Effect of Phytosynthesized Selenium and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) against Stripe Rust Disease

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 23; p. 8149
• Main Authors: Shahbaz, Muhammad, Fatima, Noor, Mashwani, Zia-Ur-Rehman, Akram, Abida, Haq, Ehsan Ul, Mehak, Asma, Abasi, Fozia, Ajmal, Maryam, Yousaf, Tayyaba, Raja, Naveed Iqbal, UlHassan, Hammad, Pérez de la Lastra, José Manuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.11.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Acorus calamus; Agricultural production; antifungal activity; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aquatic plants; Basidiomycota; Biocompatibility; Cerium; Cerium oxides; Chlorophyll; Diffraction; Disease; Flavonoids; Food; Isoflavones; Leaves; Medicine, Botanic; Medicine, Herbal; Melia azedarach; nanobiotechnology; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nitrates; Pathogens; Phenols; Physiology; Puccinia striformis; Puccinia striiformis; Rhizomes; Scanning electron microscopy; Selenium; Selenium - chemistry; Selenium - pharmacology; SeNPs; Spectroscopy; Spectrum analysis; Stripe rust; Triticum; Triticum aestivum; Wheat; X-ray diffraction; X-rays; Pakistan; Puccinia striformis; nanobiotechnology; wheat; green synthesis; CeONPs; antifungal activity; antioxidant activity; SeNPs
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238149
• ISSN: 1420-3049

In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) were synthesized by using the extract of leaves, and rhizomes, respectively, and investigated for the biological and sustainable control of yellow, or stripe rust, disease in wheat. The green synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SeNPs and CeONPs, with different concentrations (i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L), were exogenously applied to wheat infected with SeNPs and CeONPs, at a concentration of 30 mg/L, were found to be the most suitable concentrations, which reduced the disease severity and enhanced the morphological (plant height, root length, shoot length, leaf length, and ear length), physiological (chlorophyll and membrane stability index), biochemical (proline, phenolics and flavonoids) and antioxidant (SOD and POD) parameters. The antioxidant activity of SeNPs and CeONPs was also measured. For this purpose, different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 400 ppm) of both SeNPs and CeONPs were used. The concentration of 400 ppm most promoted the DPPH, ABTS and reducing power activity of both SeNPs and CeONPs. This study is considered the first biocompatible approach to evaluate the potential of green synthesized SeNPs and CeONPs to improve the health of yellow, or stripe rust, infected wheat plants and to provide an effective management strategy to inhibit the growth of .