Genesis and Spread of Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Genotype EA-2023-DG Reassortant, Western Europe

• Published in: Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 31; no. 6; pp. 1100 - 1108
• Main Authors: Van Borm, Steven, Ahrens, Ann Kathrin, Bachofen, Claudia, Banyard, Ashley C., Bøe, Cathrine Arnason, Briand, François-Xavier, Dirbakova, Zuzana, Engelsma, Marc, Fusaro, Alice, Germeraad, Evelien, Gjerset, Britt, Grasland, Béatrice, Harders, Frank, Hostyn, Pierre, Kauppinen, Ari, Lambrecht, Bénédicte, Mollett, Benjamin C., Monne, Isabella, Nagy, Alexander, Pohlmann, Anne, Polzer, Daniel, Reid, Scott M., Revilla-Fernandez, Sandra, Steensels, Mieke, Stätter, Michaela, Swieton, Edyta, Tammiranta, Niina, Wyler, Michele, Zecchin, Bianca, Zohari, Siamak, Dellicour, Simon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.06.2025; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Animals, Wild - virology; Avian flu; Avian influenza; Avian influenza viruses; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Birds; Birds - virology; Datasets; Europe - epidemiology; Expedited; Genetic aspects; Genome, Viral; Genomes; Genomics; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; H5­N1; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; HPAI; Influenza; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - classification; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - pathogenicity; Influenza in Birds - epidemiology; Influenza in Birds - transmission; Influenza in Birds - virology; Laboratories; Life Sciences; Metadata; Normal distribution; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Phylogeography; Poultry; Proteins; Reassortant Viruses - classification; Reassortant Viruses - genetics; Sample size; Surveillance; Viruses; Wildlife; zoonoses; Europe; Sweden; Belgium; Finland; Poland; United Kingdom; Germany; Western Europe; HPAI; H5­N1; viruses; Europe; Influenza; whole-genome sequencing; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; zoonoses; phylogeography; H5N1; Whole-genome sequencing; Phylogeography; Viruses; Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; Zoonoses

In Europe, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus circulates in avian wildlife, undergoing frequent reassortment, sporadic introductions in domestic birds, and spillover to mammals. An H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b reassortant, EA-2023-DG, affecting wild and domestic birds was detected in western Euro...