Associations between state intimate partner violence-related firearm policies and injuries among women and men who experience intimate partner violence

• Published in: Injury epidemiology Vol. 8; no. 1; p. 8
• Main Authors: Willie, Tiara C, Kershaw, Trace, Perler, Rachel, Caplon, Amy, Katague, Marina, Sullivan, Tami P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Springer Nature B.V 22.02.2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Domestic violence; Firearms; Injuries; Intimate partner violence; Original Contribution; Women; Intimate partner violence; Injuries; Firearms
• ISSN: 2197-1714; 2197-1714
• DOI: 10.1186/s40621-021-00297-y

Comprehensive state firearm policies related to intimate partner violence (IPV) may have a significant public health impact on non-lethal IPV-related injuries. Research indicates that more restrictive firearm policies may reduce risk for intimate partner homicide, however it is unclear whether firearm policies prevent or reduce the risk of non-lethal IPV-related injuries. This study sought to examine associations between state-level policies and injuries among U.S. IPV survivors. Individual-level data were drawn from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, a nationally-representative study of noninstitutionalized adults. State-level data were drawn from a firearm policy compendium. Multivariable regressions were used to test associations of individual policies with non-fatal IPV-related injuries (N = 5493). Regression models were also conducted to explore differences in the policy-injury associations among women and men survivors. Three categories of policies were associated with IPV-related injuries. The odds of injuries was lower for IPV survivors living in states that prohibited firearm possession and require firearm relinquishment among persons convicted of IPV-related misdemeanors (aOR [95% CI] = .76 [.59, .97]); prohibited firearm possession and require firearm relinquishment among persons subject to IPV-related restraining orders (aOR [95% CI] = .81 [.66, .98]); and prohibited firearm possession among convicted of stalking (aOR [95% CI] = .82 [.68, .98]) than IPV survivors living in states without these policies. There was a significant difference between women and men survivors in the association between IPV-related misdemeanors policy and injuries (B [SE] = .60 [.29]), such that the association was stronger for men survivors (aOR [95% CI] = .10 [.06, .17]) than women survivors (aOR [95% CI] = .60 [.48, .76]). Restrictive state firearm policies regarding IPV may provide unique opportunities to protect IPV survivors from injuries.