Antibiotic-associated dysbiosis affects the ability of the gut microbiota to control intestinal inflammation upon fecal microbiota transplantation in experimental colitis models

• Published in: Microbiome Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 39 - 15
• Main Authors: Strati, Francesco, Pujolassos, Meritxell, Burrello, Claudia, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Lattanzi, Georgia, Caprioli, Flavio, Troisi, Jacopo, Facciotti, Federica
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 06.02.2021; BMC
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - adverse effects; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; CD4 antigen; Colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - immunology; Colitis - microbiology; Colitis - pathology; Colon; Community structure; Digestive system; Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dysbacteriosis; Dysbiosis - chemically induced; Dysbiosis - microbiology; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Fecal microflora; Feces; Female; FMT; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology; Gastrointestinal tract; Gene amplification; Gene expression; Gut microbiota; Helper cells; Homeostasis; Humans; IBD; Immune response; Immune system; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; iNKT; Innate immunity; Interleukin 1; Interleukin 10; Intestinal microflora; Intestine; Lamina propria; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Library collections; Lymphocytes T; Male; Metabolites; Metronidazole; Metronidazole - pharmacology; Mice; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Natural Killer T-Cells - drug effects; Natural Killer T-Cells - immunology; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative stress; Streptomycin; Streptomycin - adverse effects; Th1 Cells - drug effects; Th1 Cells - immunology; Th17 Cells - drug effects; Th17 Cells - immunology; Transplantation; Vancomycin; Vancomycin - adverse effects; United States > US; Italy; Gut microbiota; IBD; Antibiotics; FMT; iNKT

The gut microbiota plays a central role in host physiology and in several pathological mechanisms in humans. Antibiotics compromise the composition and functions of the gut microbiota inducing long-lasting detrimental effects on the host. Recent studies suggest that the efficacy of different clinica...