Sequestration of holotrich protozoa in the reticulo-rumen of cattle

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Published inApplied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 758 - 765
Main Authors Abe, M, Iriki, T, Tobe, N, Shibui, H
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.03.1981
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AbstractList Studies were carried out to determine the means by which holotrich protozoa can maintain their numbers within the rumen against the washout effect associated with the flow of ingesta. When a diet composed of 2 kg of concentrate and 1.5 kg of rice straw was fed to Holstein cows, about a fourfold increase in holotrich numbers per ml of rumen fluid was observed within 1 h after the commencement of feeding, and an abrupt decrease followed. This fluctuation in numbers was not related to the time of feeding. A sole feeding of 2 kg of concentrate had almost the same effect on the holotrichs as a sole feeding of 1.5 kg of rice straw. Administration of either 2 kg of concentrate or 1.5 kg of rice straw through the rumen fistula caused similar changes, though the extent of response to the former was greater than that to the latter. The administration of either 0.7 kg of starch or 0.2 kg of glucose through the fistula had a relatively minor effect on the holotrich population. Addition of rice straw to 0.5 kg of concentrate increased the change in numbers, but its addition had little, if any, effect when 1 kg of concentrate was fed. These results suggested that the fluctuation in holotrich numbers was related not only to the nature or component of feed but also to other factors such as the quantity or volume of a diet and the act of ingesting feed. Increasing the number of feedings up to eight times per day at 3-h intervals caused a decrease in the peak heights of holotrich numbers per milliliter of rumen fluid. A thick protozoal mass which primarily consisted of holotrichs was found on the wall of the reticulum of Holstein steers slaughtered after overnight starvation. These findings suggest that holotrichs would usually sequester on the reticulum wall and migrate into the rumen only for a few hours after feeding, and that this mode of behavior would be essential for holotrichs to maintain their population within the rumen of cattle. Possible mechanisms of the migration are also discussed.
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Author Shibui H
Abe M
Iriki T
Tobe N
AuthorAffiliation 1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara-shi 229, Japan
2 Laboratory of Nippon Formula Feed Manufacturing Co., 4-1-1 Higashiterao, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230, Japan
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara-shi 229, Japan
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Studies were carried out to determine the means by which holotrich protozoa can maintain their numbers within the rumen against the washout effect associated...
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SubjectTerms Animal Feed
Animals
Cattle - parasitology
Eating
Eukaryota - growth & development
General Microbial Ecology
Rumen - parasitology
Title Sequestration of holotrich protozoa in the reticulo-rumen of cattle
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