First levantine fossil murines shed new light on the earliest intercontinental dispersal of mice

Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an im...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 11874 - 16
Main Authors López-Antoñanzas, Raquel, Renaud, Sabrina, Peláez-Campomanes, Pablo, Azar, Dany, Kachacha, George, Knoll, Fabien
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 29.08.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/181/414
704/2151/414
Africa
Animal Migration - physiology
Animals
Biological Evolution
Diet - history
Dispersal
Earth Sciences
Environment
Europe
Extinction, Biological
Fossils - anatomy & histology
Fossils - history
History, Ancient
Humanities and Social Sciences
Insectivores
Lebanon
Mice
Miocene
Molar - anatomy & histology
Molar - physiology
multidisciplinary
Muridae - anatomy & histology
Muridae - classification
Muridae - physiology
Neogene
New species
Paleontology
Phylogeny
Phylogeography
Physical characteristics
Rodents
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sciences of the Universe
Teeth
Lebanon
Europe
Africa
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Abstract Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys , which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo . Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys .
AbstractList Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys, which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo. Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys.
Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys, which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo. Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys.Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys, which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo. Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys.
Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys , which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo . Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys .
The Murinae represent the largest subfamily of mammals, comprising 656 species and 135 genera1. This groupof rodents constitutes one of the most evolutionarily successful clades of mammals, displaying an outstandingdiversity, a virtually cosmopolitan distribution and a wide array of feeding preferences. They supposedly originatedin the Middle Miocene of southern Asia, as their earliest representatives (Antemus) have been recordedin Siwaliks deposits about 14 Ma of age2–4. However, the full development of the dental pattern seen in modernmurines (with three strong chevrons in the M1) was achieved later, with the appearance of Progonomys inLate Miocene deposits of the same area dating 12.4 Ma2–4. Progonomys is probably one of the most importanttaxa in the history of murine rodents, not only because it was the earliest taxon to acquire the derived dentalcharacters of the crown murines, but also because it was the first modern representative of the group to spreadout of southern Asia. Progonomys dispersed from southern Asia to Europe and Africa at the beginning of theLate Miocene (~11 Ma). This dispersal and that of the three-toed horse Hipparion are seen as the two mostremarkable Late Miocene events in the history of Old World mammals5. The possible routes and timing ofthis first murine dispersal have been the subject of hypotheses6–8, which have remained educated guesses inthe absence of data from the Arabian area. Fossil material collected during excavations in the summer of 2013and 2018 in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon provides an opportunity to address this gap in our knowledge.Our fieldworks resulted indeed in the discovery of the first Progonomys from the whole Arabian area, whichconstitutes the first physical evidence about the dispersal of the earliest murines from southern Asia to Africathrough the Levant.
ArticleNumber 11874
Author Peláez-Campomanes, Pablo
Kachacha, George
Knoll, Fabien
Renaud, Sabrina
Azar, Dany
López-Antoñanzas, Raquel
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  organization: Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, ARAID—Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinopolis, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Science, University of Manchester
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Snippet Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these,...
The Murinae represent the largest subfamily of mammals, comprising 656 species and 135 genera1. This groupof rodents constitutes one of the most evolutionarily...
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SubjectTerms 631/181/414
704/2151/414
Africa
Animal Migration - physiology
Animals
Biological Evolution
Diet - history
Dispersal
Earth Sciences
Environment
Europe
Extinction, Biological
Fossils - anatomy & histology
Fossils - history
History, Ancient
Humanities and Social Sciences
Insectivores
Lebanon
Mice
Miocene
Molar - anatomy & histology
Molar - physiology
multidisciplinary
Muridae - anatomy & histology
Muridae - classification
Muridae - physiology
Neogene
New species
Paleontology
Phylogeny
Phylogeography
Physical characteristics
Rodents
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sciences of the Universe
Teeth
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Title First levantine fossil murines shed new light on the earliest intercontinental dispersal of mice
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