Alpha-Synuclein PET Tracer Development—An Overview about Current Efforts

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies. Detection of these inclusions is thus far only possible by histological examination of postmortem brain tissue. The possibility of non-invasively...

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Published inPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 14; no. 9; p. 847
Main Authors Korat, Špela, Bidesi, Natasha Shalina Rajani, Bonanno, Federica, Di Nanni, Adriana, Hoàng, Anh Nguyên Nhât, Herfert, Kristina, Maurer, Andreas, Battisti, Umberto Maria, Bowden, Gregory David, Thonon, David, Vugts, Daniëlle, Windhorst, Albert Dirk, Herth, Matthias Manfred
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Published Basel MDPI AG 26.08.2021
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Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies. Detection of these inclusions is thus far only possible by histological examination of postmortem brain tissue. The possibility of non-invasively detecting α-syn will therefore provide valuable insights into the disease progression of α-synucleinopathies. In particular, α-syn imaging can quantify changes in monomeric, oligomeric, and fibrillic α-syn over time and improve early diagnosis of various α-synucleinopathies or monitor treatment progress. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive in vivo imaging technique that can quantify target expression and drug occupancies when a suitable tracer exists. As such, novel α-syn PET tracers are highly sought after. The development of an α-syn PET tracer faces several challenges. For example, the low abundance of α-syn within the brain necessitates the development of a high-affinity ligand. Moreover, α-syn depositions are, in contrast to amyloid proteins, predominantly localized intracellularly, limiting their accessibility. Furthermore, another challenge is the ligand selectivity over structurally similar amyloids such as amyloid-beta or tau, which are often co-localized with α-syn pathology. The lack of a defined crystal structure of α-syn has also hindered rational drug and tracer design efforts. Our objective for this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of current efforts in the development of selective α-syn PET tracers.
AbstractList Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies. Detection of these inclusions is thus far only possible by histological examination of postmortem brain tissue. The possibility of non-invasively detecting α-syn will therefore provide valuable insights into the disease progression of α-synucleinopathies. In particular, α-syn imaging can quantify changes in monomeric, oligomeric, and fibrillic α-syn over time and improve early diagnosis of various α-synucleinopathies or monitor treatment progress. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive in vivo imaging technique that can quantify target expression and drug occupancies when a suitable tracer exists. As such, novel α-syn PET tracers are highly sought after. The development of an α-syn PET tracer faces several challenges. For example, the low abundance of α-syn within the brain necessitates the development of a high-affinity ligand. Moreover, α-syn depositions are, in contrast to amyloid proteins, predominantly localized intracellularly, limiting their accessibility. Furthermore, another challenge is the ligand selectivity over structurally similar amyloids such as amyloid-beta or tau, which are often co-localized with α-syn pathology. The lack of a defined crystal structure of α-syn has also hindered rational drug and tracer design efforts. Our objective for this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of current efforts in the development of selective α-syn PET tracers.
Author Vugts, Daniëlle
Thonon, David
Bidesi, Natasha Shalina Rajani
Di Nanni, Adriana
Herth, Matthias Manfred
Battisti, Umberto Maria
Hoàng, Anh Nguyên Nhât
Korat, Špela
Maurer, Andreas
Windhorst, Albert Dirk
Bowden, Gregory David
Herfert, Kristina
Bonanno, Federica
AuthorAffiliation 3 Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Federica.Bonanno@med.uni-tuebingen.de (F.B.); Adriana.Di-Nanni@med.uni-tuebingen.de (A.D.N.); Kristina.Herfert@med.uni-tuebingen.de (K.H.); Andreas.Maurer@med.uni-tuebingen.de (A.M.); Gregory.Bowden@med.uni-tuebingen.de (G.D.B.)
2 Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; natasha.bidesi@sund.ku.dk (N.S.R.B.); umberto.battisti@sund.ku.dk (U.M.B.)
4 Elysia Raytest, Rue du Sart-Tilman 375, 4031 Liège, Belgium; hoangnguyennhatanh@doct.uliege.be (A.N.N.H.); david.thonon@elysia-raytest.com (D.T.)
5 GIGA Cyclotron Research Centre In Vivo Imaging, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août 8, 4000 Liège, Belgium
1 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universeit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085c, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherland
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– name: 1 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universeit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085c, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; s.korat@amsterdamumc.nl (Š.K.); d.vugts@amsterdamumc.nl (D.V.); ad.windhorst@amsterdamumc.nl (A.D.W.)
– name: 2 Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; natasha.bidesi@sund.ku.dk (N.S.R.B.); umberto.battisti@sund.ku.dk (U.M.B.)
– name: 5 GIGA Cyclotron Research Centre In Vivo Imaging, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août 8, 4000 Liège, Belgium
– name: 6 Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Snippet Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies....
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies....
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SubjectTerms alpha-synuclein
Brain research
Chemistry
Chimie
Clinical trials
DNA repair
Drug Discovery
imaging
Molecular Medicine
Nervous system
Neurodegeneration
Parkinson's disease
Patients
Pharmaceutical Science
Phosphorylation
Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences
Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre
positron emission tomography
Proteins
Review
synucleinopathies
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Title Alpha-Synuclein PET Tracer Development—An Overview about Current Efforts
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http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/305733
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