Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis
The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NO x gas sensor based on laser-in...
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| Published in | Microsystems & nanoengineering Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 78 - 12 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
08.07.2022
Springer Nature B.V Nature Publishing Group |
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| Abstract | The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NO
x
gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm
−1
to NO and 6.66‰ ppm
−1
to NO
2
, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO
2
, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NO
x
gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NO
x
gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm
−1
to NO and 6.66‰ ppm
−1
to NO
2
, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO
2
, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NO
x
gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics. The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm−1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm−1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics. Abstract The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm−1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm−1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics. The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm-1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm-1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics.The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm-1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm-1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics. |
| ArticleNumber | 78 |
| Author | Yan, Jiayi Li, Yuhang Ji, Huadong Xue, Ye Yang, Li Zheng, Guanghao Niu, Guangyu Cheng, Huanyu Meng, Chuizhou Cao, Yaoqian Chen, Xue |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Li surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Li email: yangli5781@126.com organization: State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Guanghao surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, Guanghao organization: School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: Yaoqian surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Yaoqian organization: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital – sequence: 4 givenname: Chuizhou surname: Meng fullname: Meng, Chuizhou organization: School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 5 givenname: Yuhang surname: Li fullname: Li, Yuhang organization: Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University (BUAA) – sequence: 6 givenname: Huadong surname: Ji fullname: Ji, Huadong organization: School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 7 givenname: Xue surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Xue organization: School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 8 givenname: Guangyu surname: Niu fullname: Niu, Guangyu organization: School of Architecture and Art Design, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 9 givenname: Jiayi surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Jiayi organization: School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 10 givenname: Ye surname: Xue fullname: Xue, Ye organization: State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology – sequence: 11 givenname: Huanyu orcidid: 0000-0001-6075-4208 surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Huanyu email: huanyu.cheng@psu.edu organization: Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University |
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| Snippet | The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable... The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable... Abstract The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost,... |
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| Title | Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis |
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