Finger width as a measure of femoral block puncture site: an ultrasonographic anatomical-anthropometric study

• Published in: Journal of clinical anesthesia Vol. 27; no. 7; pp. 553 - 557
• Main Authors: Frković, Vedran, MD, DESA, EDRA, Wärmländer, Sebastian K.T.S., PhD, Petaros, Anja, MD, Španjol-Pandelo, Iva, MD, Ažman, Josip, MD, PhD, DESA, EDRA
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.11.2015; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia; Anesthesia & Perioperative Care; Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage; Anthropometry; Anxiety; Body mass index; Elective Surgical Procedures - methods; Female; Femoral Artery - anatomy & histology; Femoral Artery - diagnostic imaging; Femoral Nerve - anatomy & histology; Femoral Nerve - diagnostic imaging; Femoral nerve blockade; Finger width; Fingers - anatomy & histology; Fingers - diagnostic imaging; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Block - methods; Pain management; Pain Medicine; Patients; Prospective Studies; Puncture site; Regression analysis; Statistical analysis; Trauma; Ultrasonography; Values; Young Adult; United States > US; Finger width; Femoral nerve blockade; Puncture site; Anthropometry
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.07.015
• ISSN: 0952-8180; 1873-4529

Abstract Study objective Femoral nerve blockade is a regional anesthetic procedure that may be used in prehospital and emergency settings in cases of femoral trauma. Its speed and performance depend on how well the puncture site can be accurately located, something that usually is achieved via visible landmarks and/or by combining various universal preestablished measurements. Most of these methods have been derived from cadaver studies, which often suffer limitations in clinical settings. To facilitate a quick and easy determination of the puncture site, we here attempt to find an in vivo anthropometric measure that closely corresponds to the distance between the femoral artery and femoral nerve. Design This is a prospective observational study. Patients The study includes 67 patients presenting for elective surgery. Measurements The distance from the femoral nerve to the femoral artery, projected to the skin, was measured by a 13-MHz ultrasonographic linear probe. Anthropometric measurements of the width of the hand fingers were carried out at the distal interphalangeal joints. Results The distance from the femoral artery to the femoral nerve projected to the skin was found to closely correspond to the width of the fifth finger of the dominant hand measured at the distal interphalangeal joint. Conclusion Because it relies on individual anthropometric information, this finding offers an individualized approach to determining the puncture site in a given patient. We believe that such an approach can improve and simplify femoral nerve blockade procedures in prehospital and emergency settings.