Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis treatment

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 20; no. 3; p. e0319920
• Main Authors: Zhou, Yuanfeng, Yang, Qian, Zhou, Zhangming, Yang, Xin, Zheng, Danni, He, Zhongchun, Liu, Yizhou, Xu, Tianzhu, Yin, Ying, Wei, Wenhui, Si, Chunli, Zhang, Bozhi, Yu, Jianping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 27.03.2025; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Administration, Intravenous; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood; Blood Platelets; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia - drug therapy; Brain Ischemia - immunology; Brain research; Care and treatment; Clinical outcomes; Edema; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - immunology; Intravenous administration; Intravenous therapy; Ischemia; Ischemic Stroke - drug therapy; Ischemic Stroke - immunology; Laboratories; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Lymphocytes; Magnetic resonance imaging; Male; Medical examination; Medical prognosis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Normal distribution; Patient outcomes; Patients; Prognosis; Regression analysis; Retrospective Studies; ROC Curve; Sensitivity; Statistical analysis; Stroke; Stroke patients; Thrombolysis; Thrombolytic Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Tumors; China
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319920
• ISSN: 1932-6203

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been proven to predict the outcome in cancerous and non-cancerous diseases. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SII and other inflammatory markers and the prognosis in patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Acute ischemic stroke patients treated with IVT were collected retrospectively. SII, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were constructed based on admission blood testing. Favorable outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale of less than or equal to 2 at 90 days. In addition to outcome, cerebral edema was analyzed. The severity of brain edema was graded into three levels according to Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study. Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) was defined as brain edema with midline shift. 278 patients were included. 140 (50.4%) achieved favorable outcome, 35 (12.6%) developed MCE. In patients with favorable outcomes, the levels of SII, NLR and PLR were lower compared to those with unfavorable outcomes [422.33 (258.69-624.68) vs 1269.83 (750.82-2497.22), p < 0.001; 2.73 (1.68-4.40) vs 4.76 (2.59-7.72), p < 0.001; 92.98 (62.35-126.24) vs 115.64 (85.51-179.04), p < 0.001]. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 0.698 for SII (95% CI = 0.637-0.760, p < 0.001), 0.694 for NLR (95% CI = 0.632-0.756, p < 0.001), 0.643 for PLR (95% CI = 0.579-0.707, p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off values were 652.73 for SII (sensitivity 0.572, specificity 0.786), 3.57 for NLR (sensitivity 0.659, specificity 0.693), 127.01 for PLR (sensitivity 0.457, specificity 0.757). An early increase in SII levels was related to 3 months of unfavorable outcomes in AIS patients after IVT. However, it is not associated with malignant edema.