Patterns and dynamics of genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum : What past human migrations tell us about malaria

Abstract Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations is an essential factor in the parasite's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, enabling th...

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Published inParasitology international Vol. 64; no. 3; pp. 238 - 243
Main Authors Mita, Toshihiro, Jombart, Thibaut
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.06.2015
Subjects
Africa
Antigenic Variation
Bottleneck
Environment
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Genetic diversity
Genetic Variation
Human Migration
Humans
Infectious Disease
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Migration
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Polymorphism, Genetic
Population structure
Africa
Plasmodium falciparum
Bottleneck
Population structure
Genetic diversity
Malaria
Migration
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Abstract Abstract Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations is an essential factor in the parasite's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, enabling the development of drug resistance and the evasion from the host immune system through antigenic variation. Therefore, characterizing these patterns and understanding the main drivers of the pathogen's genetic diversity can provide useful inputs for informing control strategies. In this paper, we review the pioneering work led by Professor Kazuyuki Tanabe on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations. In a first part, we recall basic results from population genetics for quantifying within-population genetic diversity, and discuss the main mechanisms driving this diversity. Then, we show how these approaches have been used for reconstructing the historical spread of malaria worldwide, and how current patterns of genetic diversity suggest that the pathogen followed our ancestors in their journey out of Africa. Because these results are robust to different types of genetic markers, they provide a baseline for predicting the pathogen's diversity in unsampled populations, and some useful elements for predicting vaccine efficacy and informing malaria control strategies.
AbstractList Abstract Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations is an essential factor in the parasite's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, enabling the development of drug resistance and the evasion from the host immune system through antigenic variation. Therefore, characterizing these patterns and understanding the main drivers of the pathogen's genetic diversity can provide useful inputs for informing control strategies. In this paper, we review the pioneering work led by Professor Kazuyuki Tanabe on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations. In a first part, we recall basic results from population genetics for quantifying within-population genetic diversity, and discuss the main mechanisms driving this diversity. Then, we show how these approaches have been used for reconstructing the historical spread of malaria worldwide, and how current patterns of genetic diversity suggest that the pathogen followed our ancestors in their journey out of Africa. Because these results are robust to different types of genetic markers, they provide a baseline for predicting the pathogen's diversity in unsampled populations, and some useful elements for predicting vaccine efficacy and informing malaria control strategies.
Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations is an essential factor in the parasite's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, enabling the development of drug resistance and the evasion from the host immune system through antigenic variation. Therefore, characterizing these patterns and understanding the main drivers of the pathogen's genetic diversity can provide useful inputs for informing control strategies. In this paper, we review the pioneering work led by Professor Kazuyuki Tanabe on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations. In a first part, we recall basic results from population genetics for quantifying within-population genetic diversity, and discuss the main mechanisms driving this diversity. Then, we show how these approaches have been used for reconstructing the historical spread of malaria worldwide, and how current patterns of genetic diversity suggest that the pathogen followed our ancestors in their journey out of Africa. Because these results are robust to different types of genetic markers, they provide a baseline for predicting the pathogen's diversity in unsampled populations, and some useful elements for predicting vaccine efficacy and informing malaria control strategies. [Display omitted] •Genetic diversity of parasites is essential to environmental adaptation.•This potential allows the parasites to develop drug resistance and immune evasion.•The extent of genetic diversity is influenced by individual and population factors.•Human migrations out-of-Africa is the main driver of genetic patterns of parasites.
Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations is an essential factor in the parasite's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, enabling the development of drug resistance and the evasion from the host immune system through antigenic variation. Therefore, characterizing these patterns and understanding the main drivers of the pathogen's genetic diversity can provide useful inputs for informing control strategies. In this paper, we review the pioneering work led by Professor Kazuyuki Tanabe on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations. In a first part, we recall basic results from population genetics for quantifying within-population genetic diversity, and discuss the main mechanisms driving this diversity. Then, we show how these approaches have been used for reconstructing the historical spread of malaria worldwide, and how current patterns of genetic diversity suggest that the pathogen followed our ancestors in their journey out of Africa. Because these results are robust to different types of genetic markers, they provide a baseline for predicting the pathogen's diversity in unsampled populations, and some useful elements for predicting vaccine efficacy and informing malaria control strategies.
Author Mita, Toshihiro
Jombart, Thibaut
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Issue 3
Keywords Plasmodium falciparum
Bottleneck
Population structure
Genetic diversity
Malaria
Migration
Language English
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Snippet Abstract Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic...
Plasmodium falciparum is the main agent of malaria, one of the major human infectious diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. The genetic diversity of...
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StartPage 238
SubjectTerms Africa
Antigenic Variation
Bottleneck
Environment
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Genetic diversity
Genetic Variation
Human Migration
Humans
Infectious Disease
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Migration
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Polymorphism, Genetic
Population structure
Title Patterns and dynamics of genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum : What past human migrations tell us about malaria
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S1383576914001287
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2014.09.007
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305418
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1663897280
Volume 64
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