Cortical Thickness in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Attention Deficit Disorder
Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol s...
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Published in | Pediatric neurology Vol. 45; no. 6; pp. 387 - 391 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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01.12.2011
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Abstract | Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development. |
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AbstractList | Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development.Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development. Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development. Abstract Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the classic and most severe manifestation of epigenetic changes induced by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. Often these patients develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. We analyzed cortical thickness in 20 children and adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (group 1), in 20 patients without fetal alcohol syndrome (group 2), and in 20 control cases. The first group revealed total cortical thickness significantly superior to those of the other two groups. In per-lobe analyses of cortical thickness, group 1 demonstrated greater cortical thickness in the frontal, occipital, and right temporal and left frontal lobes compared with the second group, and in both temporal lobes and the right frontal lobe compared with the control group. This study demonstrated greater cortical thickness in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol, probably as an expression of immature or abnormal brain development. |
Author | Fernández-Mayoralas, Daniel Martín Calleja-Pérez, Beatriz Muñoz Jareño, Nuria Quiñones Tapia, Diana García-Segura, Juan Manuel Fernández-Jaén, Alberto Arribas, Sonia López |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Alberto surname: Fernández-Jaén fullname: Fernández-Jaén, Alberto email: aferjaen@telefonica.net organization: Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Quirón Madrid, Medical Director Centro de Atención a la Diversidad Educativa, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 2 givenname: Daniel Martín surname: Fernández-Mayoralas fullname: Fernández-Mayoralas, Daniel Martín organization: Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Quirón Madrid, Medical Director Centro de Atención a la Diversidad Educativa, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 3 givenname: Diana surname: Quiñones Tapia fullname: Quiñones Tapia, Diana organization: Radiodiagnostics Service, Neuroradiology Unit and Magnetic Resonance Unit, Clínica Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 4 givenname: Beatriz surname: Calleja-Pérez fullname: Calleja-Pérez, Beatriz organization: Department of Pediatric Primary Care, Doctor Cirajas Healthcare Center, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 5 givenname: Juan Manuel surname: García-Segura fullname: García-Segura, Juan Manuel organization: Radiodiagnostics Service, Neuroradiology Unit and Magnetic Resonance Unit, Clínica Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 6 givenname: Sonia López surname: Arribas fullname: Arribas, Sonia López organization: Child-Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Gómez Ulla Hospital of Madrid, Centro de Atención a la Diversidad Educativa, Madrid, Spain – sequence: 7 givenname: Nuria surname: Muñoz Jareño fullname: Muñoz Jareño, Nuria organization: Section of Pediatric Neurology, Infanta Leonor Hospital of Vallecas, Madrid, Spain |
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Keywords | Fetal alcohol syndrome Newborn diseases Nervous system diseases Ethanol Hyperactivity |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - pathology Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity Biological and medical sciences Cerebral Cortex - pathology Child Child clinical studies Female Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders - pathology Humans Male Medical sciences Neuroimaging - methods Neurology Pediatrics Pregnancy Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Statistics, Nonparametric |
Title | Cortical Thickness in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Attention Deficit Disorder |
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