Application of next-generation sequencing on diagnosis of bloodstream infection caused by Mycoplasma hominis in a patient with ANCA-associated vasculitis

• Published in: Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 28 - 7
• Main Authors: Chen, Yili, Chen, Hengxin, Huang, Hao, Zhong, Yinyin, Lin, Xiaoshu, Chen, Peisong, Liao, Kang, Yang, Juhua, Liu, Min, Hong, Mengzhi, Wang, Ruizhi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 21.04.2023; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Abscesses; Analysis; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis - complications; Antibiotics; Antibodies; Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; Autoantibodies; Bacteria; Bloodstream infection; Body temperature; Care and treatment; Case Report; Combined treatment; Control; Diagnosis; DNA sequencing; Epistaxis; Genetic testing; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Identification and classification; Infections; Laboratories; Levofloxacin; Male; Meropenem; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma hominis; Mycoplasma hominis - genetics; Mycoplasma Infections - diagnosis; Neutrophils; Next generation sequencing; Nucleotide sequencing; Pathogens; Patients; Pleural effusion; Polymyxin B; Sepsis; Testing; Vasculitis; China; Mycoplasma hominis; Diagnosis; Bloodstream infection; Next generation sequencing
• ISSN: 1476-0711; 1476-0711
• DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00580-4

Mycoplasma hominis is one of the main opportunistic pathogenic mycoplasmas in humans which has a major impact on patients with bloodstream infections. Because it is difficult to detect or isolate, rapid and accurate diagnosis using improved methods is essential and still challenging for patients with bloodstream infection. In this case, we reported the application of next -generation sequencing for the diagnosis of bloodstream infection caused by Mycoplasma hominis in a patient with Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. After 9 days of combined treatment with levofloxacin, polymyxin B and meropenem, the patient's condition was gradually controlled and he was discharged without further complications. During the three-month outpatient follow-up, no recurrence of symptoms or clinical signs was reported. This successful application of next generation sequencing assisted the rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma hominis bloodstream infection, provided a new perspective in the clinical approach and highlighted the potential of this technique in rapid etiological diagnosis.