Avian mycobacteriosis in free-living raptors in Majorca Island, Spain

Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. From 2004 to 2007, 589 raptors brought dead or sick to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) were necropsied. The...

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Published inAvian pathology Vol. 39; no. 1; pp. 1 - 6
Main Authors Millán, Javier, Negre, Nieves, Castellanos, Elena, Juan, Lucía de, Mateos, Ana, Parpal, Lluis, Aranaz, Alicia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Taylor & Francis Group 01.02.2010
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Abstract Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. From 2004 to 2007, 589 raptors brought dead or sick to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) were necropsied. The birds belonged to 12 different species, chiefly common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) (n=297), scops owl (Otus scops) (n=109), barn owl (Tyto alba) (n=75), long-eared owl (Asio otus) (n=58), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) (n=27), and booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) (n=13). Gross lesions compatible with mycobacteriosis were observed in 14 birds (2.4%) found in several locations in Majorca. They were 12 kestrels (prevalence in this species, 4.0%), one long-eared owl (1.7%) and one scops owl (0.9%), all the birds presenting white-yellowish nodules from pinpoint size to 1 cm in diameter in diverse organs, mainly in the liver, spleen and intestine. Affected organs were subjected to bacteriology and molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction and, in all cases, infection with M. avium subspecies avium was confirmed. The observed prevalences are similar to those previously observed in Holland, although the actual prevalence detected in this study is likely to be higher than reported because only birds with gross lesions were subjected to culture. Further molecular characterization with a set of six mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat loci was used to sub-type the isolates in order to show the existence of possible epidemiological links. Six different genotypes were found, which points to infection from multiple foci. No temporal or geographical aggregation of the cases was observed to be associated with the presence of positive birds or with the different variable number tandem repeat allelic profiles. The most feasible origin might be water or food sources, although the reservoir of mycobacteria remains unknown.
AbstractList Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. From 2004 to 2007, 589 raptors brought dead or sick to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) were necropsied. The birds belonged to 12 different species, chiefly common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) (n=297), scops owl (Otus scops) (n=109), barn owl (Tyto alba) (n=75), long-eared owl (Asio otus) (n=58), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) (n=27), and booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) (n=13). Gross lesions compatible with mycobacteriosis were observed in 14 birds (2.4%) found in several locations in Majorca. They were 12 kestrels (prevalence in this species, 4.0%), one long-eared owl (1.7%) and one scops owl (0.9%), all the birds presenting white-yellowish nodules from pinpoint size to 1 cm in diameter in diverse organs, mainly in the liver, spleen and intestine. Affected organs were subjected to bacteriology and molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction and, in all cases, infection with M. avium subspecies avium was confirmed. The observed prevalences are similar to those previously observed in Holland, although the actual prevalence detected in this study is likely to be higher than reported because only birds with gross lesions were subjected to culture. Further molecular characterization with a set of six mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat loci was used to sub-type the isolates in order to show the existence of possible epidemiological links. Six different genotypes were found, which points to infection from multiple foci. No temporal or geographical aggregation of the cases was observed to be associated with the presence of positive birds or with the different variable number tandem repeat allelic profiles. The most feasible origin might be water or food sources, although the reservoir of mycobacteria remains unknown.
Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. From 2004 to 2007, 589 raptors brought dead or sick to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) were necropsied. The birds belonged to 12 different species, chiefly common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) (n=297), scops owl (Otus scops) (n=109), barn owl (Tyto alba) (n=75), long-eared owl (Asio otus) (n=58), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) (n=27), and booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) (n=13). Gross lesions compatible with mycobacteriosis were observed in 14 birds (2.4%) found in several locations in Majorca. They were 12 kestrels (prevalence in this species, 4.0%), one long-eared owl (1.7%) and one scops owl (0.9%), all the birds presenting white-yellowish nodules from pinpoint size to 1 cm in diameter in diverse organs, mainly in the liver, spleen and intestine. Affected organs were subjected to bacteriology and molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction and, in all cases, infection with M. avium subspecies avium was confirmed. The observed prevalences are similar to those previously observed in Holland, although the actual prevalence detected in this study is likely to be higher than reported because only birds with gross lesions were subjected to culture. Further molecular characterization with a set of six mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat loci was used to sub-type the isolates in order to show the existence of possible epidemiological links. Six different genotypes were found, which points to infection from multiple foci. No temporal or geographical aggregation of the cases was observed to be associated with the presence of positive birds or with the different variable number tandem repeat allelic profiles. The most feasible origin might be water or food sources, although the reservoir of mycobacteria remains unknown. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). From 2004 to 2007, 589 raptors brought dead or sick to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) were necropsied. The birds belonged to 12 different species, chiefly common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) (n=297), scops owl (Otus scops) (n=109), barn owl (Tyto alba) (n=75), long-eared owl (Asio otus) (n=58), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) (n=27), and booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) (n=13). Gross lesions compatible with mycobacteriosis were observed in 14 birds (2.4%) found in several locations in Majorca. They were 12 kestrels (prevalence in this species=4.0%), one long-eared owl (1.7%) and one scops owl (0.9%), all the birds presenting white-yellowish nodules from pinpoint size to 1 cm in diameter in diverse organs, mainly in liver, spleen and intestine. Affected organs were subjected to bacteriology and molecular identification by PCR and, in all the cases, infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium was confirmed. The observed prevalences are similar to those previously observed in Holland, though the actual prevalence detected in this study is likely to be higher than reported because only birds with gross lesions were subjected to culture. Further molecular characterization with a set of six MIRU-VNTR loci was used to sub-typify the isolates in order to show the existence of possible epidemiological links. Six different genotypes were found, which points to infection from multiple focuses. No temporal or geographical aggregation of the cases was observed associated to the presence of positive birds or to the different VNTR allelic profiles. The most feasible origin might be water or food sources, though the reservoir of mycobacteria remains unknown.
Author Millán, Javier
Mateos, Ana
Juan, Lucía de
Negre, Nieves
Parpal, Lluis
Castellanos, Elena
Aranaz, Alicia
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  doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-9.1.51
– ident: CIT0028
  doi: 10.2307/1591698
– ident: CIT0029
  doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-23.3.485
– volume: 54
  start-page: 364
  year: 2005
  ident: CIT0030
  publication-title: Folia Zoologica
  contributor:
    fullname: Sommer R.
– ident: CIT0032
  doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01905.x
– ident: CIT0007
  doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(88)90058-2
– ident: CIT0003
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– volume: 28
  start-page: 439
  year: 1997
  ident: CIT0037
  publication-title: Veterinary Research
  contributor:
    fullname: Thorel M.F.
– volume: 1996
  start-page: 991
  year: 1996
  ident: CIT0019
  publication-title: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.34.4.991-992.1996
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoop R.K.
– ident: CIT0042
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– ident: CIT0018
  doi: 10.1637/7133
– volume: 33
  start-page: 304
  year: 1995
  ident: CIT0016
  publication-title: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.33.2.304-307.1995
  contributor:
    fullname: Guerrero C.
– ident: CIT0031
  doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.6361999.x
– ident: CIT0001
  doi: 10.1016/S1055-937X(97)80036-9
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Snippet Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. From...
Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by different species of mycobacteria, usually belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)....
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SubjectTerms Alleles
Animals
Animals, Wild
Asio otus
Bacteria
bird diseases
Birds
birds of prey
disease diagnosis
disease incidence
disease prevalence
disease reservoirs
Falco peregrinus
Falco tinnunculus
Genetic Loci
Genotype
geographical distribution
Hieraaetus pennatus
intestines
Intestines - microbiology
Intestines - pathology
liver
Liver - microbiology
Liver - pathology
loci
microbial genetics
mycobacterial diseases
Mycobacterium avium
Mycobacterium avium - genetics
Mycobacterium avium - isolation & purification
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium
necropsy
pathogen identification
Pathology
Prevalence
Raptors - microbiology
Spain
species differences
spleen
Spleen - microbiology
Spleen - pathology
Studies
Tandem Repeat Sequences
temporal variation
Tuberculosis, Avian - epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Avian - microbiology
Tyto alba
wild birds
Title Avian mycobacteriosis in free-living raptors in Majorca Island, Spain
URI https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03079450903389945
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20390529
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https://search.proquest.com/docview/733882836
https://search.proquest.com/docview/745642838
https://hal.science/hal-00557317
Volume 39
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