Update on Classic and Novel Approaches in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the...

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Published inBiomedicines Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 1772
Main Authors Greco, Salvatore, Fabbri, Nicolò, Spaggiari, Riccardo, De Giorgi, Alfredo, Fabbian, Fabio, Giovine, Antonio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.06.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Androgens
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Clinical medicine
Clinical practice guidelines
Drug approval
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Immunotherapy
Metastases
Metastasis
Prognosis
Reviews
Revisions
Systematic Review
treatment
triple-negative breast cancer
Canada
treatment
breast cancer
triple-negative breast cancer
systematic review
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Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the last two to three years, even if targeted and specific therapeutic options are still missing; this unmet need is further justified by the extreme molecular and clinical heterogeneity of this subtype of breast cancer and by the weak response to both single-agent and combined therapies. In March 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the main association of cancer centers in the United States, released the last clinical practice guidelines, with an update on classic and novel approaches in the field of breast cancer. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the latest findings in the setting of metastatic TNBC treatment, focusing on each category of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and included in the NCCN guidelines. We also introduce part of the latest published studies, which have reported new and promising molecules able to specifically target some of the biomarkers involved in TNBC pathogenesis. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases for free full texts reported in the literature of the last 5 years, using the words “triple-negative breast cancer” or “TNBC” or “basal-like”. The articles were analyzed by the authors independently and double-blindly, and a total of 114 articles were included in the review.
AbstractList Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the last two to three years, even if targeted and specific therapeutic options are still missing; this unmet need is further justified by the extreme molecular and clinical heterogeneity of this subtype of breast cancer and by the weak response to both single-agent and combined therapies. In March 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the main association of cancer centers in the United States, released the last clinical practice guidelines, with an update on classic and novel approaches in the field of breast cancer. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the latest findings in the setting of metastatic TNBC treatment, focusing on each category of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and included in the NCCN guidelines. We also introduce part of the latest published studies, which have reported new and promising molecules able to specifically target some of the biomarkers involved in TNBC pathogenesis. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases for free full texts reported in the literature of the last 5 years, using the words "triple-negative breast cancer" or "TNBC" or "basal-like". The articles were analyzed by the authors independently and double-blindly, and a total of 114 articles were included in the review.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the last two to three years, even if targeted and specific therapeutic options are still missing; this unmet need is further justified by the extreme molecular and clinical heterogeneity of this subtype of breast cancer and by the weak response to both single-agent and combined therapies. In March 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the main association of cancer centers in the United States, released the last clinical practice guidelines, with an update on classic and novel approaches in the field of breast cancer. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the latest findings in the setting of metastatic TNBC treatment, focusing on each category of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and included in the NCCN guidelines. We also introduce part of the latest published studies, which have reported new and promising molecules able to specifically target some of the biomarkers involved in TNBC pathogenesis. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases for free full texts reported in the literature of the last 5 years, using the words "triple-negative breast cancer" or "TNBC" or "basal-like". The articles were analyzed by the authors independently and double-blindly, and a total of 114 articles were included in the review.Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the last two to three years, even if targeted and specific therapeutic options are still missing; this unmet need is further justified by the extreme molecular and clinical heterogeneity of this subtype of breast cancer and by the weak response to both single-agent and combined therapies. In March 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the main association of cancer centers in the United States, released the last clinical practice guidelines, with an update on classic and novel approaches in the field of breast cancer. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the latest findings in the setting of metastatic TNBC treatment, focusing on each category of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and included in the NCCN guidelines. We also introduce part of the latest published studies, which have reported new and promising molecules able to specifically target some of the biomarkers involved in TNBC pathogenesis. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases for free full texts reported in the literature of the last 5 years, using the words "triple-negative breast cancer" or "TNBC" or "basal-like". The articles were analyzed by the authors independently and double-blindly, and a total of 114 articles were included in the review.
Audience Academic
Author Greco, Salvatore
Spaggiari, Riccardo
De Giorgi, Alfredo
Fabbian, Fabio
Fabbri, Nicolò
Giovine, Antonio
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Delta Hospital, Via Valle Oppio 2, 44023 Ferrara, Italy; a.giovine@ausl.fe.it
3 Department of General Surgery, Delta Hospital, Via Valle Oppio 2, 44023 Ferrara, Italy; n.fabbri@ausl.fe.it
4 Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; degiorgialfredo@libero.it
1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; salvatore.greco@unife.it (S.G.); riccardo.spaggiari@unife.it (R.S.)
5 Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; degiorgialfredo@libero.it
– name: 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Delta Hospital, Via Valle Oppio 2, 44023 Ferrara, Italy; a.giovine@ausl.fe.it
– name: 5 Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
– name: 3 Department of General Surgery, Delta Hospital, Via Valle Oppio 2, 44023 Ferrara, Italy; n.fabbri@ausl.fe.it
– name: 1 Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; salvatore.greco@unife.it (S.G.); riccardo.spaggiari@unife.it (R.S.)
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  surname: Giovine
  fullname: Giovine, Antonio
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Issue 6
Keywords treatment
breast cancer
triple-negative breast cancer
systematic review
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
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Snippet Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with...
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SubjectTerms Androgens
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Clinical medicine
Clinical practice guidelines
Drug approval
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Immunotherapy
Metastases
Metastasis
Prognosis
Reviews
Revisions
Systematic Review
treatment
triple-negative breast cancer
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Title Update on Classic and Novel Approaches in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review
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Volume 11
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