Details of Insect Wing Design and Deformation Enhance Aerodynamic Function and Flight Efficiency
Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation based on detailed wing kinematics. We validated the simulation against smoke visualization...
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| Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 325; no. 5947; pp. 1549 - 1552 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington, DC
American Association for the Advancement of Science
18.09.2009
The American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation based on detailed wing kinematics. We validated the simulation against smoke visualizations and digital particle image velocimetry on real locusts. We then used the validated model to explore the effects of wing topography and deformation, first by removing camber while keeping the same time-varying twist distribution, and second by removing camber and spanwise twist. The full-fidelity model achieved greater power economy than the uncambered model, which performed better than the untwisted model, showing that the details of insect wing topography and deformation are important aerodynamically. Such details are likely to be important in engineering applications of flapping flight. |
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| AbstractList | Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation based on detailed wing kinematics. We validated the simulation against smoke visualizations and digital particle image velocimetry on real locusts. We then used the validated model to explore the effects of wing topography and deformation, first by removing camber while keeping the same time-varying twist distribution, and second by removing camber and spanwise twist. The full- fidelity model achieved greater power economy than the uncambered model, which performed better than the untwisted model, showing that the details of insect wing topography and deformation are important aerodynamically. Such details are likely to be important in engineering applications of flapping flight. Locust Wing Aerodynamics Insect wings function as deformable aerofoils, but the precise aerodynamic benefits of the observed deformations have remained obscure. Previous models have treated the wing as a flat plate, lacking any deformation, even though it is clear that the locust wing can twist and rotate along its length. Young et al. (p. 1549 ) validate a computational fluid dynamic model, using particle imaging velocimetry and smoke visualization of the flow around actual locusts, and use the model to investigate the effect of measured changes in wing shape during a stroke cycle. The complexity of insect wing venation directly affects the aerodynamics of flight via the intermediary of wing deformation. Measurements of locust wing kinematics validate a fluid dynamics model of the aerodynamic effects of wing deformation. Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation based on detailed wing kinematics. We validated the simulation against smoke visualizations and digital particle image velocimetry on real locusts. We then used the validated model to explore the effects of wing topography and deformation, first by removing camber while keeping the same time-varying twist distribution, and second by removing camber and spanwise twist. The full-fidelity model achieved greater power economy than the uncambered model, which performed better than the untwisted model, showing that the details of insect wing topography and deformation are important aerodynamically. Such details are likely to be important in engineering applications of flapping flight. Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation based on detailed wing kinematics. We validated the simulation against smoke visualizations and digital particle image velocimetry on real locusts. We then used the validated model to explore the effects of wing topography and deformation, first by removing camber while keeping the same time-varying twist distribution, and second by removing camber and spanwise twist. The full-fidelity model achieved greater power economy than the uncambered model, which performed better than the untwisted model, showing that the details of insect wing topography and deformation are important aerodynamically. Such details are likely to be important in engineering applications of flapping flight. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Taylor, Graham K. Young, John Thomas, Adrian L. R. Walker, Simon M. Bomphrey, Richard J. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: John surname: Young fullname: Young, John – sequence: 2 givenname: Simon M. surname: Walker fullname: Walker, Simon M. – sequence: 3 givenname: Richard J. surname: Bomphrey fullname: Bomphrey, Richard J. – sequence: 4 givenname: Graham K. surname: Taylor fullname: Taylor, Graham K. – sequence: 5 givenname: Adrian L. R. surname: Thomas fullname: Thomas, Adrian L. R. |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21970490$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19762645$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright 2009 American Association for the Advancement of Science 2009 INIST-CNRS Copyright © 2009, American Association for the Advancement of Science |
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| DOI | 10.1126/science.1175928 |
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| Keywords | Animal model Wing Deformation Computational fluid dynamics Orthoptera Insecta Flight Aerodynamics Acrididae Design Locomotion Engineering Arthropoda Morphology Kinematics Acridoidea Schistocerca gregaria Invertebrata Performance |
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| Snippet | Insect wings are complex structures that deform dramatically in flight. We analyzed the aerodynamic consequences of wing deformation in locusts using a... Locust Wing Aerodynamics Insect wings function as deformable aerofoils, but the precise aerodynamic benefits of the observed deformations have remained... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aerodynamic lift Aerodynamics Airfoil camber Anatomy & physiology Animals Biological and medical sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics. Biorheology Charge flow devices Computer Simulation Deformation Economic modeling Economic models Flight, Animal - physiology Flow distribution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Grasshoppers - anatomy & histology Grasshoppers - physiology Insecta Insects Invertebrates Kinematics Locusts Models, Biological Movement Simulation Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics Vehicular flight Wings, Animal - anatomy & histology Wings, Animal - physiology |
| Title | Details of Insect Wing Design and Deformation Enhance Aerodynamic Function and Flight Efficiency |
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