Proportions and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and preserved ratio impaired spirometry, and association with small airway disease, in the positive screening older population from China: a cross-sectional study
Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age...
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Published in | BMC pulmonary medicine Vol. 24; no. 1; p. 114 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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05.03.2024
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Abstract | Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators.
A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators.
Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable.
There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDEarly diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators.METHODSA total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators.RESULTSTotally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable.CONCLUSIONThere is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators. A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators. Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable. There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. Abstract Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators. Methods A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators. Results Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable. Conclusion There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators. A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators. Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable. There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators. Methods A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators. Results Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable. Conclusion There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. Keywords: COPD, PRISm, SAD, Proportions, Risk factors, Early diagnosis Abstract Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and small airway disease (SAD) were proposed to achieve early diagnosis for COPD. Besides, the occurrence of COPD is positively related to age. However, the relationship among COPD, PRISm, and SAD still requires clarification. Thus, we estimated the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm in the positive screening participants, and searched the methods of early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators. Methods A total of 53,641 residents aged more than 60 years old from Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, completed a series of screening projects. And 2327 of positive screening participants ultimately finished bronchodilator tests. The data were statistically analyzed to figure out the proportions and risk factors of COPD and PRISm, and the efficacy of early diagnosing COPD by the SAD indicators. Results Totally 2229 positive screening participants were included, the proportion of PRISm was 6.3% (141/2229), and of COPD was 78.2% (1743/2229). Statistical analyses showed that COPD patients were more likely to be smokers, males, and older. And COPD patients had higher questionnaire scores, meaning that they were more prone to have family history of respiratory diseases and more severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, COPD patients had lower maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) pred, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 75pred, and FEF50pred. And we found that male sex and presence of respiratory symptoms might lead to COPD and PRISm. Also, the methods of early diagnosing COPD through the SAD indicators might be acceptable. Conclusion There is a close association between COPD and decreased small airway function (SAF) among the participants included. Age, smoking, male sex, worse SAF, and respiratory symptoms might cause the progressing from normal people to PRISm, then to COPD patients. Besides, the SAD indicators such as MMEFpred, FEF75pred, and FEF50pred were included in lung function tests and bronchodilator tests. Intriguingly, it was found that early diagnosing COPD via the SAD indicators might be feasible. In the future, early diagnosis for COPD requires further research. |
ArticleNumber | 114 |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Gong, Xia Sun, Jian Sang, Le Huang, Yunlei |
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References_xml | – ident: 2920_CR2 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.859499 – volume: 35 start-page: 459 issue: 5 year: 2023 ident: 2920_CR18 publication-title: Shanghai J Prev Med contributor: fullname: j Mingzhi – volume: 11 start-page: 1102509 year: 2023 ident: 2920_CR16 publication-title: Front Public Health doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1102509 contributor: fullname: X Yin – ident: 2920_CR8 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01217-2019 – volume: 10 start-page: 412 issue: 4 year: 2023 ident: 2920_CR19 publication-title: Chronic Obstr Pulmonary Diseases: J COPD Foundation doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.0400 contributor: fullname: N Soleimanifar – volume: 11 start-page: 1548 issue: 1 year: 2021 ident: 2920_CR9 publication-title: Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79707-y contributor: fullname: F Kiani – volume: 203 start-page: 414 issue: 4 year: 2021 ident: 2920_CR3 publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med doi: 10.1164/rccm.202008-3328PP contributor: fullname: MK Han – ident: 2920_CR6 doi: 10.1183/23120541.00334-2022 – volume: 101 start-page: 25 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 2920_CR10 publication-title: Respiration doi: 10.1159/000517599 contributor: fullname: J Kim – volume: 203 start-page: 24 issue: 1 year: 2021 ident: 2920_CR5 publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med doi: 10.1164/rccm.202009-3533SO contributor: fullname: D Halpin – volume: 201 start-page: 294 issue: 3 year: 2020 ident: 2920_CR14 publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med doi: 10.1164/rccm.201908-1600OC contributor: fullname: AL Young – volume: 198 start-page: 1397 issue: 11 year: 2018 ident: 2920_CR7 publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med doi: 10.1164/rccm.201804-0663OC contributor: fullname: E Wan – volume: 24 start-page: e38663 issue: 8 year: 2022 ident: 2920_CR22 publication-title: J Med Internet Res doi: 10.2196/38663 contributor: fullname: J Dahne – volume: 198 start-page: 1413 issue: 11 year: 2018 ident: 2920_CR12 publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med doi: 10.1164/rccm.201712-2526OC contributor: fullname: S O’Beirne – volume: 396 start-page: 1204 issue: 10258 year: 2020 ident: 2920_CR1 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9 contributor: fullname: Global burden – volume: 367 start-page: 413 issue: 3 year: 2017 ident: 2920_CR11 publication-title: Cell Tissue Res doi: 10.1007/s00441-016-2541-4 contributor: fullname: E Weibel – volume: 11 start-page: 451 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 2920_CR21 publication-title: COPD: J Chronic Obstr Pulmonary Disease doi: 10.3109/15412555.2013.837870 contributor: fullname: N Putcha – ident: 2920_CR4 doi: 10.1183/23120541.00132-2017 – volume: 3 start-page: e442 issue: 11 year: 2006 ident: 2920_CR15 publication-title: PLoS Med doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442 contributor: fullname: CD Mathers – volume: 8 start-page: 1081 issue: 11 year: 2020 ident: 2920_CR13 publication-title: Lancet Respir Med doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30155-7 contributor: fullname: D Xiao – volume: 13 start-page: 487 year: 2018 ident: 2920_CR17 publication-title: Int J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis doi: 10.2147/COPD.S147628 contributor: fullname: E Stafyla – ident: 2920_CR20 doi: 10.1186/s12931-018-0853-5 |
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Snippet | Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm)... Abstract Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired... Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired... BackgroundEarly diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry... BACKGROUNDEarly diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired spirometry... Abstract Background Early diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is relatively difficult. Therefore, the concepts of preserved ratio impaired... |
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SubjectTerms | Aged patients Allergic diseases Analysis Asthma Body mass index Bronchodilator Agents Bronchodilators Care and treatment Chi-square test China - epidemiology Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD Cross-Sectional Studies Diagnosis Early diagnosis Family medical history Health facilities Humans Lung diseases Lung diseases, Obstructive Male Medical screening Methods Middle Aged Nonparametric statistics Obstructive lung disease Population PRISm Proportions Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology Questionnaires Respiratory diseases Respiratory function Respiratory tract diseases Risk Factors SAD Screening projects Spirometry Statistical analysis |
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Title | Proportions and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and preserved ratio impaired spirometry, and association with small airway disease, in the positive screening older population from China: a cross-sectional study |
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