Circular economy indicators: What do they measure?
•Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress.•Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators.•A classification framework to understand what indicators measure is proposed.•Most of the analysed indicators focus on the preservation of materials.•None of t...
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| Published in | Resources, conservation and recycling Vol. 146; pp. 452 - 461 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.07.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | •Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress.•Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators.•A classification framework to understand what indicators measure is proposed.•Most of the analysed indicators focus on the preservation of materials.•None of the analysed indicators focuses on the preservation of functions.
Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions.
To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union ‘CE monitoring framework’. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator. |
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| AbstractList | Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions. To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union 'CE monitoring framework'. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator. • Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress. • Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators. • A classification framework to understand what indicators measure is proposed. • Most of the analysed indicators focus on the preservation of materials. • None of the analysed indicators focuses on the preservation of functions. Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions. To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union ‘CE monitoring framework’. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator. Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions. To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union 'CE monitoring framework'. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator.Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions. To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union 'CE monitoring framework'. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator. •Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress.•Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators.•A classification framework to understand what indicators measure is proposed.•Most of the analysed indicators focus on the preservation of materials.•None of the analysed indicators focuses on the preservation of functions. Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing to sustainable development. CE is an umbrella concept incorporating different meanings. Despite the unclear concept, CE is turned into defined action plans supported by specific indicators. To understand what indicators used in CE measure specifically, we propose a classification framework to categorise indicators according to reasoning on what (CE strategies) and how (measurement scope). Despite different types, CE strategies can be grouped according to their attempt to preserve functions, products, components, materials, or embodied energy; additionally, indicators can measure the linear economy as a reference scenario. The measurement scope shows how indicators account for technological cycles with or without a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach; or their effects on environmental, social, or economic dimensions. To illustrate the classification framework, we selected quantitative micro scale indicators from literature and macro scale indicators from the European Union ‘CE monitoring framework’. The framework illustration shows that most of the indicators focus on the preservation of materials, with strategies such as recycling. However, micro scale indicators can also focus on other CE strategies considering LCT approach, while the European indicators mostly account for materials often without taking LCT into account. Furthermore, none of the available indicators can assess the preservation of functions instead of products, with strategies such as sharing platforms, schemes for product redundancy, or multifunctionality. Finally, the framework illustration suggests that a set of indicators should be used to assess CE instead of a single indicator. |
| Author | Moraga, Gustavo Huysveld, Sophie Mathieux, Fabrice de Meester, Steven Dewulf, Jo Van Acker, Karel Blengini, Gian Andrea Alaerts, Luc |
| AuthorAffiliation | a Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium b Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium d Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001, Leuven, Belgium c European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Resources Directorate, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: a Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium – name: d Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001, Leuven, Belgium – name: b Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium – name: c European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Resources Directorate, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gustavo surname: Moraga fullname: Moraga, Gustavo organization: Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium – sequence: 2 givenname: Sophie surname: Huysveld fullname: Huysveld, Sophie organization: Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium – sequence: 3 givenname: Fabrice surname: Mathieux fullname: Mathieux, Fabrice email: fabrice.mathieux@ec.europa.eu organization: European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Resources Directorate, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Gian Andrea surname: Blengini fullname: Blengini, Gian Andrea organization: European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Resources Directorate, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Luc surname: Alaerts fullname: Alaerts, Luc organization: Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 6 givenname: Karel surname: Van Acker fullname: Van Acker, Karel organization: Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 7 givenname: Steven surname: de Meester fullname: de Meester, Steven organization: Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium – sequence: 8 givenname: Jo surname: Dewulf fullname: Dewulf, Jo organization: Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31274959$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | •Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress.•Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators.•A classification... Circular Economy (CE) is a growing topic, especially in the European Union, that promotes the responsible and cyclical use of resources possibly contributing... • Indicators are useful to support circular economy progress. • Circular economy has different definitions entailing challenges for indicators. • A... |
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| Title | Circular economy indicators: What do they measure? |
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