Evaluation of the risk factors for recurrence and the development of epilepsy in patients with febrile seizure
Abstract Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS...
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| Published in | Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria Vol. 80; no. 8; pp. 779 - 785 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Portuguese |
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Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda
01.08.2022
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO) |
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| Abstract | Abstract
Background
Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy.
Objective
To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy.
Methods
Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months.
Results
The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (
p
< 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (
p
< 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (
p
<0.001).
Conclusions
Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Abstract
Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy.
Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy.
Methods Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months.
Results The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (p < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (p < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (p<0.001).
Conclusions Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. Abstract Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Methods Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months. Results The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence ( p < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs ( p < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG ( p <0.001). Conclusions Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months. The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence ( < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs ( < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG ( <0.001). Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and selflimiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Methods Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months. Results The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (p < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (p < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (p<0.001). Conclusions Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. BACKGROUNDAlthough febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. OBJECTIVETo examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy. METHODSBetween 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months. RESULTSThe first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (p < 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (p < 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONSNeurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. Abstract Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the development of epilepsy. Objective To examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with FS, and to determine the risks of recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Methods Between 2015 and 2019, we performed a retrospective evaluation of 300 patients with FS followed for at least 24 months. Results The first episode of FS was simple in 72.7% of the patients and complex in 27.3%, and it recurred in 40%. Age under 12 months in the first FS, complex FS, and neurodevelopmental delay were found to statistically increase the risk of recurrence (p< 0.05). A total of 7% of the patients developed epilepsy, and this rate was found to be higher in patients with neurodevelopmental delay and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs (p< 0.001). The development of epilepsy was also observed in 77.8% of the patients with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). Epilepsy developed more frequently in those with abnormal EEG (p<0.001). Conclusions Neurodevelopmental delay was an important risk factor for FS recurrence and the development of epilepsy. Abnormality in the EEG is an important risk factor for the development of epilepsy. We found that the long-term prophylactic treatment did not cause decreases in the recurrence of FS nor in the development of epilepsy. |
| Abstract_FL | Resumo
Antecedentes
Embora a convulsão febril (CF) seja geralmente considerada benigna e autolimitada, existem diferenças nos fatores de risco, prognóstico e desenvolvimento de epilepsia.
Objetivo
O objetivo foi examinar as características clínicas e sociodemográficas de pacientes diagnosticados com CF e determinar os riscos de recorrência e desenvolvimento de epilepsia.
Métodos
Trezentos pacientes com CF, acompanhados por pelo menos 24 meses, foram avaliados retrospectivamente entre 2015 e 2020.
Resultados
A primeira CF foi simples em 72,7% dos pacientes e complexa em 27,3%. CS foi recorrente em 40% dos pacientes. Encontrou-se que a idade da primeira CF inferior a 12 meses, CF complexa e atraso no neurodesenvolvimento aumentaram estatisticamente o risco de recorrência (
p
< 0,05). Epilepsia se desenvolveu em 7% dos pacientes. A epilepsia foi maior em pacientes com atraso no desenvolvimento neurológico e uso prolongado de drogas antiepilépticas (
p
< 0,001). A epilepsia se desenvolveu em 77,8% dos pacientes com eletroencefalograma (EEG) anormal. Uma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi determinada em pacientes com EEG anormal em risco de epilepsia (
p
< 0,001).
Conclusões
O atraso no neurodesenvolvimento foi um importante fator de risco para recorrência de CF e epilepsia. A anormalidade do EEG é um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de epilepsia. O tratamento de profilaxia a longo prazo não diminuiu a recorrência de CS e o desenvolvimento de epilepsia. |
| Author | Havali, Cengiz Kiliç, Nevin Ekici, Arzu Bostanci, Muharrem Civan, Ahmet Burak |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bursa, Turkey 1 University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa, Turkey |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa, Turkey – name: 2 University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bursa, Turkey – name: University of Health Sciences |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ahmet Burak orcidid: 0000-0002-7101-2856 surname: Civan fullname: Civan, Ahmet Burak organization: University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa, Turkey – sequence: 2 givenname: Arzu orcidid: 0000-0002-0813-7189 surname: Ekici fullname: Ekici, Arzu email: drarzuekici@gmail.com organization: University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bursa, Turkey – sequence: 3 givenname: Cengiz orcidid: 0000-0001-6275-0884 surname: Havali fullname: Havali, Cengiz organization: University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Bursa, Turkey – sequence: 4 givenname: Nevin orcidid: 0000-0002-5803-5850 surname: Kiliç fullname: Kiliç, Nevin organization: University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa, Turkey – sequence: 5 givenname: Muharrem orcidid: 0000-0002-1692-7447 surname: Bostanci fullname: Bostanci, Muharrem organization: University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Bursa, Turkey |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/0920-1211(90)90040-3 10.1136/bmj.290.6478.1307 10.1002/1531-8249(199910)46:4<671:aid-ana20>3.0.co;2-5 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1991.tb04972.x 10.1111/epi.12429 10.3345/kjp.2016.59.2.74 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2003.10.010 10.1177/08830738020170010601 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.06.003 10.1007/s00381-012-1789-6 10.1056/NEJM197611042951901 10.1542/peds.2010-3318 10.1136/bmj.323.7321.1111 10.1136/adc.2003.028449 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.09.016 10.1136/adc.70.5.395 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.06.004 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2005.00298.x 10.1136/bmj.39087.691817.AE 10.1016/j.pedhc.2006.10.006 10.1056/NEJM199210153271603 10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70045-3 10.4103/aian.AIAN_472_17 10.1111/epi.12550 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.01.007 |
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| Copyright | Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Copyright Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria Aug 2022 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | Avaliação de fatores de risco para recorrência e desenvolvimento de epilepsia em pacientes com convulsões febris |
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| Keywords | Recorrência Recurrence Epilepsia Convulsões Febris Epilepsy Seizures, Febrile Fever Febre |
| Language | English Portuguese |
| License | CC BY 4.0 Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNoncommercial No Derivative License, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited and the work is not changed in any way. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
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Ellenberg, JH |
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Background
Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the... Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and the... Abstract Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the... Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and selflimiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and... BACKGROUNDAlthough febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and... Abstract Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the... Background Although febrile seizure (FS) is generally considered benign and self-limiting, there are differences regarding the risk factors, the prognosis, and... |
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| SubjectTerms | Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use Antiepileptic agents Convulsions & seizures Convulsões Febris Drug development EEG Electroencephalography Epilepsia Epilepsy Epilepsy - complications Epilepsy - drug therapy Febre Fever Humans Infant NEUROSCIENCES Original Original Article Patients PSYCHIATRY Recorrência Recurrence Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Seizures Seizures, Febrile Seizures, Febrile - complications Seizures, Febrile - diagnosis Seizures, Febrile - drug therapy |
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| Title | Evaluation of the risk factors for recurrence and the development of epilepsy in patients with febrile seizure |
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