Host Gene Regulation by Transposable Elements: The New, the Old and the Ugly

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 12; no. 10; p. 1089
• Main Authors: Enriquez-Gasca, Rocio, Gould, Poppy A., Rowe, Helen M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.09.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: coevolution; DNA methylation; DNA Transposable Elements - genetics; endogenous retroviruses; Endogenous Retroviruses - genetics; Enhancers; Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics; epigenetic repression; Epigenetics; Evolutionary genetics; Gene expression; gene expression regulation; Gene Expression Regulation - genetics; Gene regulation; genes; Genomes; germ cells; Humans; Intracisternal A-type particle elements; Isoforms; Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements - genetics; Open reading frames; Pathogens; position-effect variegation; Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics; Proteins; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid - genetics; Retroviridae; Review; Stem cells; transposable elements; transposons; KRAB-associated protein 1; endogenous retroviruses; gene regulation; X chromosome inactivation; epigenetic repression; genomic imprinting; transposable elements; Intracisternal A-type particle elements; position-effect variegation

The human genome has been under selective pressure to evolve in response to emerging pathogens and other environmental challenges. Genome evolution includes the acquisition of new genes or new isoforms of genes and changes to gene expression patterns. One source of genome innovation is from transpos...