On The Deep Learning Models for EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface Using Motor Imagery

• Published in: IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering Vol. 30; p. 1
• Main Authors: Zhu, Hao, Forenzo, Dylan, He, Bin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: BCI; Brain; Brain modeling; Brain-computer interface; Classification; Classifiers; Computer applications; Convolution; Convolutional neural networks; Datasets; Deep learning; EEG; Electroencephalography; Feature extraction; Human-computer interface; Imagery; Implants; Machine learning; Mental task performance; motor imagery; Task analysis
• DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2022.3198041
• ISSN: 1534-4320; 1558-0210

Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interface (BCI) is an important BCI paradigm which requires powerful classifiers. Recent development of deep learning technology has prompted considerable interest in using deep learning for classification and resulted in multiple models. Finding the best performing models among them would be beneficial for designing better BCI systems and classifiers going forward. However, it is difficult to directly compare performance of various models through the original publications, since the datasets used to test the models are different from each other, too small, or even not publicly available. In this work, we selected five MI-EEG deep classification models proposed recently: EEGNet, Shallow & Deep ConvNet, MB3D and ParaAtt, and tested them on two large, publicly available, databases with 42 and 62 human subjects. Our results show that the models performed similarly on one dataset while EEGNet performed the best on the second with a relatively small training cost using the parameters that we evaluated.