Pronounced femur malunion after pathological bone fracture due to a simple bone cyst in the shaft of the femur, treated using Ilizarov fixation: a case report

Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previo...

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Published inJournal of medical case reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 173
Main Authors Nishiwaki, Toru, Uchikawa, Shinichi, Kusakabe, Hiroshi, Seki, Atsuhito, Eguchi, Yoshitaka, Takayama, Shinichiro, Oya, Akihito, Nakamura, Masaya, Matsumoto, Morio, Kanaji, Arihiko
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 21.06.2018
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Abstract Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. A 9-year, 7-month-old Japanese girl was referred to our facility with obvious deformity of her right femur, caused by multiple simple bone cyst-related pathological fractures. The deformity included bowing of approximately 90° and an internal rotation of 60° in the middle third of the femoral shaft. To correct this deformity, we excised the lesion, thus shortening the femur, then corrected the alignment and applied an Ilizarov fixator to extend the bone. At present, 3 years after surgery, the deformity has not recurred and our patient is living without any limitations in daily activities or regular exercise. When a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues.
AbstractList Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. When a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues.
Background Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. Case presentation A 9-year, 7-month-old Japanese girl was referred to our facility with obvious deformity of her right femur, caused by multiple simple bone cyst-related pathological fractures. The deformity included bowing of approximately 90[degrees] and an internal rotation of 60[degrees] in the middle third of the femoral shaft. To correct this deformity, we excised the lesion, thus shortening the femur, then corrected the alignment and applied an Ilizarov fixator to extend the bone. At present, 3 years after surgery, the deformity has not recurred and our patient is living without any limitations in daily activities or regular exercise. Conclusions When a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues. Keywords: Pathological bone fracture, Simple bone cyst, Malunion
[...]we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. Alignment of the right femur was successful and most of the difference in length was corrected Discussion and conclusions There are several reports on the successful treatment of SBC in long bones using: curettage/bone graft (artificial or autologous); infusion therapy, such as steroids and autologous bone marrow liquid; and drilling hollow screws to reduce pressure [3, 7–12]. For our patient, we considered the following two potential methods to correct alignment and lengthen the bone after removing the lesion: shortening of the bone (with SBC resection), and correction of alignment and subsequent lengthening of the bone; or soft tissue release, including the iliotibial tract, maintaining the length and alignment of the bone and filling the bone deficiency with vascularized autologous bone graft or bone transport. Considering the invasiveness of soft tissue release and the ease of bone resection with subsequent lengthening, we deemed this latter approach as being the most conducive to achieving favorable clinical and functional outcomes, including gradual lengthening of soft unbalanced soft tissues. [...]for cases of progressive long bone deformity in a young child, associated with unbalanced soft tissues, we believe that our shortening-distraction method can be an extremely effective treatment that can be used to provide early correction and stabilization of the long bone.
BACKGROUNDAlthough a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction.CASE PRESENTATIONA 9-year, 7-month-old Japanese girl was referred to our facility with obvious deformity of her right femur, caused by multiple simple bone cyst-related pathological fractures. The deformity included bowing of approximately 90° and an internal rotation of 60° in the middle third of the femoral shaft. To correct this deformity, we excised the lesion, thus shortening the femur, then corrected the alignment and applied an Ilizarov fixator to extend the bone. At present, 3 years after surgery, the deformity has not recurred and our patient is living without any limitations in daily activities or regular exercise.CONCLUSIONSWhen a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues.
Abstract Background Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. Case presentation A 9-year, 7-month-old Japanese girl was referred to our facility with obvious deformity of her right femur, caused by multiple simple bone cyst-related pathological fractures. The deformity included bowing of approximately 90° and an internal rotation of 60° in the middle third of the femoral shaft. To correct this deformity, we excised the lesion, thus shortening the femur, then corrected the alignment and applied an Ilizarov fixator to extend the bone. At present, 3 years after surgery, the deformity has not recurred and our patient is living without any limitations in daily activities or regular exercise. Conclusions When a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues.
Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity after multiple pathological fractures due to simple bone cysts, and consider the reason for the progression of malunion despite multiple previous treatments. Finally, we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. A 9-year, 7-month-old Japanese girl was referred to our facility with obvious deformity of her right femur, caused by multiple simple bone cyst-related pathological fractures. The deformity included bowing of approximately 90° and an internal rotation of 60° in the middle third of the femoral shaft. To correct this deformity, we excised the lesion, thus shortening the femur, then corrected the alignment and applied an Ilizarov fixator to extend the bone. At present, 3 years after surgery, the deformity has not recurred and our patient is living without any limitations in daily activities or regular exercise. When a long bone is in a prolonged state of deformation, the deformity not only progresses as the bone grows, but the soft tissues remain unbalanced and treatment becomes increasingly difficult. To prevent increasing bone deformity and fragility, the deformity should be corrected as quickly as possible using intramedullary nailing or other fixation techniques. We believe that our shortening-distraction method is effective for the treatment of severe deformity with unbalanced soft tissues.
ArticleNumber 173
Audience Academic
Author Uchikawa, Shinichi
Kusakabe, Hiroshi
Eguchi, Yoshitaka
Nishiwaki, Toru
Seki, Atsuhito
Nakamura, Masaya
Matsumoto, Morio
Takayama, Shinichiro
Oya, Akihito
Kanaji, Arihiko
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  givenname: Masaya
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  email: hikokanaji@gmail.com
  organization: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. hikokanaji@gmail.com
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Issue 1
Keywords Malunion
Simple bone cyst
Pathological bone fracture
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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– volume: 13
  start-page: 44
  year: 2003
  ident: 1710_CR13
  publication-title: Eur J Pediatr Surg
  doi: 10.1055/s-2003-38288
  contributor:
    fullname: P Knorr
– volume: 82-A
  start-page: 1447
  year: 2000
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  publication-title: J Bone Joint Surg Am
  doi: 10.2106/00004623-200010000-00011
  contributor:
    fullname: A Roposch
– volume: 111
  start-page: 297
  year: 1992
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  publication-title: Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
  doi: 10.1007/BF00420053
  contributor:
    fullname: J Mylle
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Snippet Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral deformity...
Background Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral...
[...]we propose a treatment option for malunion correction. Alignment of the right femur was successful and most of the difference in length was corrected...
BACKGROUNDAlthough a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe femoral...
Abstract Background Although a simple bone cyst carries the risk of pathological fractures, it rarely causes severe deformity. Here we report a case of severe...
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StartPage 173
SubjectTerms Age
Bone cysts
Bone Cysts - complications
Bone Cysts - surgery
Bone marrow
Care and treatment
Case Report
Case reports
Child
Complications and side effects
Cysts
Disease Progression
Female
Femoral Fractures - etiology
Femoral Fractures - surgery
Femur - surgery
Fractures
Fractures (Injuries)
Fractures, Malunited - etiology
Fractures, Malunited - surgery
Fractures, Spontaneous - etiology
Fractures, Spontaneous - surgery
Humans
Ilizarov Technique
Malunion
Orthopedic fixation devices
Pathological bone fracture
Risk factors
Simple bone cyst
Surgery
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Title Pronounced femur malunion after pathological bone fracture due to a simple bone cyst in the shaft of the femur, treated using Ilizarov fixation: a case report
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29925426
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Volume 12
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