The evolution and future of influenza pandemic preparedness

The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become app...

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Published inExperimental & molecular medicine Vol. 53; no. 5; pp. 737 - 749
Main Authors Harrington, Walter N., Kackos, Christina M., Webby, Richard J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.05.2021
Springer Nature B.V
생화학분자생물학회
Subjects
692/699/255
692/699/255/1578
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Coronaviridae
Coronaviruses
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Disease control
Disease transmission
Humans
Influenza
Influenza A virus - isolation & purification
Influenza, Human - epidemiology
Influenza, Human - prevention & control
Medical Biochemistry
Molecular Medicine
Pandemics
Pandemics - prevention & control
Review
Review Article
Risk Assessment
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Stem Cells
Strains (organisms)
Surveillance
Vaccine development
World Health Organization
생화학
United States > US
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises. Influenza: Learning to plan for pandemics The long history of combating and planning for influenza pandemics should inform the fight against novel coronaviruses such as SARS-Cov-2. Richard Webby and co-workers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, USA review the history of preparing for influenza pandemics, including the global influenza surveillance network set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1950s. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic prompted WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop more detailed risk assessment tools drawing on laboratory research, genomics, industrial vaccine development, and surveillance of emerging animal strains that might transfer to humans. These tools and experience are proving successful in containing the H7N9 influenza that emerged in 2013, and could serve as models for managing coronaviruses, whose pandemic potential has only become apparent in the past two decades.
AbstractList The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises.Influenza: Learning to plan for pandemicsThe long history of combating and planning for influenza pandemics should inform the fight against novel coronaviruses such as SARS-Cov-2. Richard Webby and co-workers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, USA review the history of preparing for influenza pandemics, including the global influenza surveillance network set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1950s. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic prompted WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop more detailed risk assessment tools drawing on laboratory research, genomics, industrial vaccine development, and surveillance of emerging animal strains that might transfer to humans. These tools and experience are proving successful in containing the H7N9 influenza that emerged in 2013, and could serve as models for managing coronaviruses, whose pandemic potential has only become apparent in the past two decades.
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises.
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises. The long history of combating and planning for influenza pandemics should inform the fight against novel coronaviruses such as SARS-Cov-2. Richard Webby and co-workers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, USA review the history of preparing for influenza pandemics, including the global influenza surveillance network set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1950s. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic prompted WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop more detailed risk assessment tools drawing on laboratory research, genomics, industrial vaccine development, and surveillance of emerging animal strains that might transfer to humans. These tools and experience are proving successful in containing the H7N9 influenza that emerged in 2013, and could serve as models for managing coronaviruses, whose pandemic potential has only become apparent in the past two decades.
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises.The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises.
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises. Influenza: Learning to plan for pandemics The long history of combating and planning for influenza pandemics should inform the fight against novel coronaviruses such as SARS-Cov-2. Richard Webby and co-workers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, USA review the history of preparing for influenza pandemics, including the global influenza surveillance network set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1950s. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic prompted WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop more detailed risk assessment tools drawing on laboratory research, genomics, industrial vaccine development, and surveillance of emerging animal strains that might transfer to humans. These tools and experience are proving successful in containing the H7N9 influenza that emerged in 2013, and could serve as models for managing coronaviruses, whose pandemic potential has only become apparent in the past two decades.
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises. KCI Citation Count: 0
Author Webby, Richard J.
Kackos, Christina M.
Harrington, Walter N.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Walter N.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3314-584X
  surname: Harrington
  fullname: Harrington, Walter N.
  organization: Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Christina M.
  surname: Kackos
  fullname: Kackos, Christina M.
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