Epilithic and endolithic microorganisms and deterioration on stone church facades subject to urban pollution in a sub-tropical climate

• Published in: Biofouling (Chur, Switzerland) Vol. 33; no. 2; pp. 113 - 127
• Main Authors: Gaylarde, Christine, Baptista-Neto, Jose Antônio, Ogawa, Akiko, Kowalski, Matthew, Celikkol-Aydin, Sukriye, Beech, Iwona
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 07.02.2017; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria - growth & development; Actinobacteria - isolation & purification; Actinobacteria - physiology; Architecture; Basidiomycetes; Basidiomycota - growth & development; Basidiomycota - isolation & purification; Basidiomycota - physiology; Biofilms; Biofilms - growth & development; Brazil; Candelaria; Chemical analysis; Churches; Cities; Climate; Construction Materials - microbiology; Cyanobacteria; Cyanobacteria - growth & development; Cyanobacteria - isolation & purification; Cyanobacteria - physiology; Environmental Pollutants - analysis; Epilithic microorganisms; Facades; Fungi; Gammaproteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria - growth & development; Gammaproteobacteria - isolation & purification; Gammaproteobacteria - physiology; Granite; Gypsum; Halite; Halites; Halomonas; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; historic monuments; Insolation; Interactions; Microbiomes; Microorganisms; Mineral nutrients; Minerals; MiSeq sequencing; Nutrients; phototrophs; Pseudomonas; Salts; Solubilization; Sterigmatomyces; Stone; Thermophilic microorganisms; Tropical Climate; Urbanization; Water pollution; Weathering; Yeast; Yeasts; historic monuments; MiSeq sequencing; weathering; Biofilms; fungi; phototrophs

Weathering of two church facades in Rio de Janeiro was caused substantially by salts, mainly halite and gypsum, detected by SEM and chemical analyses, which cause physical stresses by deposition within the rock. Biofilm populations, determined by SEM and as operational taxonomic units (OTUs), degrad...