First‐food systems transformations and the ultra‐processing of infant and young child diets: The determinants, dynamics and consequences of the global rise in commercial milk formula consumption

• Published in: Maternal and child nutrition Vol. 17; no. 2; pp. e13097 - n/a
• Main Authors: Baker, Phillip, Santos, Thiago, Neves, Paulo Augusto, Machado, Priscila, Smith, Julie, Piwoz, Ellen, Barros, Aluisio J. D., Victora, Cesar G., McCoy, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.04.2021; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Babies; Baby foods; Baby foods industry; Breast Feeding; Breastfeeding & lactation; breastmilk substitutes; Children; Children & youth; China; commercial determinants of health; Consumption; Diabetes; Diet; Female; Food; Food processing industry; Food systems; Globalization; Health aspects; Health promotion; Health status; Healthy food; Human nutrition; Humans; Inappropriateness; Income; Infant; infant and young child feeding; Infant Food; Infant Formula; Infants; Marketing; Mass media effects; Maternal & child health; Maternal and infant welfare; Maternal characteristics; Medicalization; Milk; Milk, Human; Mothers; Newborn babies; Nutrition; nutrition transition; Original; Ovarian cancer; Sales; Social norms; Sophistication; Supply; Toddlers; Trends; Type 2 diabetes; Urbanization; China; United States > US; marketing; infant and young child feeding; breastmilk substitutes; nutrition transition; infant formula; commercial determinants of health

The inappropriate marketing and aggressive promotion of breastmilk substitutes (BMS) undermines breastfeeding and harms child and maternal health in all country contexts. Although a global milk formula ‘sales boom’ is reportedly underway, few studies have investigated its dynamics and determinants....