Inhibitory brainstem reflexes under external emotional-stimuli in bipolar I and II disorders

• Published in: BMC psychiatry Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 224 - 8
• Main Authors: Zhu, Qisha, Wang, Jiawei, Shen, Chanchan, Fan, Hongying, Zhang, Bingren, Ma, Guorong, Lu, Yanxia, Wang, Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 19.06.2017; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Bipolar disorder; Bipolar Disorder - physiopathology; Bipolar Disorder - psychology; Bipolar I and II disorders; Brain stem; Brain Stem - physiopathology; Brainstem reflex; Case-Control Studies; Electromyography; Emotions; External emotional-stimuli; Female; Headaches; Humans; Impulsivity; Latency; Male; Mental depression; Mood; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Physiological aspects; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychiatry; Psychological aspects; Reflexes; Risk factors; Temporalis exteroceptive suppression; Temporalis muscle; Young Adult; External emotional-stimuli; Brainstem reflex; Bipolar I and II disorders; Temporalis exteroceptive suppression

Bipolar disorder types I (BD I) and II (BD II) might present different dysfunctions of the cortex and brainstem, as reflected by the second exteroceptive suppression period of temporalis muscle activity (ES2) under different stimuli of external emotions. This study included 30 BD I and 20 BD II pati...