Attentional modulation of perceptual grouping in human visual cortex: Functional MRI studies
When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural su...
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| Published in | Human brain mapping Vol. 25; no. 4; pp. 424 - 432 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hoboken
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
01.08.2005
Wiley-Liss |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1065-9471 1097-0193 |
| DOI | 10.1002/hbm.20119 |
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| Abstract | When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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| AbstractList | When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex.When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex. When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex. When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. When presented with a complex visual scene, our visual system has to organize the discrete entities present into useful perceptual units. The current work investigated the neural substrates of perceptual grouping defined by Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity of shape, and whether the neural substrates underlying perceptual grouping are modulated by task relevance and spatial attention. In visual discrimination tasks, subjects identified the orientations of perceptual groups formed by proximity or similarity of local elements or alternatively identified colors of either dots around the grouped stimuli or the fixation cross. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we identified that the calcarine cortex was involved in proximity grouping but not in the grouping process defined by similarity of shape. Moreover, we showed evidence that the neural correlates of proximity grouping in the calcarine cortex were weakened when the elements were of low task relevance and fell outside an attended area of field. The findings reveal the neural basis for basic grouping operations, as well as illustrating how attention and proximity grouping interact in human visual cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2005. |
| Author | Humphreys, Glyn W. Jiang, Yi Mao, Lihua Han, Shihui Gu, Hua |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Behavioral Brain Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom 5 Present address: Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455 2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China 4 Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China 1 Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China – name: 5 Present address: Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455 – name: 1 Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China – name: 3 Behavioral Brain Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom – name: 4 Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shihui surname: Han fullname: Han, Shihui email: shan@pku.edu.cn organization: Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China – sequence: 2 givenname: Yi surname: Jiang fullname: Jiang, Yi organization: Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China – sequence: 3 givenname: Lihua surname: Mao fullname: Mao, Lihua organization: Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China – sequence: 4 givenname: Glyn W. surname: Humphreys fullname: Humphreys, Glyn W. organization: Behavioral Brain Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom – sequence: 5 givenname: Hua surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Hua organization: Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China |
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| Keywords | Human Visual cortex Nervous system diseases Proximity Radiodiagnosis Central nervous system Attention perceptual grouping Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging Encephalon calcarine cortex fMRI Visual pathway Modulation |
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| References | Ben-Av MB, Sagi D (1995): Perceptual grouping by similarity and proximity: Experimental results can be predicted by intensity autocorrelations. Vis Res 35: 853-866. Lamy D, Tsal Y (2001): On the status of location in visual attention. Eur J Cogn Psychol 13: 305-402. Han S, Song Y, Ding Y, Yund EY, Woods DL (2001): Neural substrates for visual perceptual grouping in human. Psychophysiology 38: 926-935. Ward R, Goodrich S, Driver J (1984): Grouping reduces visual extinction: neuropsychological evidence for weight-linkage in visual selection. Vis Cogn 1: 101-130. Han S, Humphreys GW (1999): Interactions between perceptual organization based on Gestalt laws and those based on hierarchical processing. Percept Psychophys 61: 1287-1298. Mattingly JB, Davis G, Driver J (1997): Pre-attentive filling-in of visual surfaces in parietal extinction. Science 275: 671-674. Han S, Ding Y, Song Y (2002): Neural mechanisms of perceptual grouping in humans as revealed by high density event related potentials. Neurosci Lett 319: 29-32. Friston K, Zarahn E, Josephs O, Henson R, Dale A (1999): Stochastic designs in event-related fMRI. Neuroimage 10: 607-619. Han S, Humphreys GW, Chen L (1999b): Uniform connectedness and classical Gestalt principles of perceptual grouping. Percept Psychophys 61: 661-674. Han S, Humphreys GW, Chen L (1999a): Parallel and competitive processes in hierarchical analysis: Perceptual grouping and encoding of closure. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 25: 1411-1432. Talairach J, Tournoux P (1998): Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. New York: Thieme. 122 p. Lamb MR, Robertson LC, Knight RT (1999): Component mechanisms underlying the processing of hierarchical organized patterns: interferences from patients with unilateral cortical lesions. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 16: 471-483. Marr D (1982): Vision: a computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. San Francisco: WH Freeman. 397 p. Tanaka K (1993): Neuronal mechanisms of object recognition. Science 262: 685-688. Altmann CF, Bülthoff HH, Kourtzi Z (2003): Perceptual organization of local elements into global shapes in the human visual cortex. Curr Biology 13: 342-349. Ben-Av MB, Sagi D, Braun J (1992): Visual attention and perceptual grouping. Percept Psychophys 52: 277-294. Ferber S, Humphrey GK, Vilis T (2003): The lateral occipital complex subserves the perceptual persistence of motion-defined groupings. Cereb Cortex 13: 1047-3211. Duncan J, Humphreys GW (1989): Visual search and stimulus similarity. Psychol Rev 96: 433-458. Sugita Y (1999): Grouping of image fragments in primary visual cortex. Nature 401: 269-272. Duncan J (1984): Selective attention and the organization of visual information. J Exp Psychol Gen 113: 501-507. Humphreys GW (1998): Neural representation of objects in space: a dual coding account. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 353: 1341-1351. Han S, Jiang Y, Gu H (2004): Neural substrates differentiating global/local processing of bilateral visual inputs. Hum Brain Mapp 22: 321-328. Kapadia MK, Ito M, Gilbert CD, Westheimer G (1995): Improvement in visual sensitivity by changes in local context: parallel studies in human observers and in V1 of alert monkeys. Neuron 15: 843-856. Mack A, Tang B, Tuma R, Kahn S (1992): Perceptual grouping and attention. Cogn Psychol 24: 475-501. Logothetis NK, Sheinberg DL (1996): Visual object recognition. Annu Rev Neurosci 19: 577-621. Moore CM, Egeth H (1997): Perception without attention: evidence of grouping under conditions of inattention. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 23: 339-352. 2004; 22 1996; 19 1995; 15 1995; 35 1997; 275 1997; 23 2003; 13 1998 1993; 262 1999a; 25 2002; 319 1999; 61 1998; 353 1999b; 61 1999; 401 1992; 52 1989; 96 2001 1984; 113 1984; 1 1999; 16 1986 1999; 10 1992; 24 2001; 38 1982 1981 2001; 13 e_1_2_6_32_1 e_1_2_6_10_1 e_1_2_6_31_1 Marr D (e_1_2_6_24_1) 1982 Talairach J (e_1_2_6_28_1) 1998 e_1_2_6_19_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_14_1 e_1_2_6_11_1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_17_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_16_1 e_1_2_6_21_1 e_1_2_6_20_1 Ginsburg AP (e_1_2_6_9_1) 1986 Treisman A (e_1_2_6_30_1) 1986 e_1_2_6_8_1 e_1_2_6_5_1 e_1_2_6_4_1 e_1_2_6_7_1 e_1_2_6_6_1 Kahneman D (e_1_2_6_18_1) 1981 e_1_2_6_25_1 e_1_2_6_3_1 e_1_2_6_23_1 e_1_2_6_2_1 e_1_2_6_22_1 e_1_2_6_29_1 e_1_2_6_27_1 e_1_2_6_26_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Lamb MR, Robertson LC, Knight RT (1999): Component mechanisms underlying the processing of hierarchical organized patterns: interferences from patients with unilateral cortical lesions. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 16: 471-483. – reference: Logothetis NK, Sheinberg DL (1996): Visual object recognition. Annu Rev Neurosci 19: 577-621. – reference: Mattingly JB, Davis G, Driver J (1997): Pre-attentive filling-in of visual surfaces in parietal extinction. Science 275: 671-674. – reference: Friston K, Zarahn E, Josephs O, Henson R, Dale A (1999): Stochastic designs in event-related fMRI. Neuroimage 10: 607-619. – reference: Ward R, Goodrich S, Driver J (1984): Grouping reduces visual extinction: neuropsychological evidence for weight-linkage in visual selection. Vis Cogn 1: 101-130. – reference: Talairach J, Tournoux P (1998): Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. New York: Thieme. 122 p. – reference: Marr D (1982): Vision: a computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. San Francisco: WH Freeman. 397 p. – reference: Han S, Song Y, Ding Y, Yund EY, Woods DL (2001): Neural substrates for visual perceptual grouping in human. Psychophysiology 38: 926-935. – reference: Moore CM, Egeth H (1997): Perception without attention: evidence of grouping under conditions of inattention. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 23: 339-352. – reference: Humphreys GW (1998): Neural representation of objects in space: a dual coding account. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 353: 1341-1351. – reference: Altmann CF, Bülthoff HH, Kourtzi Z (2003): Perceptual organization of local elements into global shapes in the human visual cortex. Curr Biology 13: 342-349. – reference: Duncan J (1984): Selective attention and the organization of visual information. J Exp Psychol Gen 113: 501-507. – reference: Han S, Humphreys GW (1999): Interactions between perceptual organization based on Gestalt laws and those based on hierarchical processing. Percept Psychophys 61: 1287-1298. – reference: Han S, Humphreys GW, Chen L (1999a): Parallel and competitive processes in hierarchical analysis: Perceptual grouping and encoding of closure. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 25: 1411-1432. – reference: Kapadia MK, Ito M, Gilbert CD, Westheimer G (1995): Improvement in visual sensitivity by changes in local context: parallel studies in human observers and in V1 of alert monkeys. Neuron 15: 843-856. – reference: Duncan J, Humphreys GW (1989): Visual search and stimulus similarity. Psychol Rev 96: 433-458. – reference: Mack A, Tang B, Tuma R, Kahn S (1992): Perceptual grouping and attention. Cogn Psychol 24: 475-501. – reference: Tanaka K (1993): Neuronal mechanisms of object recognition. 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| SubjectTerms | Adult attention Attention - physiology Biological and medical sciences Brain Mapping calcarine cortex Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording Female fMRI Functional Laterality - physiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medical sciences Nervous system Parietal Lobe - anatomy & histology Parietal Lobe - physiology Perception perceptual grouping Photic Stimulation proximity Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry Temporal Lobe - anatomy & histology Temporal Lobe - physiology Vision Visual Cortex - anatomy & histology Visual Cortex - physiology Visual Pathways - anatomy & histology Visual Pathways - physiology Visual Perception - physiology |
| Title | Attentional modulation of perceptual grouping in human visual cortex: Functional MRI studies |
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