Transmission Studies of Babesia microti in Ixodes ricinus Ticks and Gerbils

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Published in	Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 40; no. 4; pp. 1259 - 1263
Main Authors	Gray, Jeremy, von Stedingk, Lars Victor, Gürtelschmid, Mikael, Granström, Marta
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01.04.2002
Subjects	Animals Arachnid Vectors - parasitology Babesia - physiology Babesia microti Babesiosis - parasitology Babesiosis - veterinary Biological and medical sciences DNA, Protozoan - analysis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gerbillinae - parasitology Ixodes - growth & development Ixodes - parasitology Ixodes ricinus Ixodidae Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis Male Medicin och hälsovetenskap Meriones unguiculatus Parasitology Polymerase Chain Reaction Protozoa Rodent Diseases - parasitology Rodent Diseases - transmission Europe Parasitiformes Protozoa Meriones unguiculatus Apicomplexa Rodentia Babesia microti Reservoir Epidemiology Blood feeding Arachnida Vertebrata Mammalia Acari Ixodida Transmission from animal to animal Arthropoda Pathogenic Ixodes ricinus Invertebrata Vector Ixodidae
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Abstract	Article Usage Stats Services JCM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JCM About JCM Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JCM RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0095-1137 Online ISSN: 1098-660X Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JCM .asm.org, visit: JCM
AbstractList	Article Usage Stats Services JCM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JCM About JCM Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JCM RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0095-1137 Online ISSN: 1098-660X Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JCM .asm.org, visit: JCM In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate (HK) and a zoonotic American isolate (GI) were studied in transmission experiments. PCR detected B. microti in the blood and spleens of infected gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus ) and also in laboratory-induced infections of I. ricinus ticks. B. microti DNA was detected by PCR in all pooled samples of nymphs and the majority of adults that had fed as larvae and nymphs, respectively, on gerbils with acute infection of the European isolate, confirming that I. ricinus could serve as a vector in Europe. The American isolate, GI, proved to be equally infective for larval and nymphal I. ricinus as the HK strain, despite a very different appearance in gerbil erythrocytes. Nymphs infected with the HK and GI strains readily infected gerbils. In contrast to the finding in acute infections, ticks that fed on gerbils with chronic infections of HK and GI did not become infected. It was also found that the HK strain was not transmitted transovarially. The finding that a B. microti strain (GI) from a distant geographical region (United States) can infect and be transmitted by I. ricinus suggests that other European B. microti strains, in addition to the HK strain used here, are probably infective for I. ricinus , supporting the view that infection of humans with European B. microti may be a regular occurrence. In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate (HK) and a zoonotic American isolate (GI) were studied in transmission experiments. PCR detected B. microti in the blood and spleens of infected gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and also in laboratory-induced infections of I. ricinus ticks. B. microti DNA was detected by PCR in all pooled samples of nymphs and the majority of adults that had fed as larvae and nymphs, respectively, on gerbils with acute infection of the European isolate, confirming that I. ricinus could serve as a vector in Europe. The American isolate, GI, proved to be equally infective for larval and nymphal I. ricinus as the HK strain, despite a very different appearance in gerbil erythrocytes. Nymphs infected with the HK and GI strains readily infected gerbils. In contrast to the finding in acute infections, ticks that fed on gerbils with chronic infections of HK and GI did not become infected. It was also found that the HK strain was not transmitted transovarially. The finding that a B. microti strain (GI) from a distant geographical region (United States) can infect and be transmitted by I. ricinus suggests that other European B. microti strains, in addition to the HK strain used here, are probably infective for I. ricinus, supporting the view that infection of humans with European B. microti may be a regular occurrence. ABSTRACT In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate (HK) and a zoonotic American isolate (GI) were studied in transmission experiments. PCR detected B. microti in the blood and spleens of infected gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus ) and also in laboratory-induced infections of I. ricinus ticks. B. microti DNA was detected by PCR in all pooled samples of nymphs and the majority of adults that had fed as larvae and nymphs, respectively, on gerbils with acute infection of the European isolate, confirming that I. ricinus could serve as a vector in Europe. The American isolate, GI, proved to be equally infective for larval and nymphal I. ricinus as the HK strain, despite a very different appearance in gerbil erythrocytes. Nymphs infected with the HK and GI strains readily infected gerbils. In contrast to the finding in acute infections, ticks that fed on gerbils with chronic infections of HK and GI did not become infected. It was also found that the HK strain was not transmitted transovarially. The finding that a B. microti strain (GI) from a distant geographical region (United States) can infect and be transmitted by I. ricinus suggests that other European B. microti strains, in addition to the HK strain used here, are probably infective for I. ricinus , supporting the view that infection of humans with European B. microti may be a regular occurrence.
Author	Lars Victor von Stedingk Marta Granström Jeremy Gray Mikael Gürtelschmid
AuthorAffiliation	Department of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland , 1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden 2
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: Department of Environmental Resource Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland , 1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden 2
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Keywords	Parasitiformes Protozoa Meriones unguiculatus Apicomplexa Rodentia Babesia microti Reservoir Epidemiology Blood feeding Arachnida Vertebrata Mammalia Acari Ixodida Transmission from animal to animal Arthropoda Pathogenic Ixodes ricinus Invertebrata Vector Ixodidae
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Snippet	Article Usage Stats Services JCM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley... In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate (HK) and a... ABSTRACT In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate... In order to investigate the possible role of Ixodes ricinus as a vector of zoonotic Babesia microti infection in Europe, a European rodent isolate (HK) and a...
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SubjectTerms	Animals Arachnid Vectors - parasitology Babesia - physiology Babesia microti Babesiosis - parasitology Babesiosis - veterinary Biological and medical sciences DNA, Protozoan - analysis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gerbillinae - parasitology Ixodes - growth & development Ixodes - parasitology Ixodes ricinus Ixodidae Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis Male Medicin och hälsovetenskap Meriones unguiculatus Parasitology Polymerase Chain Reaction Protozoa Rodent Diseases - parasitology Rodent Diseases - transmission
Title	Transmission Studies of Babesia microti in Ixodes ricinus Ticks and Gerbils
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