Validation of the Chemotaxis of Plant Parasitic Nematodes Toward Host Root Exudates
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-spe...
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| Published in | Journal of nematology Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.01.2019
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| Abstract | Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN (
,
and
) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted,
and
were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise,
was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions. |
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| AbstractList | Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN (Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted, R. reniformis and M. incognita were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise, H. glycines was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN ( Rotylenchulus reniformis , Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines ) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted, R. reniformis and M. incognita were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise, H. glycines was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN ( , and ) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted, and were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise, was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN (Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted, R. reniformis and M. incognita were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise, H. glycines was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions.Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are microscopic soil herbivores that cause damage to many economic crops. For the last century, it has been proposed that chemotaxis is the primary means by which PPN locate host plant roots. The identities and modes of action of chemoattractants that deliver host-specific messages to PPN, however, are still elusive. In this study, a unique multidimensional agar-based motility assay was developed to assess the impacts of root exudates on the short-range motility and orientation of PPN. Three PPN (Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines) and root exudates from their respective host and non-host plants (cotton, soybean, and peanut) were used to validate the assay. As predicted, R. reniformis and M. incognita were attracted to root exudates of cotton and soybean (hosts), but not to the exudates of peanut (non-host). Likewise, H. glycines was attracted to soybean (host) root exudates. These results underpinned the intrinsic roles of root exudates in conveying the host specificity of PPN. In particular, PPN selectively identified and targeted to hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic, fractions of root exudates, indicating that groundwater should be an effective matrix for chemotaxis associated with PPN and their host plant interactions. |
| Author | Liu, Wenshan Gosse, Heather N. Park, Sang-Wook Jones, Alexis L. Lawrence, Kathy S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Wenshan surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Wenshan organization: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 6849USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexis L. surname: Jones fullname: Jones, Alexis L. organization: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 6849USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Heather N. surname: Gosse fullname: Gosse, Heather N. organization: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 6849USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Kathy S. surname: Lawrence fullname: Lawrence, Kathy S. organization: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 6849USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Sang-Wook surname: Park fullname: Park, Sang-Wook email: swpark@auburn.edu organization: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 6849USA |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s11104_023_06194_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2023_10_029 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2022_1008725 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tim_2023_07_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tplants_2023_06_022 crossref_primary_10_3389_fevo_2022_854591 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10886_025_01563_9 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11104_020_04677_z |
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| SubjectTerms | cotton heterodera glycines Host specificity Host–parasitic relationship Life Sciences meloidogyne incognita Motility assay Peanut rotylenchulus reniformis Soybean |
| Title | Validation of the Chemotaxis of Plant Parasitic Nematodes Toward Host Root Exudates |
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