Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Exhumed Petrocalcic Horizons
The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO₂. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, se...
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| Published in | Soil Science Society of America journal Vol. 70; no. 3; pp. 795 - 805 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Madison
Soil Science Society
01.05.2006
Soil Science Society of America American Society of Agronomy |
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| Abstract | The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO₂. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO₂ than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO₂ and the delta 13C of CO₂ released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO₂ emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO₂ emissions from the three soil types at the = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO₂ did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α= 0.05) in delta 13C of CO₂ among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO₂ at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. |
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| AbstractList | The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO^sub 3^. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO2. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO2 than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO2 and the δ^sup 13^C of CO2 released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO2 emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO2 emissions from the three soil types at the α = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO2 did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α = 0.05) in δ^sup 13^C of CO2 among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO2 at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCOsub 3. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO2. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO2 than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO2 and the sup 13C of CO2 released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO2 emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO2 emissions from the three soil types at the = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO2 did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences ( = 0.05) in sup 13C of CO2 among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO2 at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO₂. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO₂ than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO₂ and the delta 13C of CO₂ released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO₂ emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO₂ emissions from the three soil types at the = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO₂ did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α= 0.05) in delta 13C of CO₂ among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO₂ at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO3 In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO2 The cemented form of soil carbonate—the petrocalcic horizon—develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO2 than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO2 and the δ13C of CO2 released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO2 emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO2 emissions from the three soil types at the α = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO2 did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α = 0.05) in δ13C of CO2 among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO2 at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO sub(3). In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO sub(2), soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO sub(2). The cemented form of soil carbonate - the petrocalcic horizon - develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO sub(2) than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO sub(2) and the [delta] super(13)C of CO sub(2) released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO sub(2) emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO sub(2) emissions from the three soil types at the [alpha] = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO sub(2) did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences ([alpha] = 0.05) in [delta] super(13)C of CO sub(2) among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO sub(2) at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃ In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO₂ The cemented form of soil carbonate—the petrocalcic horizon—develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO₂ than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO₂ and the δ¹³C of CO₂ released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO₂ emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO₂ emissions from the three soil types at the α = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO₂ did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α = 0.05) in δ¹³C of CO₂ among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO₂ at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO sigma ub 3 greater than or equal to In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO2. The cemented form of soil carbonate-the petrocalcic horizon-develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO2 than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO2 and the sigma up 13 not equal to of CO2 released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO2 emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO2 emissions from the three soil types at the = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO2 did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences ( = 0.05) in sigma up 13 not equal to of CO2 among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO2 at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO 3 In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO 2 , soil carbonate is potentially an important source of atmospheric CO 2 The cemented form of soil carbonate—the petrocalcic horizon—develops in geomorphically stable soil in arid, semiarid, and some subhumid climates. In many of these dryland areas, such as the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, erosion has stripped away overlying soil and exhumed the petrocalcic horizon, thereby exposing it to a weathering zone above the calcification zone where it normally forms. This research tested the hypothesis that soil type 1 (eroded Aridisols with exhumed petrocalcic horizons) will emit more CO 2 than soil type 2 (noneroded Aridisols with petrocalcic horizons) or soil type 3 (Entisols formed in sandy, noncalcareous sediments). We tested this hypothesis by comparing the amount of CO 2 and the δ 13 C of CO 2 released from the three soil types. Using a randomized complete block design, CO 2 emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. Neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative CO 2 emissions from the three soil types at the α = 0.05 level. Moreover, the isotopic analysis of CO 2 did not match the isotopic values of pedogenic carbonate, nor were there any statistical differences (α = 0.05) in δ 13 C of CO 2 among the three soil types. We conclude, therefore, that exhumed petrocalcic horizons are not actively emitting CO 2 at a rate significantly greater than adjacent soils, and thus carbon stored in petrocalcic horizons can be considered a recalcitrant reservoir within the decadal timeframe pertinent to carbon sequestration policies. Carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) emissions from exhumed petrocalcic horizons were investigated. The objective was to test the hypothesis that soils with exhumed petrocalcic horizons would emit more carbon dioxide than neighboring noneroded petrocalcic horizon soils. Comparing the amount of carbon dioxide and the delta super(13)C of carbon dioxide released from the three soil types tested the hypothesis. Using a randomized complete block design, carbon dioxide emissions were measured using NaOH and soda lime traps from June 2002 to October 2003. It was observed that neither the NaOH traps nor soda lime traps detected any statistical difference in cumulative carbon dioxide emissions from the three soil types at the alpha = 0.05 level. |
| Author | Serna-Pérez, A Murray, L Herrick, J.E Monger, H.C |
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| Keywords | Gas emission Carbon dioxide arid environment soil sciences subtropical zone North America Desert soils greenhouse gas Aridisols Soil science soils Soil profile Property of soil soil horizons Mineral soils Earth science carbon cycle Rangeland soils biogeochemistry Arid soils Biological activity Entisols deserts Calcium carbonate Rangeland soil erosion |
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| Snippet | The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO3 In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO 3 In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO 2 , soil carbonate is potentially an... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO^sub 3^. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an... Carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) emissions from exhumed petrocalcic horizons were investigated. The objective was to test the hypothesis that soils with exhumed... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO sub(3). In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO sub(2), soil carbonate is... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO sigma ub 3 greater than or equal to In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCOsub 3. In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO2, soil carbonate is potentially an... The second largest pool of terrestrial carbon is soil CaCO₃ In addition to being an important sink of atmospheric CO₂, soil carbonate is potentially an... |
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| SubjectTerms | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions arid soils Arid zones Aridisols Biological and medical sciences calcium carbonate carbon Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide emissions Carbon sequestration Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties dry environmental conditions Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Emission measurements Emissions Entisols Exact sciences and technology Fluidized bed combustion Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gas emissions Geochemistry greenhouse gases isotope fractionation isotopes measurement New Mexico Organic matter Petrocalcids Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils soda lime traps Sodium hydroxide Soil and rock geochemistry soil carbonate Soil erosion, conservation, land management and development Soil science Soil sciences Soil testing Soil types soil-atmosphere interactions Soils Subhumid climates Surficial geology Weathering zone |
| Title | Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Exhumed Petrocalcic Horizons |
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