The Effectiveness of Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccination: A Preliminary Report

Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to pr...

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Published inLife (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 10; p. 2094
Main Authors Chen, Ssu-Yu, Lin, Chien-Yu, Chi, Hsin, Weng, Shun-Long, Li, Sung-Tse, Tai, Yu-Lin, Huang, Ya-Ning, Huang, Hsiang, Lin, Chao-Hsu, Chiu, Nan-Chang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Antibodies
BA.1
bivalent
Clinical trials
Cohort analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Effectiveness
Emergency medical care
Heterogeneity
Immunogenicity
Medical databases
mRNA vaccines
Observational studies
Pandemics
Proteins
SARS-CoV-2
Software
Systematic Review
updated vaccine
Vaccination
Vaccines
Taiwan
United States > US
COVID-19
updated vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
bivalent
BA.5
BA.1
vaccination
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Abstract Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to prevent COVID-19, but the effectiveness of the updated vaccines remains largely unclear. Electronic databases were searched to investigate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BVs in humans. As of March 2023, 20 trials were identified. Compared with monovalent vaccination, the induced immunogenicity against ancestral strains was similar. The BVs demonstrated approximately 33–50% higher immunogenicity values against additional variant strains. An observational cohort study showed the additional clinical effectiveness of the BVs. The adverse events were similar. In conclusion, our systematic review found that the BVs had equal immunogenicity against ancestral strains without safety concerns. Approximately 33–50% increased additional antibody titers and clinical effectiveness against additional variant strains were observed in subjects with a BV vaccine with moderate heterogeneity, especially for BA.1-containing BVs.
AbstractList Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to prevent COVID-19, but the effectiveness of the updated vaccines remains largely unclear. Electronic databases were searched to investigate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BVs in humans. As of March 2023, 20 trials were identified. Compared with monovalent vaccination, the induced immunogenicity against ancestral strains was similar. The BVs demonstrated approximately 33-50% higher immunogenicity values against additional variant strains. An observational cohort study showed the additional clinical effectiveness of the BVs. The adverse events were similar. In conclusion, our systematic review found that the BVs had equal immunogenicity against ancestral strains without safety concerns. Approximately 33-50% increased additional antibody titers and clinical effectiveness against additional variant strains were observed in subjects with a BV vaccine with moderate heterogeneity, especially for BA.1-containing BVs.Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to prevent COVID-19, but the effectiveness of the updated vaccines remains largely unclear. Electronic databases were searched to investigate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BVs in humans. As of March 2023, 20 trials were identified. Compared with monovalent vaccination, the induced immunogenicity against ancestral strains was similar. The BVs demonstrated approximately 33-50% higher immunogenicity values against additional variant strains. An observational cohort study showed the additional clinical effectiveness of the BVs. The adverse events were similar. In conclusion, our systematic review found that the BVs had equal immunogenicity against ancestral strains without safety concerns. Approximately 33-50% increased additional antibody titers and clinical effectiveness against additional variant strains were observed in subjects with a BV vaccine with moderate heterogeneity, especially for BA.1-containing BVs.
Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants create challenges. The rapid-fire development of bivalent vaccines (BVs), comprising ancestral strains and a new variant, was authorized to prevent COVID-19, but the effectiveness of the updated vaccines remains largely unclear. Electronic databases were searched to investigate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BVs in humans. As of March 2023, 20 trials were identified. Compared with monovalent vaccination, the induced immunogenicity against ancestral strains was similar. The BVs demonstrated approximately 33-50% higher immunogenicity values against additional variant strains. An observational cohort study showed the additional clinical effectiveness of the BVs. The adverse events were similar. In conclusion, our systematic review found that the BVs had equal immunogenicity against ancestral strains without safety concerns. Approximately 33-50% increased additional antibody titers and clinical effectiveness against additional variant strains were observed in subjects with a BV vaccine with moderate heterogeneity, especially for BA.1-containing BVs.
Audience Academic
Author Tai, Yu-Lin
Chi, Hsin
Huang, Ya-Ning
Chen, Ssu-Yu
Lin, Chao-Hsu
Chiu, Nan-Chang
Huang, Hsiang
Lin, Chien-Yu
Weng, Shun-Long
Li, Sung-Tse
AuthorAffiliation 1 Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
3 Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan
2 Hsinchu Municipal MacKay Children’s Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
4 MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Hsinchu Municipal MacKay Children’s Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
– name: 1 Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37895475$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vaccine_2024_04_049
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crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines12101200
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Keywords COVID-19
updated vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
bivalent
BA.5
BA.1
vaccination
Language English
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Snippet Vaccination has been a game-changer in the long battle against COVID-19. However, waning vaccine-induced immunity and the immune evasion of emerging variants...
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SubjectTerms Antibodies
BA.1
bivalent
Clinical trials
Cohort analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Effectiveness
Emergency medical care
Heterogeneity
Immunogenicity
Medical databases
mRNA vaccines
Observational studies
Pandemics
Proteins
SARS-CoV-2
Software
Systematic Review
updated vaccine
Vaccination
Vaccines
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Title The Effectiveness of Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccination: A Preliminary Report
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Volume 13
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