Cadherin Expression and EMT: A Focus on Gliomas

Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of ep...

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Published inBiomedicines Vol. 9; no. 10; p. 1328
Main Authors Noronha, Carolina, Ribeiro, Ana Sofia, Taipa, Ricardo, Castro, Diogo S., Reis, Joaquim, Faria, Cláudia, Paredes, Joana
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 26.09.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Apoptosis
Binding sites
Brain tumors
cadherins
Cancer
Cell adhesion
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell growth
Cell migration
E-cadherin
EMT
Gene expression
Glioma
gliomas
Homeostasis
Invasiveness
Mesenchyme
Morphogenesis
N-Cadherin
Nervous system
Physiology
Polarity
Prostate
Proteins
Review
Stem cells
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Abstract Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a complex development process vastly described in the progression of most epithelial cancers. This is characterized by drastic changes in cell polarity, adhesion, and motility, which lead from an E-cadherin positive differentiated epithelial state into a dedifferentiated mesenchymal-like state, prone to metastization and defined by N-cadherin expression. Although vastly explored in epithelial cancers, how these mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of other non-epithelial tumor types is poorly understood. Herein, the current knowledge on cadherin expression in normal development in parallel to tumor pathogenesis is reviewed, focusing on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Emphasis is taken in the unascertained cadherin expression in CNS tumors, particularly in gliomas, where the potential contribution of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like process to glioma genesis and how this may be associated with changes in cadherin expression is discussed.
AbstractList Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a complex development process vastly described in the progression of most epithelial cancers. This is characterized by drastic changes in cell polarity, adhesion, and motility, which lead from an E-cadherin positive differentiated epithelial state into a dedifferentiated mesenchymal-like state, prone to metastization and defined by N-cadherin expression. Although vastly explored in epithelial cancers, how these mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of other non-epithelial tumor types is poorly understood. Herein, the current knowledge on cadherin expression in normal development in parallel to tumor pathogenesis is reviewed, focusing on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Emphasis is taken in the unascertained cadherin expression in CNS tumors, particularly in gliomas, where the potential contribution of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like process to glioma genesis and how this may be associated with changes in cadherin expression is discussed.
Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a complex development process vastly described in the progression of most epithelial cancers. This is characterized by drastic changes in cell polarity, adhesion, and motility, which lead from an E-cadherin positive differentiated epithelial state into a dedifferentiated mesenchymal-like state, prone to metastization and defined by N-cadherin expression. Although vastly explored in epithelial cancers, how these mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of other non-epithelial tumor types is poorly understood. Herein, the current knowledge on cadherin expression in normal development in parallel to tumor pathogenesis is reviewed, focusing on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Emphasis is taken in the unascertained cadherin expression in CNS tumors, particularly in gliomas, where the potential contribution of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like process to glioma genesis and how this may be associated with changes in cadherin expression is discussed.Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a complex development process vastly described in the progression of most epithelial cancers. This is characterized by drastic changes in cell polarity, adhesion, and motility, which lead from an E-cadherin positive differentiated epithelial state into a dedifferentiated mesenchymal-like state, prone to metastization and defined by N-cadherin expression. Although vastly explored in epithelial cancers, how these mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of other non-epithelial tumor types is poorly understood. Herein, the current knowledge on cadherin expression in normal development in parallel to tumor pathogenesis is reviewed, focusing on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Emphasis is taken in the unascertained cadherin expression in CNS tumors, particularly in gliomas, where the potential contribution of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like process to glioma genesis and how this may be associated with changes in cadherin expression is discussed.
Author Castro, Diogo S.
Reis, Joaquim
Ribeiro, Ana Sofia
Noronha, Carolina
Taipa, Ricardo
Paredes, Joana
Faria, Cláudia
AuthorAffiliation 2 Cancer Metastasis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; aribeiro@ipatimup.pt
5 Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
8 Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; claudiamfaria@gmail.com
9 IMM—Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joao Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
6 Stem Cells & Neurogenesis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; diogo.castro@i3s.up.pt
1 Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; cnoronha@ipatimup.pt (C.N.); jlreis@icbas.up.pt (J.R.)
4 Neuropathology Unit, Hospital de Santo Antó
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 6 Stem Cells & Neurogenesis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; diogo.castro@i3s.up.pt
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Snippet Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and...
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SubjectTerms Apoptosis
Binding sites
Brain tumors
cadherins
Cancer
Cell adhesion
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell growth
Cell migration
E-cadherin
EMT
Gene expression
Glioma
gliomas
Homeostasis
Invasiveness
Mesenchyme
Morphogenesis
N-Cadherin
Nervous system
Physiology
Polarity
Prostate
Proteins
Review
Stem cells
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Title Cadherin Expression and EMT: A Focus on Gliomas
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