Social-ecological alignment and ecological conditions in coral reefs

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 2039 - 10
• Main Authors: Barnes, Michele L., Bodin, Örjan, McClanahan, Tim R., Kittinger, John N., Hoey, Andrew S., Gaoue, Orou G., Graham, Nicholas A. J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 03.05.2019; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 704/158/672; 704/844/685; Alignment; Animals; Biomass; Complexity; Conservation of Natural Resources; Coral Reefs; Ecological conditions; Ecological effects; Environmental conditions; Environmental impact; Fishes; Fishing; Fishing communities; Human-environment relationship; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Kenya; multidisciplinary; Reef fish; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Social Environment; Social organization; Surveys and Questionnaires; Kenya
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09994-1
• ISSN: 2041-1723

Complex social-ecological interactions underpin many environmental problems. To help capture this complexity, we advance an interdisciplinary network modeling framework to identify important relationships between people and nature that can influence environmental conditions. Drawing on comprehensive social and ecological data from five coral reef fishing communities in Kenya; including interviews with 648 fishers, underwater visual census data of reef ecosystem condition, and time-series landings data; we show that positive ecological conditions are associated with ‘social-ecological network closure’ – i.e., fully linked and thus closed network structures between social actors and ecological resources. Our results suggest that when fishers facing common dilemmas form cooperative communication ties with direct resource competitors, they may achieve positive gains in reef fish biomass and functional richness. Our work provides key empirical insight to a growing body of research on social-ecological alignment, and helps to advance an integrative framework that can be applied empirically in different social-ecological contexts. The relationships between people can have important consequences for the systems they depend on. Here the authors show that when coral reef fishers face commons dilemmas, the formation of cooperative communication with competitors can lead to positive gains in reef fish biomass and functional richness.