Disturbance maintains alternative biome states
Understanding the mechanisms controlling the distribution of biomes remains a challenge. Although tropical biome distribution has traditionally been explained by climate and soil, contrasting vegetation types often occur as mosaics with sharp boundaries under very similar environmental conditions. W...
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| Published in | Ecology letters Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 12 - 19 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Blackwell Science
01.01.2016
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Understanding the mechanisms controlling the distribution of biomes remains a challenge. Although tropical biome distribution has traditionally been explained by climate and soil, contrasting vegetation types often occur as mosaics with sharp boundaries under very similar environmental conditions. While evidence suggests that these biomes are alternative states, empirical broad‐scale support to this hypothesis is still lacking. Using community‐level field data and a novel resource‐niche overlap approach, we show that, for a wide range of environmental conditions, fire feedbacks maintain savannas and forests as alternative biome states in both the Neotropics and the Afrotropics. In addition, wooded grasslands and savannas occurred as alternative grassy states in the Afrotropics, depending on the relative importance of fire and herbivory feedbacks. These results are consistent with landscape scale evidence and suggest that disturbance is a general factor driving and maintaining alternative biome states and vegetation mosaics in the tropics. |
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| AbstractList | Understanding the mechanisms controlling the distribution of biomes remains a challenge. Although tropical biome distribution has traditionally been explained by climate and soil, contrasting vegetation types often occur as mosaics with sharp boundaries under very similar environmental conditions. While evidence suggests that these biomes are alternative states, empirical broad-scale support to this hypothesis is still lacking. Using community-level field data and a novel resource-niche overlap approach, we show that, for a wide range of environmental conditions, fire feedbacks maintain savannas and forests as alternative biome states in both the Neotropics and the Afrotropics. In addition, wooded grasslands and savannas occurred as alternative grassy states in the Afrotropics, depending on the relative importance of fire and herbivory feedbacks. These results are consistent with landscape scale evidence and suggest that disturbance is a general factor driving and maintaining alternative biome states and vegetation mosaics in the tropics. |
| Author | Oliveira, Rafael S Hirota, Marina Dantas, Vinícius de L Pausas, Juli G Rejmanek, Marcel |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26493189$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Understanding the mechanisms controlling the distribution of biomes remains a challenge. Although tropical biome distribution has traditionally been explained... |
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| SubjectTerms | Africa South of the Sahara Americas Cerrado Ecosystems Environmental conditions environmental factors feedbacks fire Fires forest Forests Geography Grassland Grasslands herbivores Herbivory landscapes mosaic savanna savanna-forest transition Savannahs savannas soil Soil - chemistry thresholds Trees - physiology tropical Tropical Climate Tropical environments tropics Vegetation wooded grasslands |
| Title | Disturbance maintains alternative biome states |
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