Observed allocations of productivity and biomass, and turnover times in tropical forests are not accurately represented in CMIP5 Earth system models

A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests dep...

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Published inEnvironmental research letters Vol. 10; no. 6; pp. 64017 - 64025
Main Authors Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I, Koven, Charles D, Riley, William J, Knox, Ryan G, Chambers, Jeffrey Q
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bristol IOP Publishing 01.06.2015
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ISSN1748-9326
1748-9326
DOI10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/064017

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Abstract A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests depend on how earth system models (ESMs) represent the dynamic allocation of productivity to different tree compartments. This study shows that observed allocation of productivity, biomass, and turnover times of main tree compartments (leaves, wood, and roots) are not accurately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ESMs. In particular, observations indicate that biomass saturates with increasing productivity. In contrast, most models predict continuous increases in biomass with increases in productivity. This bias may lead to an over-prediction of carbon uptake in response to CO2 or climate-driven changes in productivity. Compartment-specific productivity and biomass are useful benchmarks to assess terrestrial ecosystem model performance. Improvements in the predicted allocation patterns and turnover times by ESMs will reduce uncertainties in climate predictions.
AbstractList A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests depend on how earth system models (ESMs) represent the dynamic allocation of productivity to different tree compartments. This study shows that observed allocation of productivity, biomass, and turnover times of main tree compartments (leaves, wood, and roots) are not accurately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ESMs. In particular, observations indicate that biomass saturates with increasing productivity. In contrast, most models predict continuous increases in biomass with increases in productivity. This bias may lead to an over-prediction of carbon uptake in response to CO2 or climate-driven changes in productivity. Compartment-specific productivity and biomass are useful benchmarks to assess terrestrial ecosystem model performance. Improvements in the predicted allocation patterns and turnover times by ESMs will reduce uncertainties in climate predictions.
A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO sub(2) in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests depend on how earth system models (ESMs) represent the dynamic allocation of productivity to different tree compartments. This study shows that observed allocation of productivity, biomass, and turnover times of main tree compartments (leaves, wood, and roots) are not accurately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ESMs. In particular, observations indicate that biomass saturates with increasing productivity. In contrast, most models predict continuous increases in biomass with increases in productivity. This bias may lead to an over-prediction of carbon uptake in response to CO sub(2) or climate-driven changes in productivity. Compartment-specific productivity and biomass are useful benchmarks to assess terrestrial ecosystem model performance. Improvements in the predicted allocation patterns and turnover times by ESMs will reduce uncertainties in climate predictions.
A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO _2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO _2 in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests depend on how earth system models (ESMs) represent the dynamic allocation of productivity to different tree compartments. This study shows that observed allocation of productivity, biomass, and turnover times of main tree compartments (leaves, wood, and roots) are not accurately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ESMs. In particular, observations indicate that biomass saturates with increasing productivity. In contrast, most models predict continuous increases in biomass with increases in productivity. This bias may lead to an over-prediction of carbon uptake in response to CO _2 or climate-driven changes in productivity. Compartment-specific productivity and biomass are useful benchmarks to assess terrestrial ecosystem model performance. Improvements in the predicted allocation patterns and turnover times by ESMs will reduce uncertainties in climate predictions.
Author Knox, Ryan G
Negrón-Juárez, Robinson I
Riley, William J
Chambers, Jeffrey Q
Koven, Charles D
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  givenname: Charles D
  surname: Koven
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  givenname: William J
  surname: Riley
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  surname: Knox
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  surname: Chambers
  fullname: Chambers, Jeffrey Q
  email: jchambers@lbl.gov
  organization: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Snippet A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO2 in the...
A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO sub(2) in...
A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO _2 emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO _2 in the...
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SubjectTerms Allocations
Anthropogenic factors
Atmospheric models
Benchmarks
Biomass
biomass turnover time
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Climate change
Climate models
Climate prediction
Compartments
earth system models
Ecosystem models
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Forests
Plant tissues
Productivity
tropical biomass
Tropical forests
tropical productivity
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Title Observed allocations of productivity and biomass, and turnover times in tropical forests are not accurately represented in CMIP5 Earth system models
URI https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/064017
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2549709102
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https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1222425
https://doaj.org/article/e879510d7d1f451c9fa9bbb4455f5a2b
Volume 10
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