Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy

This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling loca...

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Published inAnimals (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 6; p. 827
Main Authors Draghi, Susanna, Spinelli, Michele, Fontanarosa, Carolina, Curone, Giulio, Amoresano, Angela, Pignoli, Elisabetta, Cagnardi, Petra, Vigo, Daniele, Arioli, Francesco, Materazzi, Stefano, Risoluti, Roberta, Di Cesare, Federica
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 07.03.2024
MDPI
Subjects
absorption
Age
Analysis
Anemia
Animals
Barley
Behavior
bioindicators
biomonitoring
Cattle
Cobalt
Copper
Diet
Dietary supplements
eco-toxicology
environmental toxicology
Feeds
Foraging behavior
Hogs
home range
Iron
Italy
liver
Meat processing
Metabolism
Molybdenum
muscles
Physiology
Pollutants
Selenium
Soil fertility
Swine
Toxicity
Trace elements
wild boars
United Kingdom
Apennines
Italy
bioindicators
eco-toxicology
biomonitoring
trace elements
environmental toxicology
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Abstract This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.
AbstractList This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.
Simple SummaryTrace elements include both essential and non-essential elements, some of which are pollutants, while others occur naturally in the environment. Imbalances among these elements pose health risks. The wild boar serves as a valuable bioindicator, sharing many behavioral traits with the domestic pig, especially with those extensively bred. This study noted minor geographical variations and observed higher levels of specific trace elements in young boars based on age differences. Although sex had no significant impact, distinctions between wild boars and swine highlighted the dietary and environmental influences on element concentrations, underscoring the wild boar’s role as a bioindicator of environmental elements.AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.
Trace elements include both essential and non-essential elements, some of which are pollutants, while others occur naturally in the environment. Imbalances among these elements pose health risks. The wild boar serves as a valuable bioindicator, sharing many behavioral traits with the domestic pig, especially with those extensively bred. This study noted minor geographical variations and observed higher levels of specific trace elements in young boars based on age differences. Although sex had no significant impact, distinctions between wild boars and swine highlighted the dietary and environmental influences on element concentrations, underscoring the wild boar’s role as a bioindicator of environmental elements.
Trace elements include both essential and non-essential elements, some of which are pollutants, while others occur naturally in the environment. Imbalances among these elements pose health risks. The wild boar serves as a valuable bioindicator, sharing many behavioral traits with the domestic pig, especially with those extensively bred. This study noted minor geographical variations and observed higher levels of specific trace elements in young boars based on age differences. Although sex had no significant impact, distinctions between wild boars and swine highlighted the dietary and environmental influences on element concentrations, underscoring the wild boar’s role as a bioindicator of environmental elements. This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.
This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.
Audience Academic
Author Amoresano, Angela
Draghi, Susanna
Materazzi, Stefano
Spinelli, Michele
Cagnardi, Petra
Vigo, Daniele
Pignoli, Elisabetta
Fontanarosa, Carolina
Curone, Giulio
Di Cesare, Federica
Arioli, Francesco
Risoluti, Roberta
AuthorAffiliation 3 I.N.B.B., Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Roma, Italy
4 Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; stefano.materazzi@uniroma1.it (S.M.); roberta.risoluti@uniroma1.it (R.R.)
2 Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; michele.spinelli@unina.it (M.S.); carolina.fontanarosa@unina.it (C.F.); angela.amoresano@unina.it (A.A.); epignoli@gmail.com (E.P.)
1 Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; susanna.draghi@unimi.it (S.D.); daniele.vigo@unimi.it (D.V.); francesco.arioli@unimi.it (F.A.); federica.dicesare@unimi.it (F.D.C.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; michele.spinelli@unina.it (M.S.); carolina.fontanarosa@unina.it (C.F.); angela.amoresano@unina.it (A.A.); epignoli@gmail.com (E.P.)
– name: 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; susanna.draghi@unimi.it (S.D.); daniele.vigo@unimi.it (D.V.); francesco.arioli@unimi.it (F.A.); federica.dicesare@unimi.it (F.D.C.)
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– name: 4 Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; stefano.materazzi@uniroma1.it (S.M.); roberta.risoluti@uniroma1.it (R.R.)
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
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Snippet This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements,...
Trace elements include both essential and non-essential elements, some of which are pollutants, while others occur naturally in the environment. Imbalances...
Simple SummaryTrace elements include both essential and non-essential elements, some of which are pollutants, while others occur naturally in the environment....
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StartPage 827
SubjectTerms absorption
Age
Analysis
Anemia
Animals
Barley
Behavior
bioindicators
biomonitoring
Cattle
Cobalt
Copper
Diet
Dietary supplements
eco-toxicology
environmental toxicology
Feeds
Foraging behavior
Hogs
home range
Iron
Italy
liver
Meat processing
Metabolism
Molybdenum
muscles
Physiology
Pollutants
Selenium
Soil fertility
Swine
Toxicity
Trace elements
wild boars
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Title Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38539924
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2987141692
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3014005919
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3040442775
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10967638
https://doaj.org/article/2224d7af4ba141fb8958197bfcf66cdd
Volume 14
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