Navigation-Related Structural Change in the Hippocampi of Taxi Drivers

Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects. A m...

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Published in	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 97; no. 8; pp. 4398 - 4403
Main Authors	Maguire, Eleanor A., Gadian, David G., Johnsrude, Ingrid S., Good, Catriona D., Ashburner, John, Richard S. J. Frackowiak, Frith, Christopher D.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 11.04.2000 National Acad Sciences National Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Sciences
Subjects	Adult Automobile Driving Biological Sciences Brain Correlations Gray matter Hippocampus Hippocampus - anatomy & histology Humans Image analysis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Memory Middle Aged Navigation Neurology Neuroscience Orientation - physiology Psychology Taxi drivers Taxicabs Volume
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Abstract	Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects. A more anterior hippocampal region was larger in control subjects than in taxi drivers. Hippocampal volume correlated with the amount of time spent as a taxi driver (positively in the posterior and negatively in the anterior hippocampus). These data are in accordance with the idea that the posterior hippocampus stores a spatial representation of the environment and can expand regionally to accommodate elaboration of this representation in people with a high dependence on navigational skills. It seems that there is a capacity for local plastic change in the structure of the healthy adult human brain in response to environmental demands.
AbstractList	Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects. A more anterior hippocampal region was larger in control subjects than in taxi drivers. Hippocampal volume correlated with the amount of time spent as a taxi driver (positively in the posterior and negatively in the anterior hippocampus). These data are in accordance with the idea that the posterior hippocampus stores a spatial representation of the environment and can expand regionally to accommodate elaboration of this representation in people with a high dependence on navigational skills. It seems that there is a capacity for local plastic change in the structure of the healthy adult human brain in response to environmental demands. Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects. A more anterior hippocampal region was larger in control subjects than in taxi drivers. Hippocampal volume correlated with the amount of time spent as a taxi driver (positively in the posterior and negatively in the anterior hippocampus). These data are in accordance with the idea that the posterior hippocampus stores a spatial representation of the environment and can expand regionally to accommodate elaboration of this representation in people with a high dependence on navigational skills. It seems that there is a capacity for local plastic change in the structure of the healthy adult human brain in response to environmental demands.Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects. A more anterior hippocampal region was larger in control subjects than in taxi drivers. Hippocampal volume correlated with the amount of time spent as a taxi driver (positively in the posterior and negatively in the anterior hippocampus). These data are in accordance with the idea that the posterior hippocampus stores a spatial representation of the environment and can expand regionally to accommodate elaboration of this representation in people with a high dependence on navigational skills. It seems that there is a capacity for local plastic change in the structure of the healthy adult human brain in response to environmental demands. Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects who did not drive taxis. The posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects.
Author	Good, Catriona D. Frith, Christopher D. Maguire, Eleanor A. Gadian, David G. Johnsrude, Ingrid S. Ashburner, John Richard S. J. Frackowiak
AuthorAffiliation	Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; and ‡ Radiology and Physics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; and ‡ Radiology and Physics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Eleanor A. surname: Maguire fullname: Maguire, Eleanor A. – sequence: 2 givenname: David G. surname: Gadian fullname: Gadian, David G. – sequence: 3 givenname: Ingrid S. surname: Johnsrude fullname: Johnsrude, Ingrid S. – sequence: 4 givenname: Catriona D. surname: Good fullname: Good, Catriona D. – sequence: 5 givenname: John surname: Ashburner fullname: Ashburner, John – sequence: 6 fullname: Richard S. J. Frackowiak – sequence: 7 givenname: Christopher D. surname: Frith fullname: Frith, Christopher D.
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10716738$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Structural MRIs of the brains of humans with extensive navigation experience, licensed London taxi drivers, were analyzed and compared with those of control...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Automobile Driving Biological Sciences Brain Correlations Gray matter Hippocampus Hippocampus - anatomy & histology Humans Image analysis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Memory Middle Aged Navigation Neurology Neuroscience Orientation - physiology Psychology Taxi drivers Taxicabs Volume
Title	Navigation-Related Structural Change in the Hippocampi of Taxi Drivers
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