Pioglitazone, Vitamin E, or Placebo for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

In this randomized trial comparing vitamin E, pioglitazone, and placebo in adults without diabetes who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis than was placebo (43% vs. 19%). Significant benefi...

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Published in	The New England journal of medicine Vol. 362; no. 18; pp. 1675 - 1685
Main Authors	Sanyal, Arun J, Chalasani, Naga, Kowdley, Kris V, McCullough, Arthur, Diehl, Anna Mae, Bass, Nathan M, Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A, Lavine, Joel E, Tonascia, James, Unalp, Aynur, Van Natta, Mark, Clark, Jeanne, Brunt, Elizabeth M, Kleiner, David E, Hoofnagle, Jay H, Robuck, Patricia R
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Waltham, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 06.05.2010
Subjects	Adult Antioxidants - adverse effects Antioxidants - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Chi-Square Distribution Diabetes Disease Double-Blind Method Drug therapy Fatty Liver - drug therapy Fatty Liver - pathology Fatty Liver - physiopathology Female General aspects Humans Hypoglycemic Agents - adverse effects Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use Insulin Resistance Intention to Treat Analysis Liver - pathology Liver diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Oxidative stress Pioglitazone Thiazolidinediones - adverse effects Thiazolidinediones - therapeutic use Transaminases - blood Vitamin E - adverse effects Vitamin E - therapeutic use Weight Gain - drug effects Medicine Hypoglycemic agent Digestive system Vitamin E Liver Pioglitazone Placebo Thiazolidinedione derivatives Steatosis
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Abstract	In this randomized trial comparing vitamin E, pioglitazone, and placebo in adults without diabetes who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis than was placebo (43% vs. 19%). Significant benefits of pioglitazone over placebo were shown for some secondary outcomes but not for the primary outcome. In adults who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement than was placebo. Significant benefits of pioglitazone over placebo were shown for some secondary outcomes. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that is characterized histologically by hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning 1 , 2 ; it can progress to cirrhosis in up to 15% of patients. 3 , 4 There is currently no therapy that is of proven benefit for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The disease is closely associated with insulin resistance and features of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and type 2 diabetes. 5 , 6 In addition to insulin resistance, oxidative stress has been implicated as a key factor contributing to hepatic injury in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 6 , 7 Thus, both insulin resistance and oxidative stress . . .
AbstractList	Background Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease. Methods We randomly assigned 247 adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P=0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P=0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P=0.02 for vitamin E and P=0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P=0.24 for vitamin E and P=0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups. Conclusions Vitamin E was superior to placebo for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00063622 .) Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease.BACKGROUNDNonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease.We randomly assigned 247 adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance.METHODSWe randomly assigned 247 adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance.Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P=0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P=0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P=0.02 for vitamin E and P=0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P=0.24 for vitamin E and P=0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups.RESULTSVitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P=0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P=0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P=0.02 for vitamin E and P=0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P=0.24 for vitamin E and P=0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups.Vitamin E was superior to placebo for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00063622.)CONCLUSIONSVitamin E was superior to placebo for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00063622.) In this randomized trial comparing vitamin E, pioglitazone, and placebo in adults without diabetes who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis than was placebo (43% vs. 19%). Significant benefits of pioglitazone over placebo were shown for some secondary outcomes but not for the primary outcome. In adults who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement than was placebo. Significant benefits of pioglitazone over placebo were shown for some secondary outcomes. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that is characterized histologically by hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning 1 , 2 ; it can progress to cirrhosis in up to 15% of patients. 3 , 4 There is currently no therapy that is of proven benefit for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The disease is closely associated with insulin resistance and features of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and type 2 diabetes. 5 , 6 In addition to insulin resistance, oxidative stress has been implicated as a key factor contributing to hepatic injury in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 6 , 7 Thus, both insulin resistance and oxidative stress . . . Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease. Methods: We randomly assigned 247 adults with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P = 0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P = 0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P < 0.001 for both comparisons ), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P = 0.005 for vitamin B and P < 0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P = 0.02 for vitamin E and P = 0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P = 0.24 for vitamin E and P = 0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups. Conclusions: Vitamin B was superior to placebo for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (Clinical Trials.gov number, NCT0063622.) Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease. We randomly assigned 247 adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and without diabetes to receive pioglitazone at a dose of 30 mg daily (80 subjects), vitamin E at a dose of 800 IU daily (84 subjects), or placebo (83 subjects), for 96 weeks. The primary outcome was an improvement in histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, as assessed with the use of a composite of standardized scores for steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. Given the two planned primary comparisons, P values of less than 0.025 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (43% vs. 19%, P=0.001), but the difference in the rate of improvement with pioglitazone as compared with placebo was not significant (34% and 19%, respectively; P=0.04). Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone) and lobular inflammation (P=0.02 for vitamin E and P=0.004 for pioglitazone) but not with improvement in fibrosis scores (P=0.24 for vitamin E and P=0.12 for pioglitazone). Subjects who received pioglitazone gained more weight than did those who received vitamin E or placebo; the rates of other side effects were similar among the three groups. Vitamin E was superior to placebo for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in adults without diabetes. There was no benefit of pioglitazone over placebo for the primary outcome; however, significant benefits of pioglitazone were observed for some of the secondary outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00063622.)
Author	Tonascia, James McCullough, Arthur Unalp, Aynur Brunt, Elizabeth M Chalasani, Naga Lavine, Joel E Bass, Nathan M Kowdley, Kris V Hoofnagle, Jay H Diehl, Anna Mae Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A Van Natta, Mark Clark, Jeanne Robuck, Patricia R Kleiner, David E Sanyal, Arun J
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Arun J surname: Sanyal fullname: Sanyal, Arun J – sequence: 2 givenname: Naga surname: Chalasani fullname: Chalasani, Naga – sequence: 3 givenname: Kris V surname: Kowdley fullname: Kowdley, Kris V – sequence: 4 givenname: Arthur surname: McCullough fullname: McCullough, Arthur – sequence: 5 givenname: Anna Mae surname: Diehl fullname: Diehl, Anna Mae – sequence: 6 givenname: Nathan M surname: Bass fullname: Bass, Nathan M – sequence: 7 givenname: Brent A surname: Neuschwander-Tetri fullname: Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A – sequence: 8 givenname: Joel E surname: Lavine fullname: Lavine, Joel E – sequence: 9 givenname: James surname: Tonascia fullname: Tonascia, James – sequence: 10 givenname: Aynur surname: Unalp fullname: Unalp, Aynur – sequence: 11 givenname: Mark surname: Van Natta fullname: Van Natta, Mark – sequence: 12 givenname: Jeanne surname: Clark fullname: Clark, Jeanne – sequence: 13 givenname: Elizabeth M surname: Brunt fullname: Brunt, Elizabeth M – sequence: 14 givenname: David E surname: Kleiner fullname: Kleiner, David E – sequence: 15 givenname: Jay H surname: Hoofnagle fullname: Hoofnagle, Jay H – sequence: 16 givenname: Patricia R surname: Robuck fullname: Robuck, Patricia R
BackLink	http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22752281$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20427778$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	Copyright © 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved. 2015 INIST-CNRS 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society Copyright © 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society. 2010
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Keywords	Medicine Hypoglycemic agent Digestive system Vitamin E Liver Pioglitazone Placebo Thiazolidinedione derivatives Steatosis
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Snippet	In this randomized trial comparing vitamin E, pioglitazone, and placebo in adults without diabetes who had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, vitamin E therapy was... Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this disease. We... Background Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this... Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this... Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is a common liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis. Currently, there is no established treatment for this...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Antioxidants - adverse effects Antioxidants - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Chi-Square Distribution Diabetes Disease Double-Blind Method Drug therapy Fatty Liver - drug therapy Fatty Liver - pathology Fatty Liver - physiopathology Female General aspects Humans Hypoglycemic Agents - adverse effects Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use Insulin Resistance Intention to Treat Analysis Liver - pathology Liver diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Oxidative stress Pioglitazone Thiazolidinediones - adverse effects Thiazolidinediones - therapeutic use Transaminases - blood Vitamin E - adverse effects Vitamin E - therapeutic use Weight Gain - drug effects
Title	Pioglitazone, Vitamin E, or Placebo for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
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