Cortical Thickness in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Attention Deficit Disorder

Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol s...

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Published inPediatric neurology Vol. 45; no. 6; pp. 387 - 391
Main Authors Fernández-Jaén, Alberto, Fernández-Mayoralas, Daniel Martín, Quiñones Tapia, Diana, Calleja-Pérez, Beatriz, García-Segura, Juan Manuel, Arribas, Sonia López, Muñoz Jareño, Nuria
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LanguageEnglish
Published New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.12.2011
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Abstract Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.
AbstractList Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.
Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.
Abstract Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.
Author Fernández-Mayoralas, Daniel Martín
Calleja-Pérez, Beatriz
Muñoz Jareño, Nuria
Quiñones Tapia, Diana
García-Segura, Juan Manuel
Fernández-Jaén, Alberto
Arribas, Sonia López
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  givenname: Nuria
  surname: Muñoz Jareño
  fullname: Muñoz Jareño, Nuria
  organization: Section of Pediatric Neurology, Infanta Leonor Hospital of Vallecas, Madrid, Spain
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Issue 6
Keywords Fetal alcohol syndrome
Newborn diseases
Nervous system diseases
Ethanol
Hyperactivity
Language English
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Snippet Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these...
Abstract Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy....
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StartPage 387
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - pathology
Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity
Biological and medical sciences
Cerebral Cortex - pathology
Child
Child clinical studies
Female
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - pathology
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Neuroimaging - methods
Neurology
Pediatrics
Pregnancy
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Statistics, Nonparametric
Title Cortical Thickness in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Attention Deficit Disorder
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0887899411003791
https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0887899411003791
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2011.09.004
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22115001
https://www.proquest.com/docview/906155672
https://www.proquest.com/docview/912921398
Volume 45
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