Left ventricular flow dynamics by cardiac imaging techniques in heart failure patients: state of the art - Mele, Donato; Serio, Lorenzo; Beccari, Riccardo; Cecchetto, Antonella; Nistri, Stefano; Pedrizzetti, Gianni (Cardiovascular ultrasound, 2025)
Keywords: Angiology; Biomarkers; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology; Cardiac function; Cardiac vortex; Cardiology; Congestive heart failure; Contrast agents; Echocardiography; Echocardiography - methods; Energy; Energy transfer; Heart failure; Heart Failure - diagnosis; Heart Failure - diagnostic imaging; Heart Failure - physiopathology; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging; Heart Ventricles - physiopathology; Hemodynamic forces; Hemodynamics; Humans; Imaging; Imaging techniques; Intracardiac flow dynamics; Kinetic energy; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medical imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Particle image velocimetry; Physiology; Radiology; Review; Shear stress; Thrombosis; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; Ventricle; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnostic imaging; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology; Ventricular Function, Left - physiology; Vortices; Vorticity; Heart failure; Intracardiac flow dynamics; Hemodynamic forces; Cardiac vortex