Role of Phenolic Compounds in Human Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body’s tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 1; p. 233
Main Authors Rahman, Md. Mominur, Rahaman, Md. Saidur, Islam, Md. Rezaul, Rahman, Firoza, Mithi, Faria Mannan, Alqahtani, Taha, Almikhlafi, Mohannad A., Alghamdi, Samia Qasem, Alruwaili, Abdullah S, Hossain, Md. Sohel, Ahmed, Muniruddin, Das, Rajib, Emran, Talha Bin, Uddin, Md. Sahab
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 30.12.2021
MDPI
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Abstract Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body’s tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators’ activity or gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various phenolic compounds can also act on transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), to up-or downregulate elements within the antioxidant response pathways. Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by phenolic compounds has been used to treat hypertension. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme represents a type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, and cholinesterase inhibition has been applied to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Phenolic compounds have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties to treat skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts and phenolic compounds exert protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by airborne particulate matter, in addition to a range of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols have been used to prevent and treat allergy-related diseases. The chemical and biological contributions of phenolic compounds to cardiovascular disease have also been described. This review summarizes the recent progress delineating the multifunctional roles of phenolic compounds, including their anti-inflammatory properties and the molecular pathways through which they exert anti-inflammatory effects on metabolic disorders. This study also discusses current issues and potential prospects for the therapeutic application of phenolic compounds to various human diseases.
AbstractList Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body’s tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators’ activity or gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various phenolic compounds can also act on transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), to up-or downregulate elements within the antioxidant response pathways. Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by phenolic compounds has been used to treat hypertension. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme represents a type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, and cholinesterase inhibition has been applied to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Phenolic compounds have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties to treat skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts and phenolic compounds exert protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by airborne particulate matter, in addition to a range of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols have been used to prevent and treat allergy-related diseases. The chemical and biological contributions of phenolic compounds to cardiovascular disease have also been described. This review summarizes the recent progress delineating the multifunctional roles of phenolic compounds, including their anti-inflammatory properties and the molecular pathways through which they exert anti-inflammatory effects on metabolic disorders. This study also discusses current issues and potential prospects for the therapeutic application of phenolic compounds to various human diseases.
Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body's tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators' activity or gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various phenolic compounds can also act on transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), to up-or downregulate elements within the antioxidant response pathways. Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by phenolic compounds has been used to treat hypertension. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme represents a type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, and cholinesterase inhibition has been applied to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Phenolic compounds have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties to treat skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts and phenolic compounds exert protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by airborne particulate matter, in addition to a range of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols have been used to prevent and treat allergy-related diseases. The chemical and biological contributions of phenolic compounds to cardiovascular disease have also been described. This review summarizes the recent progress delineating the multifunctional roles of phenolic compounds, including their anti-inflammatory properties and the molecular pathways through which they exert anti-inflammatory effects on metabolic disorders. This study also discusses current issues and potential prospects for the therapeutic application of phenolic compounds to various human diseases.Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body's tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators' activity or gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various phenolic compounds can also act on transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), to up-or downregulate elements within the antioxidant response pathways. Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. The inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by phenolic compounds has been used to treat hypertension. The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme represents a type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, and cholinesterase inhibition has been applied to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Phenolic compounds have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties to treat skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts and phenolic compounds exert protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation caused by airborne particulate matter, in addition to a range of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols have been used to prevent and treat allergy-related diseases. The chemical and biological contributions of phenolic compounds to cardiovascular disease have also been described. This review summarizes the recent progress delineating the multifunctional roles of phenolic compounds, including their anti-inflammatory properties and the molecular pathways through which they exert anti-inflammatory effects on metabolic disorders. This study also discusses current issues and potential prospects for the therapeutic application of phenolic compounds to various human diseases.
Author Islam, Md. Rezaul
Rahman, Md. Mominur
Mithi, Faria Mannan
Rahaman, Md. Saidur
Emran, Talha Bin
Almikhlafi, Mohannad A.
Alruwaili, Abdullah S
Alghamdi, Samia Qasem
Alqahtani, Taha
Ahmed, Muniruddin
Rahman, Firoza
Hossain, Md. Sohel
Uddin, Md. Sahab
Das, Rajib
AuthorAffiliation 9 Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
7 Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
5 Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 9280, Saudi Arabia; Dr.d-d@hotmail.com
1 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; mominur.ph@gmail.com (M.M.R.); mdsaidur569@gmail.com (M.S.R.); md.rezaulislam100ds@gmail.com (M.R.I.); 940sumaiya@gmail.com (F.R.); mithilafaria43@gmail.com (F.M.M.); sohelhossain1173@gmail.com (M.S.H.); drmuniruddin@gmail.com (M.A.)
3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia; mmikhlafi@taibahu.edu.sa
2 Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; ttaha@kku.edu.sa
8 Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
4 Department of Biology, Faculty
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 6 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; rajibjony97@gmail.com
– name: 2 Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; ttaha@kku.edu.sa
– name: 1 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; mominur.ph@gmail.com (M.M.R.); mdsaidur569@gmail.com (M.S.R.); md.rezaulislam100ds@gmail.com (M.R.I.); 940sumaiya@gmail.com (F.R.); mithilafaria43@gmail.com (F.M.M.); sohelhossain1173@gmail.com (M.S.H.); drmuniruddin@gmail.com (M.A.)
– name: 3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia; mmikhlafi@taibahu.edu.sa
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– name: 9 Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
– name: 7 Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
– name: 5 Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 9280, Saudi Arabia; Dr.d-d@hotmail.com
– name: 8 Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011465$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 1
Keywords phenolic compounds
cardiovascular disease
antioxidant
inflammation
diabetic mellitus
hypertension
Language English
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Snippet Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body’s tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents....
Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body's tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents....
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SubjectTerms Acids
Alzheimer's disease
Animals
Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry
Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Antihypertensive Agents - chemistry
Antihypertensive Agents - pharmacology
Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
antioxidant
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - chemistry
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Antiviral drugs
Apoptosis
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Biological Products - chemistry
Biological Products - pharmacology
Biological Products - therapeutic use
Cardiovascular disease
Cereals
Chronic illnesses
Coffee
Dementia
Diabetes
diabetic mellitus
Disease Management
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Fruits
Health Impact Assessment
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypertension
Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
inflammation
Insulin
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microorganisms
Mitochondria
Nitrogen
Oxidative stress
phenolic compounds
Phenols - chemistry
Phenols - pharmacology
Phenols - therapeutic use
Physiology
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
Polyphenols
Review
Structure-Activity Relationship
Tea
Vegetables
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Title Role of Phenolic Compounds in Human Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35011465
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Volume 27
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