Dichotomous mechanistic behavior in Narasaka-Heck cyclizations: electron rich Pd-catalysts generate iminyl radicals

Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( e.g. P(3,5-(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ) 3 ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via...

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Published inChemical science (Cambridge) Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 158 - 1513
Main Authors Race, Nicholas J, Faulkner, Adele, Shaw, Megan H, Bower, John F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published CAMBRIDGE Royal Soc Chemistry 01.01.2016
Royal Society of Chemistry
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Abstract Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( e.g. P(3,5-(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ) 3 ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P( t -Bu) 3 , cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand. Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes undergo ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Electron deficient phosphines promote aza-Heck cyclization; electron rich systems favour a SET pathway. Mechanistic experiments differentiate the two manifolds.
AbstractList Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( e.g. P(3,5-(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ) 3 ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C–N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P( t -Bu) 3 , cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C–N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines (e.g. P(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)3) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P(t-Bu)3, cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( e.g. P(3,5-(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ) 3 ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P( t -Bu) 3 , cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand. Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes undergo ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Electron deficient phosphines promote aza-Heck cyclization; electron rich systems favour a SET pathway. Mechanistic experiments differentiate the two manifolds.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( P(3,5-(CF ) C H ) ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P( -Bu) , cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes undergo ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Electron deficient phosphines promote aza-Heck cyclization; electron rich systems favour a SET pathway. Mechanistic experiments differentiate the two manifolds. Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines ( e.g. P(3,5-(CF 3 ) 2 C 6 H 3 ) 3 ) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C–N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P( t -Bu) 3 , cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C–N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines (e.g. P(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)3) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P(t-Bu)3, cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines (e.g. P(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)3) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P(t-Bu)3, cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with electron deficient phosphines (e.g. P(3,5-(CF3)(2)C6H3)(3)) promote efficient aza-Heck cyclization, wherein C-N bond formation occurs via alkene imino-palladation. Conversely, electron rich ligands, such as P(t-Bu)(3), cause deviation to a SET pathway and, in these cases, C-N bond formation occurs via cyclization of an iminyl radical. A series of mechanistic experiments differentiate the two pathways and the scope of the hybrid organometallic radical cyclization is outlined. This study represents a rare example in Pd-catalysis where selection between dichotomous mechanistic manifolds is facilitated solely by choice of phosphine ligand.
Author Shaw, Megan H
Faulkner, Adele
Bower, John F
Race, Nicholas J
AuthorAffiliation University of Bristol
School of Chemistry
AuthorAffiliation_xml – sequence: 0
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– name: a School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , UK . Email: john.bower@bris.ac.uk ; Fax: +44 117 925 1295
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  givenname: Nicholas J
  surname: Race
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  givenname: Megan H
  surname: Shaw
  fullname: Shaw, Megan H
– sequence: 4
  givenname: John F
  surname: Bower
  fullname: Bower, John F
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29899895$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 2
Keywords PALLADIUM
AMINATION
NITRILES
ALKENES SYNTHESIS
ALLYLATION
C-C
DIHYDROPYRROLES
OXIME ESTERS
DERIVATIVES
ACCESS
Language English
License This article is freely available. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY 3.0)
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Notes For ESI and crystallographic data in CIF or other electronic format see DOI
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Snippet Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes are subject to an unusual ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Pd-systems modified with...
Pd-catalyzed cyclizations of oxime esters with pendant alkenes undergo ligand controlled mechanistic divergence. Electron deficient phosphines promote aza-Heck...
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StartPage 158
SubjectTerms Alkenes
Bonding
Chemistry
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Esters
Ligands
Palladium
Pathways
Phosphines
Physical Sciences
Radicals
Science & Technology
Title Dichotomous mechanistic behavior in Narasaka-Heck cyclizations: electron rich Pd-catalysts generate iminyl radicals
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29899895
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5963672
Volume 7
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