabolism
Medical sciences
Metals - metabolism
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - physiopathology
Oxidative Stress
Parkinson Disease - drug therapy
Parkinson Disease - metabolism
Parkinson Disease - physiopathology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prion Diseases - drug therapy
Prion Diseases - metabolism
Prion Diseases - physiopathology
prion protein
Prions - metabolism
protein aggregation
Proteins - metabolism
Review
α‐synuclein
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV1Lb9QwELZKe0FCiDdpocwBlcum69jxOuGCKGpZcahWqJV6i2zHhl2J7NJsD_vvmcljH-J19iOxZ-z57Bl_w9jbzBupbJnGXNg8JsdZbL0sYy1H3BlRCl020RaXo_F1-uVG3eyxz_1bGAqr7PfEZqMu547uyIcInfG8rRI5NJYuAdxy-GHxM6b0UeRm7XJp3GMHIknJX3twdn45-bp2KKRat8kMiBMxybKev1Fmw3p2ameLU9T9UUppz7fs04OFqXGqQpvj4k8g9PdYym2M2xipi0fsYYcu4WOrDo_Znq-esJNJS0-9GsDV5rVVPYATmGyIq1dPmcNicChs1EmgsEOYB_jhEZ4DKSdMK2joL0v_rSGrJpm-B0SQgLZwWgPiXzCAP4-6gxYRtt52Qd2y4K6eseuL86tP47hLwhA7lREnesiFDs56y0UwxA4XJIIAq3JbGpUYk-d4wnYipH6UlibhgWsXAk-sV8IEK5-z_Wpe-ZcMiKyK6-AVFqa4k2AfHHtJuMMTupZ5xN71U18sWq6NovGRy6yoZwUKqeiEFLHjHclsqmuZ4hEJKxz1oiq6RVkXaxWK2Jt1Kc4IuUhM5ed3NbZHCyB09vcaoywjviAdsRet4DffxtEpLXjE9I5KrCsQk_duSTX93jB6I4ZDnIUtB43y_Gf0xdlkLJTQh_8c5BG739LMUujNK7a_vL3zrxFALe1xtzh-ASbCHTk
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title The crucial role of metal ions in neurodegeneration: the basis for a promising therapeutic strategy
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1038%2Fsj.bjp.0706416
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16205720
https://www.proquest.com/docview/217194513/abstract/
https://search.proquest.com/docview/17153278
https://search.proquest.com/docview/68883707
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC1751240
Volume 146
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3Pb9MwFH7axgUJIX4TBsUHNC5N69hxnHBj00aFxFShTeotsh0bWtG0Ituh_z3PTrK2AoTEMbJjJ36f_b4nP38GeJdbxYWu0pgyXcR-4yzWllex5Bk1ilVMViHb4jKbXKefZ2J2AKI_CxOS9o2ej-ofy1E9_x5yK9dLM-7zxMbTL2fo8tAt0fEhHErO-xC92zpIpWyvLfDqh0me90qNPB83i5FerEeI8gx5iNcLzRjyFX_X945TerBWDY6Pay-2-BPz_D2BcpfYBs908QgedpSSfGw__TEc2PoJnExbTerNkFxtj1g1Q3JCplu16s1TMFhMDFoYgUh8riFZObK0yMmJRySZ1yRoXlb2W1Co9ob8QJA2EnSA84Yg6SWK4McjYNANkp0DXaRppW83z-D64vzqbBJ3Ny_ERuReCN0VTDqjrabMKS8J5zh6fi0KXSmRKFUUGFYb5lKbpZVKqKPSOEcTbQVTTvPncFSvavsSiFeootJZgYUpLh_YBsVWEmowLJe8iOB9P_TluhXYKMPGOM_LZlGivcrOXhEM9iyzrS55inERVjjuTVV2M7EpMeRKilQkPIK3d6U4In5fRNV2ddvg-7jsM5n_vUaW514kSEbwojX8tu8OQRHIPUjcVfDy3fsliOog492hOIJhAM8__r48nU6YYPLVf3d0DPdb3Vmfi_Majm5-3to3yKhu9ADn0UwO4N7p-eX0Kz59miWDMKt-AatFJNc
link.rule.ids 230,315,733,786,790,891,12083,21416,27957,27958,31754,31755,33779,33780,43345,43840,53827,53829
linkProvider National Library of Medicine
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV1Lb9QwEB5BOYCEEM8SCu0cULlsWseO44QLAkS1QKn2sJX2ZtmJDbsS2YW0h_33jJPsS7zO4zixZ-z5Jh5_A_Ayd0ZIW6Ux47aIw8FZbJ2oYiUyVhpecVW12RYX2fAy_TSRkz43p-nTKld7YrtRV_My_CM_JehM8bZMxJvFjzgUjQqHq30FjZtwKxUiDRl9arKOt5JUqa6AQeBBTPJ8xdko8tNmdmJnixOy9ywNpc63fNLdhWloenxX1-JPwPP3_MltXNs6prP7cK9HlPi2M4EHcMPVD-F41FFSLwc43tywagZ4jKMNWfXyEZQkxpIUTHaIIdUQ5x6_O4LkGAwSpzW2lJeV-9oSVAc9vkZCjUj-b9ogYV40SB9P9kJeELfuc2HTMd8uH8Pl2Yfx-2HcF16IS5kHHnRfcOVL6yzj3gRGOC_I8VtZ2MrIxJiioKi65D51WVqZhHmmSu9ZYp3kxlvxBPbqee2eAgaCKqa8kyRMafegPhj1krCSonIligheraZeLzp-Dd2ei4tcNzNNStK9kiI43NHMprki1ROqiuBgpSrdL8RGr80mgqO1lGYkHIuY2s2vG3qedn2u8r-3yPI8cASpCPY7xW_eTaOTirMI1I5JrBsE9u5dST391rJ4E24jbEVPDlrj-c_o9bvRkEuunv1zkEdwezj-cq7PP158PoA7Hc1sSL15DntXP6_dCwJQV_awXSa_AIg_GwY
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lj9MwELZgkRAS4v0IC7s-oOXSJI6dxAk3WKjKa5XDrrTiEtmODS00jUh7KL-esZNsWx5C2rMntmx_znwjj79B6HmmBUtkFfuEyty3F2e-1KzyOUuJErSivHLZFifp5Cx-f56cb5X6ckn7Sk6D-vs8qKdfXW5lM1fhkCcWFp-OweWBWyJhU5nwKroGZ5bmQ6DeXyDEnHfFC6wGYpRlg14jy8J2FshZEwDWU2AjVjU0pcBabMXvLdd0sxEtrJLpylv8jX_-mUa5TW-dfxrfRp-HmXVpKd-C1VIG6udvoo-XmvoddKtnrfhVZ3IXXdH1PXRUdLLX6xE-3bziakf4CBcbQez1faSgGSsAEWAd23RGvDB4roH2Ywt6PK2xk9Ws9Bcngm2x8hIDM8XgY6ctBl6NBYaZASbB0-KtN2O47dR11w_Q2fjt6fHE74s7-CrJrNa6ySk3SmpJqBFWdc4wIBcyyWUlkkiIPIfIXVET6zSuREQM4coYEkmdUGEke4j26kWtHyNsRbAINzqBxhj-UNAHgV4ioiDy5yz30IthX8um0_Ao3d07y8p2VgIYyh4MHjrY2faNOWcxhF5gsD_goOwPe1tCVBflcRIxDx1etMKK2KsXUevFqoXvwbNQnv3bIs0yq0PEPfSoQ9Vm7B6eHuI7eLswsArhuy2AHqcU3qPFQyOHzP_MvnxdTGhC-ZNLD3SIrhdvxuXHdycf9tGNTuXWZv48RXvLHyv9DPjbUh64k_oLViZF0Q
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+crucial+role+of+metal+ions+in+neurodegeneration%3A+the+basis+for+a+promising+therapeutic+strategy&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+pharmacology&rft.au=Gaeta%2C+Alessandra&rft.au=Hider%2C+Robert+C&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing+Ltd&rft.issn=0007-1188&rft.eissn=1476-5381&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1041&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.bjp.0706416&rft.externalDocID=958874221
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0007-1188&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0007-1188&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0007-1188&client=summon