Hepatitis C Virus as a Possible Helper Virus in Human Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection

Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through the unrelated hepatitis B virus (HBV), but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91...

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Published inViruses Vol. 16; no. 6; p. 992
Main Authors Crobu, Maria Grazia, Ravanini, Paolo, Impaloni, Clotilde, Martello, Claudia, Bargiacchi, Olivia, Di Domenico, Christian, Faolotto, Giulia, Macaluso, Paola, Mercandino, Alessio, Riggi, Miriam, Quaglia, Vittorio, Andreoni, Stefano, Pirisi, Mario, Smirne, Carlo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 20.06.2024
MDPI
Subjects
anti-HBc
Antibodies
Antigens
Care and treatment
Coinfection - virology
Complications and side effects
Consent
Delta infection
Enzymes
Epidemiology
helper viruses
Helper Viruses - physiology
Hepacivirus - genetics
Hepacivirus - physiology
hepatitis
Hepatitis Antibodies - blood
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C - virology
Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis D - virology
hepatitis D virus
Hepatitis delta virus
Hepatitis Delta Virus - genetics
Hepatitis Delta Virus - physiology
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - virology
Host-virus relationships
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunoassay
Infections
Laboratories
medical history
Medical research
mixed infection
Patients
propagation
Proteins
Risk factors
RNA, Viral
Serology
Viral infections
Virus research
Viruses
West Nile virus
Italy
United States > US
anti-HBc
helper virus
propagation
co-infection
superinfection
hepatitis D virus
hepatitis B virus
hepatitis C virus
human immunodeficiency virus
HDV-RNA
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI10.3390/v16060992

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Abstract Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through the unrelated hepatitis B virus (HBV), but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 43 with prior HCV eradication) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HD), after careful selection for negativity to any serologic or virologic marker of current or past HBV infection. One single HCV/HIV co-infected patient (0.7%) tested highly positive for anti-HD, but with no positive HDV-RNA. Her husband, in turn, was a HCV/HIV co-infected subject with a previous contact with HBV. While conducting a thorough review of the relevant literature, the authors attempted to exhaustively describe the medical history of both the anti-HD-positive patient and her partner, believing it to be the key to dissecting the possible complex mechanisms of HDV transmission from one subject to another, and speculating that in the present case, it may have been HCV itself that behaved as an HDV helper virus. In conclusion, this preliminary research, while needing further validation in large prospective studies, provided some further evidence of a role of HCV in HDV dissemination in humans.
AbstractList Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through hepatitis B virus (HBV)-unrelated ways, but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 43 with prior HCV eradication) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HD), after careful selection for negativity to any serologic or virologic marker of current or past HBV infection. One single HCV/HIV co-infected patient (0.7%) tested highly positive for anti-HD, but with no positive HDV-RNA. Her husband, in turn, was a HCV/HIV co-infected subject with a previous contact with HBV. While conducting a thorough review of the relevant literature, the authors attempted to exhaustively describe the medical history of both the anti-HD-positive patient and her partner, believing it to be the key to dissecting the possible complex mechanisms of HDV transmission from one subject to another, and speculating that in the present case, it may have been HCV itself that behaved as an HDV helper virus. In conclusion, this preliminary research, while needing further validation in large prospective studies, provided some further evidence of a role of HCV in HDV dissemination in humans.
Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through the unrelated hepatitis B virus (HBV), but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 43 with prior HCV eradication) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HD), after careful selection for negativity to any serologic or virologic marker of current or past HBV infection. One single HCV/HIV co-infected patient (0.7%) tested highly positive for anti-HD, but with no positive HDV-RNA. Her husband, in turn, was a HCV/HIV co-infected subject with a previous contact with HBV. While conducting a thorough review of the relevant literature, the authors attempted to exhaustively describe the medical history of both the anti-HD-positive patient and her partner, believing it to be the key to dissecting the possible complex mechanisms of HDV transmission from one subject to another, and speculating that in the present case, it may have been HCV itself that behaved as an HDV helper virus. In conclusion, this preliminary research, while needing further validation in large prospective studies, provided some further evidence of a role of HCV in HDV dissemination in humans.
Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through hepatitis B virus (HBV)-unrelated ways, but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 43 with prior HCV eradication) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HD), after careful selection for negativity to any serologic or virologic marker of current or past HBV infection. One single HCV/HIV co-infected patient (0.7%) tested highly positive for anti-HD, but with no positive HDV-RNA. Her husband, in turn, was a HCV/HIV co-infected subject with a previous contact with HBV. While conducting a thorough review of the relevant literature, the authors attempted to exhaustively describe the medical history of both the anti-HD-positive patient and her partner, believing it to be the key to dissecting the possible complex mechanisms of HDV transmission from one subject to another, and speculating that in the present case, it may have been HCV itself that behaved as an HDV helper virus. In conclusion, this preliminary research, while needing further validation in large prospective studies, provided some further evidence of a role of HCV in HDV dissemination in humans.Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through hepatitis B virus (HBV)-unrelated ways, but with essentially inconclusive results. To try to shed light on this still-debated topic, 146 anti-HCV-positive subjects (of whom 91 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 43 with prior HCV eradication) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies (anti-HD), after careful selection for negativity to any serologic or virologic marker of current or past HBV infection. One single HCV/HIV co-infected patient (0.7%) tested highly positive for anti-HD, but with no positive HDV-RNA. Her husband, in turn, was a HCV/HIV co-infected subject with a previous contact with HBV. While conducting a thorough review of the relevant literature, the authors attempted to exhaustively describe the medical history of both the anti-HD-positive patient and her partner, believing it to be the key to dissecting the possible complex mechanisms of HDV transmission from one subject to another, and speculating that in the present case, it may have been HCV itself that behaved as an HDV helper virus. In conclusion, this preliminary research, while needing further validation in large prospective studies, provided some further evidence of a role of HCV in HDV dissemination in humans.
Audience Academic
Author Martello, Claudia
Smirne, Carlo
Impaloni, Clotilde
Crobu, Maria Grazia
Faolotto, Giulia
Bargiacchi, Olivia
Di Domenico, Christian
Andreoni, Stefano
Mercandino, Alessio
Riggi, Miriam
Ravanini, Paolo
Quaglia, Vittorio
Macaluso, Paola
Pirisi, Mario
AuthorAffiliation 1 Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; mcrobu@cittadellasalute.to.it (M.G.C.); paolo.ravanini@gmail.com (P.R.); clotildeimpaloni@gmail.com (C.I.); claudiamartello14@gmail.com (C.M.); christian.didomenico@maggioreosp.novara.it (C.D.D.); giulia.faolotto@maggioreosp.novara.it (G.F.); paola.macaluso@maggioreosp.novara.it (P.M.); alessio.mercandino@maggioreosp.novara.it (A.M.); miriam.riggi@maggioreosp.novara.it (M.R.); vittorio.quaglia@maggioreosp.novara.it (V.Q.); stefano.andreoni@maggioreosp.novara.it (S.A.)
3 Unit of Infectious Diseases, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; olivia.bargiacchi@maggioreosp.novara.it
2 Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
4 Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; mario.pirisi@med.uniupo.it
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Issue 6
Keywords anti-HBc
helper virus
propagation
co-infection
superinfection
hepatitis D virus
hepatitis B virus
hepatitis C virus
human immunodeficiency virus
HDV-RNA
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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Snippet Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through the unrelated hepatitis B virus...
Previous studies reported that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) could help disseminate the hepatitis D virus (HDV) in vivo through hepatitis B virus (HBV)-unrelated...
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StartPage 992
SubjectTerms anti-HBc
Antibodies
Antigens
Care and treatment
Coinfection - virology
Complications and side effects
Consent
Delta infection
Enzymes
Epidemiology
helper viruses
Helper Viruses - physiology
Hepacivirus - genetics
Hepacivirus - physiology
hepatitis
Hepatitis Antibodies - blood
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C - virology
Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis D - virology
hepatitis D virus
Hepatitis delta virus
Hepatitis Delta Virus - genetics
Hepatitis Delta Virus - physiology
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - virology
Host-virus relationships
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunoassay
Infections
Laboratories
medical history
Medical research
mixed infection
Patients
propagation
Proteins
Risk factors
RNA, Viral
Serology
Viral infections
Virus research
Viruses
West Nile virus
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Title Hepatitis C Virus as a Possible Helper Virus in Human Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38932284
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3072748425
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3072812949
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11209499
https://doaj.org/article/ac75064e86d049269e5583726959b9c9
Volume 16
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