Borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal cortex as revealed using multiple modern neuroanatomical and pathological markers

• Published in: Human brain mapping Vol. 31; no. 9; pp. 1359 - 1379
• Main Authors: Ding, Song-Lin, Van Hoesen, Gary W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.09.2010; Wiley-Liss
• Subjects: aging brain; Biological and medical sciences; calcium-binding proteins; collateral sulcus; cortical mapping; Ear and associated structures. Auditory pathways and centers. Hearing. Vocal organ. Phonation. Sound production. Echolocation; entorhinal cortex; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; fusiform gyrus; Humans; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); medial temporal lobe; Medical sciences; Nervous system; parahippocampal gyrus; perirhinal cortex; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry; Tau pathology; Temporal Lobe - anatomy & histology; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Wisteria floribunda; Human; Cartography; Temporal lobe; cortical mapping; Nervous system diseases; Senescence; Calcium; Radiodiagnosis; Central nervous system; Perirhinal cortex; parahippocampal gyrus; aging brain; calcium-binding proteins; Encephalon; Binding protein; fusiform gyrus; Anatomic pathology; medial temporal lobe; Entorhinal cortex; Topography; Tau pathology; collateral sulcus
• DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20940
• ISSN: 1065-9471; 1097-0193

Despite rapidly increasing interests in specific contributions of different components of human medial temporal lobe (MTL) to memory and memory impairments in normal aging and in many abnormal conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Pick's disease, few modern neuroanatomical studies are available about the borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal areas 35 and 36, which are important components of the MTL memory system. By a combined use of several cellular, neurochemical, and pathological markers, which mainly include neuronal nuclear antigen, calcium‐binding proteins (parvalbumin and calbindin‐D28k), nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein (SMI‐32), Wisteria floribunda agglutinin, and abnormally phosphorylated tau (AT8), this study has revealed that the borders of human perirhinal areas 35 and 36 are significantly different from those defined with conventional Nissl staining. In general, areas 35 and 36 occupy the ventromedial temporopolar and rhinal sulcal regions, the collateral sulcal region, and the anterior two‐thirds of fusiform gyrus or occipitotemporal gyrus. Furthermore, the precise borders, extent, and topography of human areas 35 and 36 and adjoining entorhinal cortex were marked at different anteroposterior levels of the MTL with reference to variations of rhinal and collateral sulci and other useful landmarks. These findings would provide reliable neuroanatomical base for the great and yet rapidly increasing number of neuroimaging studies of the human MTL structures in healthy and many abnormal conditions. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.