Combined influence of healthy diet and active lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents

To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5–17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registe...

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Published inScandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports Vol. 24; no. 3; pp. 553 - 562
Main Authors Cuenca-García, M., Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., González-Gross, M., Labayen, I., Jago, R., Martínez-Gómez, D., Dallongeville, J., Bel-Serrat, S., Marcos, A., Manios, Y., Breidenassel, C., Widhalm, K., Gottrand, F., Ferrari, M., Kafatos, A., Molnár, D., Moreno, L. A., De Henauw, S., Castillo, M. J., Sjöström, M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Denmark Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.06.2014
Subjects
Accelerometry
Adiposity - physiology
Adolescent
Blood Pressure
body composition
Cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular disease risk
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Child
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, HDL - blood
Diet
Diet - adverse effects
Diet - standards
diet quality index
Exercise
Female
Health Behavior
HELENA study
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Life Style
Lifestyles
lipid profile
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Motor Activity - physiology
Nutrition Assessment
physical activity
Physical fitness
Physical Fitness - physiology
Risk Factors
Teenagers
Triglycerides - blood
blood pressure
body composition
HELENA study
diet quality index
cardiovascular disease risk
lipid profile
insulin resistance
physical activity
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Abstract To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5–17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24‐h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL‐C ratio (all P ≤ 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL‐C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P ≤ 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P ≤ 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.
AbstractList To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents ( n  = 1513; 12.5–17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24‐h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index ( FMI ), triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL ‐ C ) levels and total cholesterol ( TC )/ HDL ‐ C ratio (all P  ≤ 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI , TC / HDL ‐ C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P  ≤ 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P  ≤ 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5-17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24-h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (all P less than or equal to 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL-C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P less than or equal to 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P less than or equal to 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513; 12.5–17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24‐h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL‐C ratio (all P ≤ 0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL‐C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P ≤ 0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P ≤ 0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet.
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n=1513; 12.5-17.5 years) participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study were studied. Dietary intake was registered using a 24-h recall and a diet quality index was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Lifestyle groups were computed as: healthy diet and active, unhealthy diet but active, healthy diet but inactive, and unhealthy diet and inactive. CVD risk factor measurements included cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity indicators, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin resistance. A CVD risk score was computed. The healthy diet and active group had a healthier cardiorespiratory profile, fat mass index (FMI), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (all P≤0.05). Overall, active adolescents showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower FMI, TC/HDL-C ratio, and homeostasis model assessment index and healthier blood pressure than their inactive peers with either healthy or unhealthy diet (all P≤0.05). Healthy diet and active group had healthier CVD risk score compared with the inactive groups (all P≤0.02). Thus, a combination of healthy diet and active lifestyle is associated with decreased CVD risk in adolescents. Moreover, an active lifestyle may reduce the adverse consequences of an unhealthy diet. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Author Bel-Serrat, S.
González-Gross, M.
Jago, R.
De Henauw, S.
Widhalm, K.
Labayen, I.
Marcos, A.
Gottrand, F.
Ferrari, M.
Dallongeville, J.
Molnár, D.
Breidenassel, C.
Castillo, M. J.
Martínez-Gómez, D.
Cuenca-García, M.
Ruiz, J. R.
Kafatos, A.
Sjöström, M.
Manios, Y.
Moreno, L. A.
Ortega, F. B.
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  surname: Cuenca-García
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  fullname: Ortega, F. B.
  organization: Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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  givenname: J. R.
  surname: Ruiz
  fullname: Ruiz, J. R.
  organization: Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Institute of Karolinska, Huddinge, Sweden
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  surname: González-Gross
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  organization: ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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  surname: Labayen
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  organization: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain
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  surname: Jago
  fullname: Jago, R.
  organization: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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  givenname: D.
  surname: Martínez-Gómez
  fullname: Martínez-Gómez, D.
  organization: Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
– sequence: 8
  givenname: J.
  surname: Dallongeville
  fullname: Dallongeville, J.
  organization: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Lille Pasteur Institute, University of Lille, Lille, France
– sequence: 9
  givenname: S.
  surname: Bel-Serrat
  fullname: Bel-Serrat, S.
  organization: GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
– sequence: 10
  givenname: A.
  surname: Marcos
  fullname: Marcos, A.
  organization: Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Y.
  surname: Manios
  fullname: Manios, Y.
  organization: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Harokopio, Athens, Greece
– sequence: 12
  givenname: C.
  surname: Breidenassel
  fullname: Breidenassel, C.
  organization: Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
– sequence: 13
  givenname: K.
  surname: Widhalm
  fullname: Widhalm, K.
  organization: Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
– sequence: 14
  givenname: F.
  surname: Gottrand
  fullname: Gottrand, F.
  organization: Inserm U995, University of Lille2, Lille, France
– sequence: 15
  givenname: M.
  surname: Ferrari
  fullname: Ferrari, M.
  organization: National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
– sequence: 16
  givenname: A.
  surname: Kafatos
  fullname: Kafatos, A.
  organization: Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece
– sequence: 17
  givenname: D.
  surname: Molnár
  fullname: Molnár, D.
  organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
– sequence: 18
  givenname: L. A.
  surname: Moreno
  fullname: Moreno, L. A.
  organization: GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
– sequence: 19
  givenname: S.
  surname: De Henauw
  fullname: De Henauw, S.
  organization: Department of Public Health, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
– sequence: 20
  givenname: M. J.
  surname: Castillo
  fullname: Castillo, M. J.
  organization: Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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  surname: Sjöström
  fullname: Sjöström, M.
  organization: Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Institute of Karolinska, Huddinge, Sweden
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Issue 3
Keywords blood pressure
body composition
HELENA study
diet quality index
cardiovascular disease risk
lipid profile
insulin resistance
physical activity
Language English
License 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Notes Spanish Ministry of Education - No. 2008-03806; No. AGL2007-29784-E/ALI; No. AP-2005-3827; No. 2011-09011
Public Health Programme
Table S1. Descriptive characteristics of the European adolescents sample from HELENA study. Table S2. Association between cardiovascular disease risk factors, dietary index, and physical activity in Europeanadolescents. Appendix 1. The names of people involved in the HELENA Study Group.
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Spanish Ministry of Health, Maternal, Child Health and Development Network - No. RD08/0072
Universidad Politécnica of Madrid
European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme - No. 2005-007034
Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation - No. 20090635
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2009; 23
1985; 28
2007; 369
2010; 13
2013; 109
2010
2000; 24
2010; 104
2003; 916
2008; 39
1998; 316
2011; 11
2006
2008; 32
2006; 3
2011; 12
2008; 11
1998; 82
2011; 174
2005; 29
2012; 107
2007; 14
2007; 58
2009; 33
2010; 64
1976; 51
2004; 158
1988; 6
2005; 95
2008; 48
2008; 138
2008; 87
2007; 61
2008; 61
2005; 59
2006; 368
2008; 40
1988; 60
2003; 142
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Snippet To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513;...
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n = 1513;...
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents ( n  =...
To investigate the combined influence of diet quality and physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, adolescents (n=1513;...
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SubjectTerms Accelerometry
Adiposity - physiology
Adolescent
Blood Pressure
body composition
Cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular disease risk
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Child
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, HDL - blood
Diet
Diet - adverse effects
Diet - standards
diet quality index
Exercise
Female
Health Behavior
HELENA study
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Life Style
Lifestyles
lipid profile
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Motor Activity - physiology
Nutrition Assessment
physical activity
Physical fitness
Physical Fitness - physiology
Risk Factors
Teenagers
Triglycerides - blood
Title Combined influence of healthy diet and active lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fsms.12022
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Volume 24
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