Static and dynamic changes in carotid artery diameter in humans during and after strenuous exercise
Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile p...
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| Published in | The Journal of physiology Vol. 550; no. 2; pp. 575 - 583 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
The Physiological Society
15.07.2003
Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Science Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0022-3751 1469-7793 |
| DOI | 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.040147 |
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| Abstract | Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due
to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in
mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure: diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten
young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were
measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry
and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis
and the sequence method. Data are given as means ± s.e.m . Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude
did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3 ± 2.7 to 13.7 ± 1.0 μm mmHg â1 . Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the
carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9 ± 1.4 μm mmHg â1 ). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74 ⤠r ⤠0.83, P < 0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during
exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise,
baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed
at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure: diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means ±
s.e.m
. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3 ± 2.7 to 13.7 ± 1.0 μm mmHg
−1
. Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9 ± 1.4 μm mmHg
−1
). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74 ≤
r
≤ 0.83,
P
< 0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure: diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means ± s.e.m . Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3 ± 2.7 to 13.7 ± 1.0 μm mmHg â1 . Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9 ± 1.4 μm mmHg â1 ). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74 ⤠r ⤠0.83, P < 0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure : diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means +/- S.E.M. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3+/-2.7 to 13.7+/-1.0 microm mmHg(-1). Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9+/-1.4 microm mmHg(-1)). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74< or = r < or =0.83, P<0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure : diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means +/- S.E.M. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3+/-2.7 to 13.7+/-1.0 microm mmHg(-1). Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9+/-1.4 microm mmHg(-1)). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74< or = r < or =0.83, P<0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control.Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure : diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means +/- S.E.M. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3+/-2.7 to 13.7+/-1.0 microm mmHg(-1). Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9+/-1.4 microm mmHg(-1)). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74< or = r < or =0.83, P<0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure: diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall‐tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post‐exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means ±s.e.m. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3 ± 2.7 to 13.7 ± 1.0 μm mmHg−1. Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post‐exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9 ± 1.4 μm mmHg−1). The post‐exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74 ≤r≤ 0.83, P < 0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post‐exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post‐exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure into deformation of the barosensory vessel wall. In this study we measured changes in mean common carotid artery diameter and the pulsatile pressure: diameter ratio (PDR) during and after dynamic exercise. Ten young, healthy subjects performed a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer. Carotid dimensions were measured with an ultrasound wall-tracking system; central arterial pressure was measured with the use of radial tonometry and the generalized transfer function; baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was assessed in the post-exercise period by spectral analysis and the sequence method. Data are given as means plus or minus S.E.M. Mean carotid artery diameter increased during exercise as compared with control levels, but carotid distension amplitude did not change. PDR was reduced from 27.3 plus or minus 2.7 to 13.7 plus or minus 1.0 mu m mmHg super(-1). Immediately after stopping exercise, the carotid artery constricted and PDR remained reduced. At 60 min post-exercise, the carotid artery dilated and the PDR increased above control levels (33.9 plus or minus 1.4 mu m mmHg super(-1)). The post-exercise changes in PDR were closely paralleled by those in BRS (0.74 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.83, P < 0.05). These changes in mean carotid diameter and PDR suggest that the mean baroreceptor activity level increases during exercise, with reduced dynamic sensitivity; at the end of exercise baroreceptors are suddenly unloaded, then at 1 h post-exercise, baroreceptor activity increases again with increasing dynamic sensitivity. The close correlation between PDR and BRS observed at post-exercise underlies the significance of mechanical factors in arterial baroreflex control. |
| Author | László Kocsis Mark Kollai Zsuzsanna Lénárd Zsuzsanna Kováts Péter Studinger |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Péter surname: Studinger fullname: Studinger, Péter organization: Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Budapest, Hungary – sequence: 2 givenname: Zsuzsanna surname: Lénárd fullname: Lénárd, Zsuzsanna – sequence: 3 givenname: Zsuzsanna surname: Kováts fullname: Kováts, Zsuzsanna – sequence: 4 givenname: László surname: Kocsis fullname: Kocsis, László – sequence: 5 givenname: Mark surname: Kollai fullname: Kollai, Mark |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12766246$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due
to altered transduction of pressure... Arterial baroreflex function is altered by dynamic exercise, but it is not clear to what extent baroreflex changes are due to altered transduction of pressure... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Baroreflex - physiology Carotid Arteries - anatomy & histology Carotid Arteries - physiology Central Venous Pressure - physiology Cross-Over Studies Electrocardiography Exercise - physiology Female Heart Rate - physiology Humans Male Original Oxygen Consumption - physiology Pressoreceptors - physiology |
| Title | Static and dynamic changes in carotid artery diameter in humans during and after strenuous exercise |
| URI | http://jp.physoc.org/content/550/2/575.abstract https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.2003.040147 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12766246 https://www.proquest.com/docview/17953004 https://www.proquest.com/docview/73547009 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC2343041 |
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